RESUMO
Xiaotianxin acupoint is located at the middle root of the palm, in the depression of the junction between the major and minor thenar eminence. Manual operation includes kneading, pinching, pounding, pinching-kneading method, and it has the effect of clearing heat and promoting urination, tranquilizing fringt and mind, brightening vision, dredging meridians, sweating and releasing muscle, clinical indications of infantile convulsions, night crying, hot urine, jaundice, strabismus, low vision. This paper, by reviewing ancient and modern literatures, the positioning, operation methods and clinical application of Xiaotianxin acupoint are combed and analyzed. The mechanism of the acupoint should be explored from two aspects of traditional and modern medicine, in order to understand the acupoint comprehensively and deeply. And it will provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of diseases by Xiaotianxin, and guide the clinical application through theoretical research.
RESUMO
Objective:To analyze the categories and its relations of recreational physical activities and rehabilitation exercise for adult with disabilities based on the theory and method of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods:An evidence-based scoping review had been implemented. We had developed the framework and coding approaches for recreational physical activities, rehabilitation exercise and functional improvement for the adults with disabilities based on evidence-based literature review. The literature related to recreational physical activities and rehabilitation exercise of adult with disabilities was searched by subject retrieval method. The retrieval database in Chinese included CNKI and Wanfang database, and the retrieval database in English included PubMed and Web of Science. The retrieval time was from establishment to July 31, 2020. The authors, countries, published time, published journals, research objectives, object of the study and their ages, data collection tool, and the key findings were extracted. Results:A total of 2476 literatures were returned, and 18 of them were enrolled, which were published in 14 countries, and most were published in journals on topics related to medicine, public health, exercise and people with disabilities. They were mainly published from 2010 to 2020, and mainly used questionnaire survey, measurement and interviewing method. There were three typical recreational physical activities: physical fitness activities, skills activities and sports activities, mainly including Taiji Quan, wheelchair basketball, leisure outdoor activities, community recreational sports activities and rehabilitation exercises, etc. According to the framework of ICF, recreational physical activities promote functional rehabilitation for adults with disabilities, including physical functions (b1 mental function; b4 cardiovascular, blood, the function of the immune system and respiratory system; b5 digestion, metabolism and function of the endocrine system; and b7 nerve musculoskeletal function related to movement), and activities and participation (d1 study and application of knowledge; d2 the general tasks and requirements; d4 activity; d5 self-care; d7 interpersonal communication and interpersonal relationship; and d9 community, social and civic life). The evidences showed benefits of improvement in the fields of body mass index, body index, athletic ability, balance ability, and cognitive function. There were more gains at individual levels, including support, coping with stress, self-concept development, life satisfaction, happiness, exercise self-efficacy, health perception, etc. The environmental and personal factors had effects on the performance of activity and participation in recreational physical activities, including e1 products and technologies, e4 attitude, e3 support and interpersonal relationships, e5 service system and policy, as well as attitudes and support of family members and colleagues, interpersonal relationships, social support, transportation, equipment and facilities, and policies. Conclusion:Rehabilitation exercise is an important part of health-related services. We scoped the recreational physical activities and its functional effects for adults with disabilities. The categories and structure of recreational physical activities and rehabilitation exercises were constructed based on ICF. Aligning rehabilitation exercises and relevant factors to ICF, the recreational activities and rehabilitation exercises had been reviewed and discussed and several recommendations for further studies had been drawn.