Revolutionizing Cardiac Care: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Cardiac Rehabilitation and the Evolution of Cardiovascular Medicine.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a global health crisis, with its complex web of conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, and stroke, continuing to exact a heavy toll on individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. Despite substantial advances in medical technology and pharmaceutical interventions, CVD remains a formidable adversary, necessitating innovative prevention, management, and rehabilitation approaches. In tracing the historical trajectory of CVD, the narrative reveals the antiquated practices of early 20th-century medicine, marked by extended bed rest as the primary modality for heart-related conditions. It underscores the critical juncture when exercise was first recognized as a therapeutic tool for cardiac health, setting the stage for the evolution of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). CR programs have transcended their initial focus on exercise, expanding to encompass dietary guidance, psychosocial support, and comprehensive risk factor modification. These holistic interventions enhance physical recovery and address the psychosocial and lifestyle aspects of CVD management, ultimately improving patients' overall well-being. CR programs increasingly leverage advanced technologies and personalized strategies to tailor interventions to individual patient needs, ultimately enhancing outcomes and reducing the burden of CVD. In conclusion, this narrative review illuminates the transformative journey of cardiac care, with a particular spotlight on the indispensable role of CR in reshaping the landscape of cardiovascular medicine. By evolving from historical practices to comprehensive, patient-centered interventions, CR has made significant strides in improving the prognosis, quality of life, and holistic well-being of individuals grappling with the complexities of CVD. Understanding this historical context and the contemporary advancements is paramount for healthcare professionals and policymakers as they navigate the intricate terrain of cardiovascular medicine and endeavor to mitigate the impact of this pervasive disease.

Integrative Medicine Approaches: Bridging the Gap Between Conventional and Renal Complementary Therapies.

The global incidence of renal disorders is on the rise, demanding the implementation of novel and comprehensive strategies for patient care. The present study demonstrates the significance of renal health, offering a comprehensive comprehension of renal physiology and the escalating load of renal illnesses. The relevance of controlling renal illnesses is underscored by a thorough examination of conventional treatments, which encompass pharmaceutical interventions, dialysis, and transplantation. Subsequently, the story redirects its attention towards complementary therapies, classifying them into several categories, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, dietary supplements, and mind-body activities, among various others. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of the available information, providing a critical study of the effectiveness and safety of alternative therapies in renal care. This study focuses on the central idea of integrative medicine, distinguished by its patient-centered and holistic approach and its seamless integration of conventional and complementary therapies. This study examines several integrative care models, using case studies to illustrate successful integrative approaches that have enhanced patient outcomes. The review thoroughly examines the current body of literature on integrative renal care, including meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and notable research discoveries. This study highlights the need for further research to address knowledge gaps and explore areas that require additional examination. These findings emphasize the importance of future research endeavors in this crucial sector. In addition, the paper thoroughly examines the safety issues and regulatory factors pertaining to complementary therapies, underscoring the importance of making educated decisions and maintaining diligent monitoring to safeguard patients' well-being. Integrating patient perspectives, experiences, and shared decision-making is essential to the integrated healthcare process, promoting a collaborative and patient-centered approach. The study culminates by providing a concise overview of the primary discoveries and delineating the ramifications of implementing therapeutic procedures. This statement underscores the considerable potential of integrative medicine in augmenting renal care, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and an improved overall quality of life for persons with renal diseases. Also, this literature review provides a thorough and knowledgeable examination of the incorporation of conventional and complementary therapies in the context of renal health. It gives valuable perspectives for healthcare practitioners, researchers, and policymakers interested in enhancing care strategies for individuals with renal conditions.

Sirtuin 1 inhibition: a promising avenue to suppress cancer progression through small inhibitors design.

SIRT1 is a protein associated with vital cell functions such as gene regulation, metabolism, ageing, and cellular energy restoration. Its association with the tumor suppressor protein p53 is essential for controlling the growth of cells, apoptosis, and response to DNA damage. By raising p53 acetylation, encouraging apoptosis, and reducing cell proliferation, inhibiting SIRT1's catalytic domain, which interacts with p53, shows potential as a cancer treatment. The aim of the study is to find compounds that could inhibit SIRT1 and thus lower the proliferation of cancer cells. Employing molecular docking techniques, a virtual screening of ∼900 compounds (isolated from medicinal plants and derivatives) gave us 13 active compounds with good binding affinity. Additional evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties led to the selection of eight compounds with desirable properties. Docking analysis confirmed stable interactions between the final eight compounds (C1-C8) and the SIRT1 catalytic domain. Molecular dynamics simulations show overall stability and moderate changes in protein structure upon compound binding. The compactness of the protein indicated the protein's tight packing upon the inhibitors binding. Binding free energy calculations revealed that compounds C2 (-49.96 ± 0.073 kcal/mol and C1 (-44.79 ± 0.077 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest energy, indicating strong binding affinity to the SIRT1 catalytic domain. These compounds, along with C8, C5, C6, C3, C4 and C7, showed promising potential as SIRT1 inhibitors. Based on their ability to reduce SIRT1 activity and increase apoptosis, the eight chemicals discovered in this work may be useful in treating cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Disease Detection in Plum Using Convolutional Neural Network under True Field Conditions.

The agriculture sector faces crop losses every year due to diseases around the globe, which adversely affect food productivity and quality. Detecting and identifying plant diseases at an early stage is still a challenge for farmers, particularly in developing countries. Widespread use of mobile computing devices and the advancements in artificial intelligence have created opportunities for developing technologies to assist farmers in plant disease detection and treatment. To this end, deep learning has been widely used for disease detection in plants with highly favorable outcomes. In this paper, we propose an efficient convolutional neural network-based disease detection framework in plum under true field conditions for resource-constrained devices. As opposed to the publicly available datasets, images used in this study were collected in the field by considering important parameters of image-capturing devices such as angle, scale, orientation, and environmental conditions. Furthermore, extensive data augmentation was used to expand the dataset and make it more challenging to enable robust training. Investigations of recent architectures revealed that transfer learning of scale-sensitive models like Inception yield results much better with such challenging datasets with extensive data augmentation. Through parameter quantization, we optimized the Inception-v3 model for deployment on resource-constrained devices. The optimized model successfully classified healthy and diseased fruits and leaves with more than 92% accuracy on mobile devices.