[Perioperative management and operative treatment of malignant tumor of anal canal merging severe abdominal protuberance].

Objective: To report the perioperative management and robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery results of one case with malignant tumor of anal canal combined with severe abdominal distention. Methods: A 66-year-old male suffer from adenocarcinoma of anal canal (T3N0M0) with megacolon, megabladder and scoliosis. The extreme distention of the colon and bladder result in severe abdominal distention. The left diaphragm moved up markedly and the heart was moved to the right side of the thoracic cavity. Moreover, there was also anal stenosis with incomplete intestinal obstruction. Preoperative preparation: fluid diet, intravenous nutrition and repeated enema to void feces and gas in the large intestine 1 week before operation. Foley catheter was placed three days before surgery and irrigated with saline. After relief of abdominal distention, robotic-assisted abdominoperineal resection+ subtotal colectomy+colostomy was performed. Results: Water intake within 6 hours post-operatively; ambulance on Day 1; anal passage of gas on Day 2; semi-fluid diet on Day 3; safely discharged on Day 6. Conclusion: Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery is safe and feasible for patients with malignant tumor of anal canal combined with severe abdominal distention after appropriate and effective preoperative preparation to relieve abdominal distention.

Antiproliferative Activity of the Chinese Medicinal Compound, Delisheng, Compared With Rg3 and Gemcitabine in HepG2 Cells.

Delisheng consists of radix ginseng, radix astragali, venenum bufonis and mylabris. It has been reported that delisheng inhibits the proliferation of adenocarcinoma cells and stimulates their apoptosis. Delisheng can also enhance the body's immunity and induce the redifferentiation of carcinoma cells. Delisheng inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in MTT assay and promoted apoptosis more effectively in contrast to the active components of ginseng extract, Rg3 and gemcitabine. It is possible that Rg3 has an important role in delisheng because they all could regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis and expression of endostatin and VEGFR-2. Delisheng caused the cell cycle to arrest at the S phase, while gemcitabine blocked the cells at the G0/G1 phase in cell cycle analysis. Consequently, the apoptosis rate of the HepG2 cell line can be increased significantly by delisheng in combination with gemcitabine, compared with the single drug. The expression of the procaspase proteins, caspase protein, and dr5 detected by Western blot were increased while bcl-2 and survivin decreased in the delisheng group, compared with controls. The observations suggest that the delisheng induced apoptotic effect might be closely related to the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and the death receptor signaling pathway.

Inhibition of nicotine-DNA adduct formation in mice by six dietary constituents.

Nicotine [3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-pyridine] is a major alkaloid in tobacco products and has proven to be a potential genotoxic compound. Many natural dietary products can suppress the DNA adduction, and hence act as inhibitors of cancer. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of curcumin, garlic squeeze, grapeseed extract, tea polyphenols, vitamin C, and vitamin E on nicotine-DNA adduction in vivo using an ultrasensitive method of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The results demonstrated that all the dietary constituents induced marked dose-dependent decrease in nicotine-DNA adducts as compared with the control. The reduction rate reached about 50% for all agents, except garlic squeeze (40%), even at its highest dose level. Amongst the six agents, grapeseed extract exhibited the strongest inhibition to the DNA adduct formation. Therefore, we may arrive at a point that these dietary constituents are beneficial to prevent the harmful adduct formation, and thus to block the potential carcinogenesis induced by nicotine.

A unique human IgE-binding epitope on the Bermuda grass pollen recognized by mouse lambda-type monoclonal antibodies.

A group of six mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) with the unusual lambda-type light chain were generated by fusion of NS-1 cells with splenic cells derived from BALB/c mice immunized with crude extracts of Bermuda grass pollen (BGP). Four of them were IgG1, one was IgG2b, and one was IgG3. Binding inhibition assay showed that they recognized the same (or very similar) epitope. Using sera from BGP-allergic patients, it was found that the specific binding between the IgE antibodies and the MoAb 26-11-fixed antigen could be blocked by MoAb 26-11 itself and another MoAb 9-13 in a dose-dependent manner. It appears that the epitope recognized by the lambda-type MoAbs is a human IgE-binding antigenic determinant. Further physico-chemical analyses showed that this epitope was stable under heat but sensitive to treatments of sodium periodate and proteinase K. Results from these studies indicate that this unique epitope which leads to the generation of lambda-type MoAbs is part of a glycoprotein.