Dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk: A dose response meta-analysis.

Since body fatness is a convincing risk factor for endometrial cancer, dietary fat intake was speculated to be associated with endometrial cancer risk. However, epidemiological studies are inconclusive. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the associations between dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of science databases updated to September 2015. In total, 7 cohort and 14 case-control studies were included. Pooled analysis of case-control studies suggested that endometrial cancer risk was significantly increased by 5% per 10% kilocalories from total fat intake (P=0.02) and by 17% per 10 g/1000 kcal of saturated fat intake (P < 0.001). Summary of 3 cohort studies showed significant inverse association between monounsaturated fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.73-0.98) with a total of 524583 participants and 3503 incident cases. No significant associations were found for polyunsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid. In conclusion, positive associations with endometrial cancer risk were observed for total fat and saturated fat intake in the case-control studies. Results from the cohort studies suggested higher monounsaturated fatty acids intake was significantly associated with lower endometrial cancer risk.

A simple strategy for development of single nucleotide polymorphisms from non-model species and its application in Panax.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely employed in the studies of population genetics, molecular breeding and conservation genetics. In this study, we explored a simple route to develop SNPs from non-model species based on screening the library of single copy nuclear genes (SCNGs). Through application of this strategy in Panax, we identified 160 and 171 SNPs from P. quinquefolium and P. ginseng, respectively. Our results demonstrated that both P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium possessed a high level of nucleotide diversity. The number of haplotype per locus ranged from 1 to 12 for P. ginseng and from 1 to 9 for P. quinquefolium, respectively. The nucleotide diversity of total sites (πT) varied between 0.000 and 0.023 for P. ginseng and 0.000 and 0.035 for P. quinquefolium, respectively. These findings suggested that this approach is well suited for SNP discovery in non-model organisms and is easily employed in standard genetics laboratory studies.

[Randomized controlled multi-central study on acupuncture at Tanzhong (CV 17) for treatment of postpartum hypolactation].

OBJECTIVE: To study on clinical role of acupuncture at Tanzhong (CV 17) for treatment of postpartum hypolactation and to provide clinical basis for indications of acupoints. METHODS: This was a single blind randomized controlled multi-center study by Beijing obstetrical and gynecological hospital, Beijing Mother and Child health institute and Haidian Mother and Child health institute, 276 cases of postpartum hypolactation were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a Chinese drug group. The acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at Tanzhong (CV 17) and the Chinese drug group with traditional drug Tongre Decoction. Degree of breast engorge, lactating volume, prolactin, neonate body weight, artificial feeding frequency and volume, urination frequency and crying time of neonate were recorded for comparison of therapeutic effects. RESULTS: After treatment, degree of breast engorge, lactating volume, neonate body weight, artificial feeding frequency and volume, urination frequency and crying time of neonate were significantly improved in the two groups, with no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture at Tanzhong (CV 17) can effectively promote lactation with a same therapeutic effect as the traditional Chinese drug Tongru Decocnon.

[Establishment, optimization and application of a screening method for immunoregulatory oligodeoxynucleotides].

AIM: To establish a set of reasonable and convenient experimental system to provide a screening method for the development of novel immunoregulatory oligodeoxynucleotides. METHODS: The human PBMCs were stimulated by CpG ODN and/or immunoregulatory ODN. The cell proliferation and anti-viral activity of the supernatant induced by CpG ODN were examined by thymidine incorporation and anti-viral bioassay to evaluate the immunoregulatory activity of candidate ODN. The experimental conditions were also optimized. RESULTS: A screening method on which A151, a positive immunoregulatory ODN, inhibited the proliferation and anti-viral activity of the CpG ODN-induced human PBMCs was successfully established. CONCLUSION: The successful establishment of CpG ODN based screening method lays the foundations for further development of novel immunoregulatory oligodeoxynucleotides.

Immunosuppressive iridoids from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides.

A new iridoid, gardaloside (1), and a new safranal-type monoterpene, jasminoside G (2), together with 10 known compounds including nine iridoids and a second safranal-type monoterpene, were isolated from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides. The structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Of these compounds, geniposide (3), 6alpha-hydroxygeniposide (5), ixoroside (7), and shanzhiside (8) showed significant inhibition of IL-2 secretion by phorbol myristate acetate and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody co-stimulated activation of human peripheral blood T cells.