RESUMO
Snow hebes are the alpine cushion-forming plants of New Zealand Veronica, formerly classified as Chionohebe. The chemical compositions of Veronica pulvinaris and Veronica thomsonii were studied and 33 water-soluble compounds were isolated. The structures of 14 previously unknown esters of phenylethanoid glycosides were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Further, eight known phenylethanoids, nine iridoids, 6'-feruloyl-sucrose and mannitol are also reported. It was found that the iridoid profile of the snow hebes was different from the other species of Veronica in New Zealand but similar to the alpine Northern Hemisphere representatives of the genus.
Assuntos
Glicosídeos/química , Iridoides/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Veronica/química , Água/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Etanol/química , Estrutura Molecular , Nova Zelândia , Filogenia , Plantago/química , Plantago/classificação , SolubilidadeRESUMO
Extracts, fractions and constituents of Carthamus lanatus were tested for their mitogenic effect on bone marrow cells in mice. Most of the studied samples inhibited cell proliferation and only the flavonoid glycoside rutin caused increasing of mitotic activity.
Assuntos
Carthamus , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitógenos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Mitógenos/administração & dosagem , Mitógenos/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
In a chemosystematic investigation of Digitalideae (Plantaginaceae), the water-soluble part of extracts of two species of Digitalis, two species of Isoplexis, as well as Erinus alpinus and Lafuentea rotundifolia were studied with regard to their content of main carbohydrates, iridoids and caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides (CPGs). Digitalis and Isoplexis contained sorbitol, cornoside and a number of other phenylethanoid glycosides including the new tyrosol beta-D-mannopyranoside, sceptroside but were found to lack iridoid glucosides. Erinus contained mainly glucose, the new 8,9-double bond iridoid, erinoside, and a number of known iridoid glucosides including two esters of 6-rhamnopyranosylcatalpol, as well as the CPG poliumoside. Finally, Lafuentea was characterized by the presence of glucose, aucubin and cryptamygin B but apparently lacked CPGs. The chemosystematic significance of the isolated compounds is discussed.
Assuntos
Carboidratos/isolamento & purificação , Iridoides/isolamento & purificação , Plantago/química , Plantago/classificação , Carboidratos/classificação , Classificação , Glicosídeos/classificação , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Iridoides/classificação , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Folhas de Planta/química , Caules de Planta/químicaRESUMO
The aerial parts of Carthamus lanatus (Asteraceae) afforded four new oxygenated bisabolane fucosides, 10-hydroperoxy-bisabola-2,11-diene 7-O-beta-D-fucopyranoside, 11-hydro-peroxy-bisabola-2,9-diene 7-O-beta-D-fucopyranoside, 10-hydroxy-bisabola-2,11-diene 7-O-beta-D-fucopyranoside and 11-hydroxy-bisabola-2,9-diene 7-O-beta-D-fucopyranoside together with the known compounds a-bisabolol beta-D-fucopyranoside, asperuloside, sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside and stigmasterol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside. Asperuloside appears to be the second representative of the iridoid monoterpene group found in the plant family Asteraceae, which until recently was considered to lack iridoids. The main constituent a-bisabolol fucoside exhibited noticeable antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/química , Carthamus/química , Fucose/análogos & derivados , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Fucose/química , Fucose/isolamento & purificação , Fucose/farmacologia , História do Século XVIII , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Oxirredução , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Sterols, triterpenes, volatiles, polar and other constituents in aerial parts of Carthamus lanatus were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Over 90 compounds were identified most of them new for the species. Sitosterol and stigmasterol were the most abundant of 10 sterols identified in the sterol fraction. Taraxasterol, alpha- and beta-amyrine prevailed in the triterpene fraction. Volatiles, sterols and a fraction of the dichloromethane extract showed strong cytotoxicity (Artemia salina assay).
Assuntos
Carthamus/química , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Esteróis/química , Esteróis/toxicidade , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/toxicidade , Animais , Artemia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Flores/química , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Região do Mediterrâneo , Esteróis/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Two flavonoid aglycons, eight flavonoid glycosides, chlorogenic acid and syringin were isolated from aerial parts of Carthamus lanatus. Isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside and chlorogenic acid were found for the first time in the genus Carthamus and respectively, quercimeritrin, astragalin, kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-sophoroside and syringin in the species. The ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract exhibited a higher antioxidant activity than the butanol fraction measured by the alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrazylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of the main constituent, luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, were evaluated.
Assuntos
Carthamus/química , Flavonoides/química , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/toxicidade , Animais , Artemia , Flavonoides/isolamento & purificação , Flavonoides/toxicidade , Conformação Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/químicaRESUMO
The anti-inflammatory activity of four total extracts, their fractions and two main constituents (alpha-bisabolol beta-D-fucopyranoside and luteolin 7-O-glucoside) of Carthamus lanatus L. aerial parts, were assessed in vitro by determining the inhibitory effects on induced human neutrophils. The dichloromethane extract and its water-alcoholic part exhibited the most significant inhibitory effects.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Carthamus/química , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Neutrófilos/fisiologia , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , SolventesRESUMO
The clastogenic effect of total dichloromethane, methanol and water extracts, four bioactive fractions and three individual constituents from Carthamus lanatus aerial parts were evaluated in mice by bone marrow chromosome aberration assay with mitomycin C as positive control. Significant differences in the percentage of aberrant mitosis of the extracts were observed. The dichloromethane extract exhibited a considerable clastogenic effect and the water extract a negligible one. Different types of chromosome aberrations and time-dependant effects for the active fractions and individual compounds were found.
Assuntos
Carthamus/química , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Mutagênicos/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Análise de Variância , Animais , Carthamus/toxicidade , Dimetil Sulfóxido , Feminino , Masculino , Metanol , Cloreto de Metileno , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Mutagênicos/isolamento & purificação , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Solventes , ÁguaRESUMO
Total dichloromethane, methanol and water extracts, their fractions as well as volatiles of Carthamus lanatus aerial parts were phytochemically screened and evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activity. The H(2)O/MeOH fraction of the CH(2)Cl(2) extract exhibited noticeable antibacterial activity. The same fraction and the volatiles showed significant cytotoxic activity.