RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of spearmint oil on emphysema-like changes and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-9) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated rats. METHOD: Emphysematous changes model was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS once a week for up to 8 weeks in rats. Rats were divided into control, dexamethasone (0.3 mg x kg(-1)), and spearmint oil (10, 30,100 mg x kg(-1)) groups. Each group was treated with saline, dexamethasone, and spearmint of oil respectively for 4 weeks. Then total and different white blood cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were carried out. The pathologic changes of lung tissue such as alveolar structure, airway inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia were observed by HE and AB-PAS staining. Expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9 were measured. RESULT: Both spearmint and dexamethasone decreased the destruction of pulmonary alveolus. The total and different white blood cell counts in BALF including neutrophile and lymphocyte of spearmint oil 100 mg x kg(-1) and dexamethasone group were significantly reduced, and the goblet cell metaplasia was also inhibited. Dexamethasone had inhibitory effect on the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9. Spearmint oil 30, 100 mg x kg(-1) significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta respectively. Spearmint oil 10, 30 and 100 mg x kg(-1) had no effect on the expression of TIMP-1, but could decrease the expression of MMP-9 significantly in lung tissues. CONCLUSION: Spearmint oil has protective effect on rats with emphysematous changes, since it improves alveolar destruction, pulmonary inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia. The mechanism may include reducing TNF-alpha, IL-1beta content and inhibiting overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung tissues.
Assuntos
Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/efeitos dos fármacos , Mentha spicata/química , Fitoterapia , Óleos de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Enfisema Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Enfisema Pulmonar/enzimologia , Animais , Compostos Azo/farmacologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Células Caliciformes/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-1beta/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Leucócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucócitos/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Metaplasia , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Monócitos/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Enfisema Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Enfisema Pulmonar/patologia , Ratos , Sistema Respiratório/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Respiratório/patologia , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Spearmint oil on inflammation, oxidative alteration and Nrf2 expression in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). METHODS: COPD model was induced by intratracheal instillation of Klebsiella pneumonia and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 12 weeks in rats, and COPD rats were treated with Spearmint oil for 3 weeks. After COPD was induced, the pathological changes, changes in leucocyte number in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), MDA in lung homogenate and Nrf2 expression were observed. The effects of Spearmint oil on these changes were determined. RESULT: Spearmint oil 100 mg*kg(-1)significantly reduced leucocyte numbers in BALF, and attenuated bronchiolitis, pulmonary interstitial inflammation and inflammation cell infiltration. Spearmint oil 30-300 mg*kg(-1)decreased the destruction of pulmonary alveolus and the thickness of bronchioles walls, and inhibited goblet cell proliferation. Spearmint oil significantly reduced MDA in lung homogenate, and decreased the expression of Nrf2 protein in lung tissues. CONCLUSION: Spearmint oil has protective effect on lung injury in COPD rats, since it improves pulmonary inflammation,oxidative alteration, and enhances Nrf2 protein expression.
Assuntos
Mentha spicata/química , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Lipopolissacarídeos , Masculino , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/etiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rats' respiratory tract. To study the influence of LPS and Eucalyptus globulus oil on the distribution of TMR4. METHOD: The Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with lipopolysaccharide (LPS,2 mg x kg(-1) per day) for two days to induce acute lung injury. The rats were sacrificed at 72 hours after LPS instillation. Lung morphology was studied. Leukocytes in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured and TLR4 were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULT: The result of immunohistochemistry showed that TLR4 distributed widely in common rats' respiratory tract. In the group of acute lung injury, the number of leucocyte in BALF was increased apparently, the inflammation in bronchus and bronchioles was more apparently than that of the control group in morphology. And the expression of TLR4 was reinforced in main bronchus and bronchioles. In the group of E. globules oil (300 mg x kg(-1)), the leucocyte number was decreased apparently in BALF, the inflammation was lightened and the expression of TLR4 decreased as compared with the group of models. CONCLUSION: The expression of TLR4 distributes widely in rats' respiratory tract. The stimulation of LPS can reinforce the expression of TLR4. The E. globules oil can reduce the increase of TLR4 induced by LPS in bronchioles.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Eucalyptus , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/metabolismo , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Brônquios/metabolismo , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Eucalyptus/química , Contagem de Leucócitos , Lipopolissacarídeos , Pulmão/patologia , Masculino , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/induzido quimicamente , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/patologiaRESUMO
AIM: To study the effects of alpha-pinene on nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and the expression of the inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B alpha) in human monocyte THP-1 cell line. METHODS: THP-1 cells were incubated with alpha-pinene (1, 10, and 100 mg/L, for 30 min) before being stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/L, 30 min). The location of NF-kappa B p65 subunit (NF-kappa B/p65) in THP-1 cells was detected by immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The expression of NF-kappa B/p65 in nuclei and that of I kappa B alpha in cytoplasm were measured by Western-blot analysis. RESULTS: The majority of FITC-labelled NF-kappa B/p65 was located in the nuclei being stimulated with LPS. Whereas, no such fluorescence was seen in the nuclei of the groups pretreated with alpha-pinene or control cells. alpha-Pinene pretreatment decreased the NF-kappa B/p65 nuclear translocation in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, and this effect was dose-dependent, but there was no reaction in LPS-unstimulated THP-1 cells. alpha-Pinene pretreatment increased I kappa B alpha protein level in cytoplasm, compared with that in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. CONCLUSION: In a dose-related fashion, alpha-pinene inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B induced by LPS in THP-1 cells, and this effect is partly due to the upregulation of I kappa B alpha expression.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Proteínas I-kappa B/metabolismo , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Monoterpenos Bicíclicos , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Eucalyptus/química , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide/patologia , Monoterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Inibidor de NF-kappaB alfa , Plantas Medicinais/química , Transporte Proteico , Fator de Transcrição RelA , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Eucalyptus globulus oil on bronchiolitis and mucin hypersecretion in chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. METHOD: Rat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide 0.2 mg. Pathological changes, alteration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemistry characters were examined after 3 weeks and the effect of E. globulus oil was observed. RESULT: Characters of pathological manifestations of chronic bronchitis were found after instillation of LPS. Inflammatory cell infiltration and bronchiolitis severity were significantly reduced after administration of E. globulus oil. Especially in 300 mg x kg(-1) treated rats, there were significant decreases of mucin content in BALF and MUC5ac expression in trachea and bronchiole epithelium. Optical density and mucins area% detected by image analysis system were apparently lower than those in model group. CONCLUSION: E. globulus oil has the anti-inflammatory effect on chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats and the inhibitio effect on hypersecretion of airway mucins.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Bronquite Crônica/fisiopatologia , Eucalyptus , Mucinas/metabolismo , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Animais , Bronquite Crônica/induzido quimicamente , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/química , Eucalyptus/química , Masculino , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Folhas de Planta/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of eucalyptus globulus oil on the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-kappaB) in THP-1 cell line. METHODS: THP-1 cells were cultured with or without eucalyptus globulus oil at different concentrations (1, 10, 100 mg x L(-1), 30 min) before being stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg x L(-1), 30 min). The location of NF-kappaB p65 subunit (NF-kappaB/p65) in THP-1 cells was detected by indirect immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope. The expression of NF-kappaB/p65 in nuclei was measured by Western-blot analysis. RESULT: The FITC-label NF-kappaB/p65 was mainly located in the nuclei after THP-1 cells were stimulated with LPS. Whereas, no fluorescence were seen in the nuclei of cells pretreated with eucalyptus globulus oil. This effect on NF-kappaB/p65 nuclear translocation was in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Eucalyptus globulus oil inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB induced by LPS in THP-1 cells.