Therapeutic Efficacy of Shengxuening Tablets in the Treatment of Iron-deficiency Anemia during Pregnancy:A Meta-analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of Shengxuening tablets in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy,so as to provide evidence for clinical decisions. METHODS:Retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and PubMed,clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about Shengxuening tablets in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy were collected during 2008-2018. After screening literatures and extracted information, the literature quality was evaluated by using improved Jadad scale. Meta-analyses was performed by using Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS:A total of 11 RCTs were included,inulving 1 617 patients. Total response rate of Shengxuening tablets was significantly higher than those of ferrous sulfate [OR＝8.73,95%CI(2.964,25.69),P＜0.05],ferrous succinate [OR＝1.86,95%CI(1.04,3.33),P＜0.05] and dietory conditioning [OR＝3.43,95%CI(2.08,5.66),P＜0.05],with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic efficacy of Shengxuening tablets is significantly better than that of routine iron supplements in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy.

Effect of electroacupuncture on electrogastrogram and gastric antrum ghrelin in rats with diabetic gastroparesis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the electrogastrogram and gastric antrum ghrelin in rats with diabetic gastroparesis (DGP). Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into group A, group B, group C, group D and group E, 10 rats in each group. Group A was the blank control group without intervention. Group B, Group C, Group D and Group E were treated with single dose intraperitoneal injection of 2% streptozotocin (STZ), combined with 8-week high glucose and high fat diet to establish DGP rat models. Group B was the model group without treatment. Group C was the EA at acupoint group, was treated with EA at Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6). Group D was the EA at non-acupoint group, was treated by EA at the control points of Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6). Rats in the metoclopramide control group received 1.7% metoclopramide solution [10 mL/(kg·bw)] by gavage. Rat's blood glucose level was measured by blood glucose meter; gastric emptying rate was detected using phenol red as a marker; the electrogastrogram was detected by BL-420F biological function system; the protein level of ghrelin was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the expression of ghrelin mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Compared with group A, the blood glucose of group B, C, D and E were significantly increased before and after the treatment (all P<0.01); after treatment, the gastric emptying rate of group B was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the migration rates of small intestine in group B, C, D and E were significantly lower (all P<0.01), and the protein content of ghrelin in group C was significantly decreased (P<0.01); the expressions of ghrelin mRNA were significantly increased in group B, C, D and E (all P<0.01), the mean amplitudes of electrogastrogram in group B and D were significantly decreased (both P<0.01). After treatment, compared with group B, the blood glucose of group C was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gastric emptying rate and small intestine migration rate were significantly increased in group C and E (P<0.05, P<0.01), the small intestinal migration rate was significantly increased in group D (P<0.05), the expression of ghrelin in protein and mRNA in group C was significantly lower (P<0.01), the expression of ghrelin mRNA in group E was significantly lower (P<0.05), and the mean amplitude of electrogastrogram in group C was significantly increased (P<0.05). After treatment, compared with group D, the protein and mRNA expressions of ghrelin in group C were significantly decreased (P<0.01). After treatment, compared with group E, the protein expression of ghrelin in group C was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA at Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) could regulate the blood glucose level of DGP model rats, enhance electrogastrogram activity, promote gastric emptying, and regulate ghrelin expression in protein and mRNA.

Study on the mechanisms of electroacupuncture for promoting gastrointestinal motility in rats with diabetic gastroparesis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST 36) on the gastrointestinal motility and the ultrastructures of pacemaker cells [the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC)] in diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats and explore the mechanism of EA for DGP.Methods: A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into group A, group B, group C, group D and group E, with 10 rats in each group. Group A was the blank control; a single intraperitoneal injection of 2% streptozotocin (STZ) was performed in rats of group B, group C, group D and group E, with high glucose and high fat diet for 8 weeks to establish the DGP rat models. Group B was the model group and the rats did not receive any treatment; group C was EA at acupoint group and the rats received EA at Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); group D was EA at non-acupoint group and the rats received EA at the control points of Zusanli (ST 36), Liangmen (ST 21) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); group E was metoclopramide group and the rats were treated by intragastric administration of metoclopramide. Blood glucose was detected using ONE TOUCH blood glucose meter; gastric emptying rate and small intestine migration rate were measured using intragastric phenol red; ultrastructures of gastric antrum ICC were detected by transmission electron microscopy.Results: The differences of blood glucose between group B, group C, group D, group E versus that of group A were statistically significant after modeling (P<0.01); after treatment, the differences of blood glucose between group D, group E versus that of group C were statistically significant (P<0.05,P<0.01); the gastric emptying rate of rats in group B was statistically significant different from that in group A (P<0.01); the gastric emptying rate of rats in group C was statistically significant different from that in group B (P<0.01). The migration rates of rats' small intestines in group B, group C, group D and group E were all statistically significant different from that in group A (P<0.01); the migration rate of rats' small intestines in group C was statistically significant different from that in group B (P<0.01). The ultrastructure of rat's ICC in group B showed apoptosis compared with that in group A; rat's ICC in group C had complete basement membrane, more cytoplasm mitochondria, Golgi and rough endoplasmic reticulum, showing clear structure, occasional mitochondria swelling and gap junctions with adjacent smooth muscle cells; there were no significant differences between group D, group E versus group B.Conclusion: EA at Zusanli (ST 36) plus other acupoints can regulate the blood glucose and promote gastrointestinal motility in DGP rats, and the mechanism may be related to repairing the damaged ICC structure.

Effects of electroacupuncture at acupoints with different nerve segments on gastric emptying in OT gene knockout mice / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints with different nerve segments on gastric emptying in oxytocin (OT) gene knockout mice, and to explore the role of paraventricular nucleus OT in EA regulating gastric function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty OT knockout mice and twenty wild-type mice (8-9 weeks old, male and female in half) were divided into a control group, a Zusanli (ST 36) group, a Neiguan (PC 6) group and a Weishu (BL 21) group randomly, 5 mice in each group. The mice in the control group received no acupuncture; the mice in the Zusanli (ST 36) group, Neiguan (PC 6) group and Weishu (BL 21) group were treated with EA at unilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Weishu" (BL 21) for 15 min respectively. Subsequently, the mice were treated with intragastric administration with milk loaded with technetium-99m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Tc-DTPA), immediately followed by scanning of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to test gastric emptying for 50 min; the original data was collected and analyzed to obtain the half gastric emptying time (GET 1/2), 50-min stomach residue rate and gastric emptying curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The wild-type mice group:compare with the control group, after EA at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Neiguan" (PC 6), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly reduced, which could improve the gastric emptying of wild-type mice (<0.01,<0.05); after EA at "Weishu" (BL 21), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly increased, which could inhibit the gastric emptying of wild-type mice (<0.01,<0.05). The OT gene knockout mice group:compared with the control group, EA at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Neiguan" (PC 6) had no significant effects on gastric emptying (both>0.05); after EA at "Weishu" (BL 21), the GET 1/2 and 50-min stomach residue rate were significantly increased, which could inhibit the gastric emptying of OT gene knockout mice (both<0.01). Gastric emptying curve:the gastric emptying of OT gene knockout mice was significantly faster than that of wild-type mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The effects of EA at acupoints with different nerve segments on gastric emptying in mice are different, and the knockout of OT gene could accelerate the gastric emptying, and influence the acupuncture effect of several acupoints. It is suggested the paraventricular nucleus OT neurons, as the initiating device of autonomic nervous pathways, might participate in EA regulating the gastric function to inhibit the gastric emptying, with the form of neural and neuroendocrine.</p>

Effect of nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements on clinical outcome of esopha-geal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional counseling combined with oral high-fat, high-protein nutritional supplement (Ensource) on nutritional status and clinical outcomes of esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment.Methods Totally 80 esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treat-ment who were able to take oral feeding and with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score≥3 were se-lected and divided into a study group (n=41, nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements) and a control group ( n=39, nutritional counseling) with a random number table.Energy intake, nutritional sta-tus, and incidences of radiotherapy complications of the two groups before and after radiotherapy were compared. Results Energy intakes in the study group increased significantly during radiotherapy compared with the control group [ (2 445 ±686) kJ vs.(1 747 ±456) kJ, P=0.003];and the level of prealbumin and transferrin were increased significantly compared with before radiotherapy [ (17.35 ±5.83) mg/L vs.(20.15 ±6.02) mg/L, P=0.008;(213.74 ±52.66) mg/L vs.(264.19 ±43.78) mg/L, P=0.002].Besides, compared with the control group, incidence of radiation esophagitis ( GradeⅢ) and radiation skin injury ( GradeⅢ) in the study group decreased significantly (24%vs.38%, P=0.000;27%vs.41%, P=0.000).Conclusion Nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements in esophageal cancer patients could help improve the patients'nutritional profile and decrease the incidence of complications related with radiotherapy.

Concept and significance of a subjective and multiple index system of clinical evaluation for traditional Chinese medicine / 中西医结合学报

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its methods for evaluating clinical efficacy are different from those of Western medicine. Applying evaluation techniques and methods that are used in Western medicine mechanically to TCM will not work. So building evaluation techniques, which adhere to regulations and characteristics of TCM, is necessary and imperative. As the quality of life and patient-reported outcome instruments were brought into practice and developed, clinical evaluation ideas and methods for TCM are provided with an opportunity for development. This article puts forward the concept of subjective complex outcomes (SCOs), which constitutes subjective feelings gained from the patient, doctor and caregiver, different from laboratory parameters. SCOs provide a multidimensional and complex health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment and focus on the source of assessment information of diseases. This article also introduces a case study building SCO methods of TCM treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, in order to promote discussion and provide a platform for future research.

Enhancement of Extracts from Celastrus orbiculatus on Maturation and Function of Dendritic Cells in vitro and in vivo / 中草药·英文版

Objective To examine the immunoregulation of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts(COE),a traditional Chinese medicine,on maturation and function of dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro,after treated with COE indifferent nontoxic concentrations(0,10,20,40,80,and 160 μg/mL)for 5 d,the surface immunological molecules andcytokine secretion of mice bone marrow-derived DCs in response to COE were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis(FACS)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),respectively.In vivo,mouse hepatoma cells(Hepal-6,1 ×106)were injected sc and were treated with different dosages of COE(10,20 or 40 mg/kg/d).Effects on tumor growth were determined by tumor volume and histology analysis after 28 d administration of COE.The relative proportions ofmature DCs and CD8+ T cells were measured in mononuclear cells that had been isolated from spleen by FACS.Results COE stimulated IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion of DCs,simultaneously enhanced the maturation of DCs byenhancing immunological molecule(CD40,CDS0,CD86,H-2Kb,and I-Ab)expression in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the chcmotactic responses of DCs were significantly higher in COE-treated than untreated DCs,in association with higher chcmokine receptor 7 expression.Furthermore,COE increased DCs produce IFN-γ and IL-2 ina dose-dependent manner when the concentration of COE less than 40 μg/mL,decreased DCs produce IL-10 and IL-4also in a dose-dependent manner.In in vivo studies,COE can not only suppress growth of malignant hepatocellularcarcinomas but also stimulate maturation of DCs,associated with strongly enhanced CD8+ CTL responses.ConclusionThese data provide new insight into the mechanism of action of COE and indicate that the stimulation of maturation andfunction of DCs by COE contributes to its immunoregulatory effects.

Effect of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Training on Barthel Index in Early-stage of Stroke Cases / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To study the effect of combined acupuncture and rehabilitation training on early-stage Barthel index of ischemic stroke cases.Method:Fifty ischemic stroke cases were randomized into a treatment group of 24 cases and control group of 26 cases.In addition to routine internal treatment methods,rehabilitation training was applied to cases in the control group,and combined acupuncture and rehabilitation training were applied to cases in the treatment group.Warming and reinforcing manipulations were applied to Jianyu (LI 15),Quchi (LI 11),Hegu (LI 4),Yanglingquan (GB 34),Yinlingquan (SP 9),Zusanli (ST 36),and Sanyinjiao (SP 6),20 min of needle retaining for each point in one treatment.Then the scores of clinical neurological impairment and Barthel index of stroke cases were evaluated before the treatment and 3 weeks after respectively.Results:The significant progress and progress cases in the treatment group were 14 and 12 respectively,whereas that in the control group were 6 and 11 respectively,coupled with 7 cases of no progress.The therapeutic effect in the treatment is substantially better than the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference (P＞0.05) in neurological impairment and scores of Barthel index of the two groups before the treatment,whereas significant difference (P＜0.05) after the treatment.The scores of neurological impairment in the treatment group were significantly reduced after the treatment (P＜0.05),and the scores of Barthel index were significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Combined acupuncture and rehabilitation training can produce significantly better effect on early neurological impairment and Barthel index of stroke cases than rehabilitation training alone.

Study of a new method on similarity evaluation for chromatographic fingerprint as applied in traditional Chinese medicine / 中成药

AIM: To develop and perfect the similarity algorithm on chromatographic fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). METHODS: The experimental and simulated data were used to investigate and verify the characteristics on the new and former methods on similarity evaluation for chromatographic fingerprints method. RESULTS: There are many strong points for new similarity algorithm in practice. CONCLUSION: The new method provides more rationality and practicability in TCM quality control and analysis compare to existing methods.