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1.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom ; 38(10): e9736, 2024 May 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38533576

RESUMO

RATIONALE: Pesticide isomers are widely available in agricultural production and may vary widely in biological activity, potency, and toxicity. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of pesticide isomers is challenging due to structural similarities. METHODS: Based on liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, identification of cis-trans isomeric pesticides was achieved through retention time, characteristic fragment ions, and relative abundance ratio. Furthermore, theoretical and basic research has been conducted on the differences in characteristic fragment ions and their relative abundance ratios of cis-trans isomers. On the one hand, the cleavage pathways of six cis-trans isomers were elucidated through collision-induced dissociation to explain different fragment ions of the isomers. On the other hand, for those with the same fragment ions but different abundance ratios, energy-resolved mass spectrometry combined with computational chemical density functional theory in terms of kinetics, thermodynamics, and bond lengths was employed to explain the reasons for the differences in characteristic fragment ions and their abundance ratios. RESULTS: A high-resolution mass spectrometry method was developed for the separation and analysis of cis-trans isomers of pesticides in traditional Chinese medicine Radix Codonopsis, and six pesticide isomers were distinguished by retention time, product ions, and relative abundance ratios. The limits of quantification of the six pesticides were up to 10 µg/kg, and the linear ranges of them were 10-200 µg/kg, with coefficients of determination (R2) > 0.99, which demonstrated the good linearity of the six pesticides. The recoveries of the pesticides at spiked concentrations of 10, 20, and 100 µg/kg reached 70-120% with relative standard deviations ≤20%. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the application of the method was well suited for accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis for isomers with different structures, which could avoid false-negative results caused by ignoring other isomers effectively.


Assuntos
Resíduos de Praguicidas , Praguicidas , Praguicidas/análise , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Isomerismo , Íons/análise , Resíduos de Praguicidas/análise
2.
Anal Methods ; 15(17): 2121-2131, 2023 05 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37144343

RESUMO

The safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered considerable interest worldwide. In this study, a high-throughput method for the determination of 255 pesticide residues in decoctions of Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis was developed using liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry. The methodological verification demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of this method. The frequently detected pesticides in Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis were determined to build a correlation between pesticide properties and the transfer rate of pesticide residues in their decoctions. Water solubility (WS) with a higher correlation coefficient (R) made a significant contribution to the accuracy of the transfer rate prediction model. The regression equations for Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis were T = 13.64 log WS + 10.56 with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.8617 and T = 10.66 log WS + 25.48 with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.8072, respectively. This study provides preliminary data on the potential risk of exposure to pesticide residues in Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis decoctions. Furthermore, as a case study on root TCM, this approach may serve as a model for other TCMs.


Assuntos
Angelica sinensis , Codonopsis , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Resíduos de Praguicidas , Praguicidas , Angelica sinensis/química , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Cromatografia Líquida , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem
3.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 298: 115632, 2022 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35964821

RESUMO

HEADINGS ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Pushen capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine compound functioning as 'stimulating blood circulation to remove blood stasis', which widely used to treat hyperlipidemia. Recent clinical research showed that Pushen capsule ameliorated cognitive function in patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment. AIM OF THE STUDY: Explore the potential mechanism of Pushen capsule in vascular dementia (VaD) using network pharmacology analysis and experimental verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Active ingredients and their related targets of Pushen capsule, and VaD-related targets were searched in public databases. Core targets, potential functions and mechanisms of Pushen capsule on VaD were predicted by protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. In vivo experiments were conducted to demonstrate the potential mechanisms of Pushen capsule in the treatment of VaD. RESULTS: In total, 155 active ingredients, 273 related targets of Pushen capsule, and 1035 VaD-related targets were selected from the public databases. 147 common targets of Pushen capsule against VaD were obtained. The PPI network, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that some core targets and signaling pathways are related to inflammation. The experimental results showed that Pushen capsule treatment largely alleviated hippocampal glial activation, accelerated the polarization of activated microglia from the M1 to the M2 phenotype and reduced associated inflammatory factor expression to protect against VaD-induced neuronal loss, synaptic protein reduction and cognitive defects in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Pushen capsule reduced the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65; and STAT1. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that Pushen capsule alleviates hippocampal neuroinflammation to protect against VaD-induced cognitive impairment in a dose-dependent manner. The neuroprotective effect of Pushen capsule on VaD might be regulated by the NF-κB; and JAK-STAT pathway.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Demência Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Janus Quinases , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , NF-kappa B , Farmacologia em Rede , Fatores de Transcrição STAT , Transdução de Sinais
4.
Biomed Res Int ; 2017: 5716204, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28691026

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study investigated whether quercetin could alleviate vascular calcification in experimental chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine. METHODS: 32 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups fed normal diet, normal diet with quercetin supplementation (25 mg/kg·BW/d), 0.75% adenine diet, or adenine diet with quercetin supplementation. All rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of intervention. Serum renal functions biomarkers and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured and status of vascular calcification in aorta was assessed. Furthermore, the induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway was determined to explore the potential mechanism. RESULTS: Adenine successfully induced renal failure and vascular calcification in rat model. Quercetin supplementation reversed unfavorable changes of phosphorous, uric acid (UA) and creatinine levels, malonaldehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and the increases of calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the aorta (P < 0.05) and attenuated calcification and calcium accumulation in the medial layer of vasculature in histopathology. Western blot analysis showed that iNOS/p38MAPK pathway was normalized by the quercetin supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Quercetin exerted a protective effect on vascular calcification in adenine-induced chronic renal failure rats, possibly through the modulation of oxidative stress and iNOs/p38MAPK pathway.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/induzido quimicamente , Falência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Estresse Oxidativo , Quercetina/uso terapêutico , Calcificação Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Calcificação Vascular/patologia , Adenina , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/enzimologia , Aorta/patologia , Aorta/fisiopatologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Cálcio/sangue , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/fisiopatologia , Falência Renal Crônica/patologia , Falência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fósforo/sangue , Quercetina/farmacologia , Ratos Wistar , Calcificação Vascular/sangue , Calcificação Vascular/fisiopatologia , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo
5.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao ; 32(6): 586-93, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16018185

RESUMO

A system of virus-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing for studying rbcS gene function was established and optimized using tobacco rattle virus vector and Nicotiana benthamiana as experimental materiaes. The following analyses were conducted: phenotypic characterization of rbcS gene silenced plants, transcription levels of rbcS gene by RT-PCR; protein levels of rbcS by the antibodies of rbcS and rbcL and photosynthetic pigments wntents in rbcS silenced plants by HPLC method. The results showed that the seedlings at 21-24-day-old and Agrobacterium concentration at OD600 = 1-1.5 gave the best results for gene silencing. The expression level of rbcL was very likely regulated by rbcS, and rbcS gene did not relate to the collection of photosynthetic energy. Probability analysis showed that the tobacco rattle virus vector system is a useful and effective technique to study rbcS gene function via post-transcriptional gene silencing.


Assuntos
Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Nicotiana/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Interferência de RNA , Ribulose-Bifosfato Carboxilase/genética , Western Blotting , Clorofila/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , DNA Complementar/genética , Vetores Genéticos , Luteína/análise , Folhas de Planta/genética , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Vírus de Plantas/genética , Plasmídeos , Proteínas Recombinantes , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Ribulose-Bifosfato Carboxilase/metabolismo , Plântula/genética , Plântula/metabolismo , Nicotiana/metabolismo
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