[Clinico-Pharmacological and Clinical Basis of Multiplicity of Intake of Novel Oral Anticoagulants].

In this review we present comparison of pharmacokinetics of novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, principles of selection of a regimen of their dosing for phase III clinical trials in patients with atrial fibrillation. Multiplicity of administration of NOAC depends on required level of anticoagulation, ability to maintain anticoagulation for 24 hours, relationship between minimal and maximal levels of equilibrium concentrations, efficacy and safety. Once a day administration of some drugs of this group is reasonable from positions of clinical pharmacology. It can provide not only better adherence to treatment but greater safety relative to development of bleeding.

[Prospects of Levofloxacin Use in Therapy of Patients with Bronchopulmonary Diseases or Skin and Soft Tissue Pyo-Inflammatory Lesions].

The results of the clinico-microbiological investigation of the levofloxacin efficacy in the treatment of 38 patients with respiratory infections or various pyo-inflammatory lesions are presented. The positive results were stated in 29 (76.3%) patients. No adverse reactions were observed.

[Cranberry preparations in urological practice: view of a clinical pharmacologist].

Cranberry has been used in various urological problems from ancient times but only now cranberry preparations were studied clinically and pharmacologically in terms of prophylaxis of urinary tract infections. The active component of cranberry are protoantocianides which have no antibacterial activity but inhibit adhesion of uropathogenic E.coli due to block of P-fimbria and thus inhibit development of biofilms. When cranberry preparations are taken per os, proantocianides accumulate in high doses in urine. Efficacy of cranberry in prophylaxis of recurrent urinary infection was demonstrated in randomized clinical trials. Administration of standard cranberry preparations containing not less than 36 mg of proantocianides such as monurel is recommended by European Urological Association (EUA). Cranberry preparations are well tolerated, especially in capsules. However, they can contribute to nephrolithiasis progression and enhance anticoagulation action of indirect anticoagulant drugs.

[Clinical significance of the pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and phytopreparations].

In modern clinics, the pharmacotherapy is frequently accompanied by the administration of phytopreparations (by which are implied any preparations based on or containing plant materials). There are many data indicative of the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and phytopreparations. Among the most important issues is the ability of components of phytopreparations to induce or inhibit the isoenzymes of cytochrome P-450 and/or glycoprotein P. For this reason, phytopreparations can either increase or decrease the efficacy of jointly admninistared drugs, as well as provoke the development of undesired side reactions.

[Safety of food supplements containing plant components].

For today the biologically active additives (BAA) extensively use by people as a source essential substances. However majoriry of people don't know, that BAA which contain vegetable components may induces various undiserable effects (UE). Review contain information about frequency of serious UE, first of all induced BAA, which contain medicinal plants. Discussed problem of charge efficacy and safety drugs when its use jointly with BAA. Think that need to give in BAA instruction additional information about possibility UE BAA.

[Interaction of biologically active additives, containing medicinal plants with drugs]. / O vzaimodeistvii biologicheski aktivnykh dobavok, soderzhashchikh lekarstvennye rasteniia, s lechebnymi sredstvami.

For today the biologically active additives (BAA) actively are included into clinical practice as means of "additional" therapy of a number of diseases and their consumption constantly grows. However, majority of the patients do not suspect about an opportunity of interaction between drugs and BAA, containing medicinal plants, and the treating doctors simply underestimate it. The interaction drugs with BAA, containing medicinal plants is investigated not enough. There are separate messages about this interactions of a similar sort, the doctor should take into account this information at realization pharmacotherapy and active image to be interested at the patient about BAA application.