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1.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 77(6): 1748-1752, 2022 05 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35325159

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Benznidazole is an effective drug in the trypanocidal treatment of acute and chronic indeterminate Chagas' disease (CD). However, adverse drug reactions (ADR) are common and frequently cause patients to discontinue treatment. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that antioxidant supplementation could mitigate benznidazole-induced toxicity. METHODS: We co-supplemented an adult traveller with chronic indeterminate CD who experienced benznidazole ADR with ascorbic acid (AA), 1000 mg/day. We measured selected serum biomarkers of oxidative stress [total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), malondialdehyde (MDA), extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX3), catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD)] at timepoints before and throughout benznidazole treatment and after AA co-supplementation. RESULTS: AA co-supplementation effectively mitigated benznidazole-induced ADR during the aetiological treatment of chronic indeterminate CD. The kinetics of serum biomarkers of oxidative stress suggested significantly decreased oxidative insult in our patient. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that the key pathophysiological mechanism of benznidazole-associated toxicity is oxidative stress, rather than hypersensitivity. AA co-supplementation may improve adherence to benznidazole treatment of chronic indeterminate (or acute) CD. Oxidative stress biomarkers have the potential to guide the clinical management of CD. Prospective studies are needed to establish the benefit of antioxidant co-supplementation to benznidazole treatment of CD in reducing benznidazole toxicity, parasite clearance and the prevention of end-organ damage.


Assuntos
Doença de Chagas , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Nitroimidazóis , Adulto , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores , Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Nitroimidazóis/efeitos adversos , Estresse Oxidativo
2.
Enferm. emerg ; 9(supl.1): 9-16, ene.-dic. 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-90739

RESUMO

La enfermedad de Chagas congénita se produce por la transmisión de Trypanosomacruzi de la madre infectada al feto. Esta infección, característica de la América latina, se extiende a otros continentes debido a la importante migración de mujeres crónicamente infectadas y en edad fértil. La tasa de transmisión materno fetal varía de una región a otra entre el 1 y el 12%.La importante población de mujeres en edad fértil infectadas y el riesgo de transmisión presente en cada embarazo realzan la importancia de este modo de transmisión. La infección materna, cuando no hay infección al feto, parece no influenciar ni el curso del embarazo ni el desarrollo fetal. Sin embargo más del 50% de los recién nacidos con Chagas congénito son totalmente asintomáticos al nacimiento. En los casos donde hay una clínica aparente se puede observar prematuridad, bajo peso al nacer, hepato y esplenomegalia, síndrome de distress respiratorio y anasarca. El diagnostico de la infección congénita puede hacerse al nacimiento mediante la búsqueda de parásitos en la sangre del cordón umbilical o la sangre venosa, utilizando el micrométodo en tubo capilar, complementado, en los casos negativos al nacimiento, con una segunda prueba parasitológica entre 1 y 2 meses de edad, y con las pruebas serológicas después de los seis meses de vida. El tratamiento precoz de la infección congénita con Benznidazol durante 30 días cura prácticamente al 100% de los niños infectados y esta curación se puede confirmar por la negativación de las pruebas serológicas entre 6 meses hasta un año después del tratamiento. Este artículo también presenta resultados del programa de detección y tratamiento de Chagas congénito en tres departamentos endémicos de Bolivia, donde se observa una prevalencia de infección materna superior al 30% con una tasa de transmisión de 2,5% y un cumplimiento del tratamiento en un 83% de los niños infectados (AU)


Congenital Chagas disease is caused by the transmission of Trypanosomacruzi from an infected mother to her foetus. Although characteristically found in Latin America countries, this disease is extending to other continents due to the immigration of chronically infected women of reproductive age. The mother to foetus transmission rate varies between 1 and 12% in different regions. The significant population of infected women of child bearing age and the transmission risk during pregnancy highlight the importance of congenital transmission. In the absence of foetal infection, maternal Chagasdoes not appear to influence pregnancy or the foetal development. However, more than 50% of newborns with congenital Chagas are completely asymptomatic at birth. In cases where clinical disease is present, premature birth, low birth weight, hepatomegaly and splenomegally, respiratory distress syndrome, and anasarca have been observed. Diagnosis of a congenital infection can be done at birth by testing for parasites in the umbilical cord blood or bloodstream and by micromethod. Cases that are negative at birth can be followed-up with a second parasitological test between age 1 and 2months and by serological analysis after age 6 months. Early treatment of infected infants with Benznidazol for 30 days cures almost 100% of cases. Treatment success can be confirmed by negative serological tests between6 month and 1 year after treatment is completed. This article presents the results of a congenital Chagas detection and treatment program in three endemic areas of Bolivia. The observed prevalence of infection was more than 30% with a 2.5% transmission rate. Treatment adherence for infectedinfants was 83% (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Trypanosoma cruzi/patogenicidade , Doença de Chagas/congênito , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Antiparasitários/uso terapêutico , Bolívia/epidemiologia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde
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