[Purification efficiency of four different ecotypes of wetland plants on eutrophic water body]. / 4ç§ä¸åŒç”Ÿæ´»åž‹æ¹¿åœ°æ¤ç‰©å¯¹å¯Œè¥å »åŒ–æ°´ä½“çš„å‡€åŒ–æ•ˆæžœ.

Four wetland plant species (Acorus calamus, Typha orientalis, Lemna minor, Ceratophyllum demersum) were grown to compare the purification efficiency of wetland plant species alone and in combination on two eutrophic water bodies, high concentration sewage (influent) and low concentration sewage (effluent) in a wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that the concentration of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased sharply at the beginning of the test, but this decreasing trend slowed down in the late phase. The wetland plants could remove TN, TP and COD from wastewater effectively, but the degree of purification was different among different wetland plant species and among different combinations of these species. The wetland plant species were more effective in reducing TN when used in combination than used alone, and the combination of T. orientalis, L. minor and C. demersum had the highest efficiency in removing TN. The emerged plant species alone were more effective in removing TP in the high concentration sewage, but wetland plant combinations had a higher removal efficiency of TP in the low concentration sewage. In the high concentration sewage, the COD removal efficiency of wetland plants was 85.1%-96.0%, and A. calamus and T. orientalis had the highest removal efficiency. In the low concentration sewage, the COD removal efficiency of wetland plants was 76.9%-94.8%, and the highest removal efficiency was observed in the combination of A. calamus, L. minor and C. demersum. On the whole, the efficiency of wetland plants in removing TN, TP and COD was significantly greater in the high concentration sewage than in the low concentration sewage, and pH was improved in both treatments.

The antidepressant effect of secoisolariciresinol, a lignan-type phytoestrogen constituent of flaxseed, on ovariectomized mice.

Secoisolariciresinol (SECO) is a natural lignan-type phytoestrogen constituent mainly found in flaxseed. It can be metabolized in vivo to mammalian lignans of enterodiol and enterolactone, which have been proven to be effective in relieving menopausal syndrome. Depression is one of the most common symptoms of menopausal syndrome, and is currently treated with estrogen replacement and antidepressant therapy. However, due to the serious side-effects of such agents, there are urgent needs for safer and more tolerable treatments. In this paper, using two classical depression models, the forced swimming test and the tail suspension test, we report the antidepressant effect of SECO on ovariectomized (OVX) mice by intragastric administration for 14 consecutive days at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg. The results showed that SECO (10 mg/kg) treatment could significantly reduce the duration of immobility of OVX mice in these two models compared with the control group (OVX mice + vehicle), which was similar to the positive control imipramine. In addition, SECO treatment could substantially increase brain monoamine (norepinephrine and dopamine) levels in OVX mice. The present studies showed that SECO can reverse depressive-like behavior and exhibit monoamine-enhancing effects.

[A randomized controlled trial study of pulmonary rehabilitation with respiratory physiology as the guide on prognosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation with respiratory physiology as guide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Sixty patients of severe and very severe COPD as categorized by global proposed diagnostic criteria for COPD (GOLD, 2006) were enrolled for study. They were randomly divided into three groups, and with 20 patients in each group. The patients in group A were given pulmonary rehabilitation guided by respiratory physiology thrice a day, 15 minutes each time for 8 weeks. The patients in group B were given pulmonary rehabilitation with pursed lip respiration thrice a day, 15 minutes per time for 8 weeks. The patients in group C were given no pulmonary rehabilitation. Six minute-walk-distance (6MWD), medical research council (MRC) dyspnea scale, activities of daily living (ADL), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and quality of life (QOL) were determined before and after respective pulmonary rehabilitation course. RESULTS: (1) There were 3, 5, 5 patients in group A, group B, group C dropped off in the course of rehabilitation respectively. (2) The patients' MRC grade after pulmonary rehabilitation in group A and group B decreased compared with that before pulmonary rehabilitation (both P<0.01), but the difference was not significant between two groups (P>0.05). (3) 6MWD, ADL, MEP, MIP of patients in group A and group B increased after pulmonary rehabilitation compared with that before pulmonary rehabilitation, and 6MWD, ADL, MEP, MIP of patients in group A were increased after pulmonary rehabilitation more than those in group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (4)The patients' body status, shortness of breath, social activity, home chores in group A and group B, and uneasiness in group A after pulmonary rehabilitation were improved more than those before pulmonary rehabilitation (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but the difference in state of mind, headache, appetite was not markedly different before and after pulmonary rehabilitation in two groups (all P>0.05). The difference in QOL was not marked between group A and group B after pulmonary rehabilitation (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: (1) The pulmonary rehabilitation with pursed lip respiration and the pulmonary rehabilitation with the guide of respiratory physiology ameliorates dyspnea, improves ADL, QOL, exercise tolerance, function of respiratory muscle in the severe and very severe COPD patients remarkably. (2) The effect of the pulmonary rehabilitation with the guide of respiratory physiology is better than that of the pulmonary rehabilitation with pursed lip respiration, and it can be considered as a more effective pulmonary rehabilitation method for the patients with severe and very severe COPD.