Multidisciplinary effort in treating children with hepatoblastoma in China.

The purpose of this study is to report the first nationwide protocol (Wuhan Protocol) developed by Chinese Children's Cancer Group and the results of multidisciplinary effort in treating hepatoblastoma. In this study, we reported the final analysis, which includes 153 hepatoblastoma patients in 13 hospitals from January 2006 to December 2013. The 6-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were 83.3 ± 3.1% and 71.0 ± 3.7%, respectively, in this cohort. The univariate analysis revealed that female (P = 0.027), under 5 years of age (P = 0.039), complete surgical resection (P = 0.000), no metastases (P = 0.000), and delayed surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.000) had better prognosis. In multivariate analysis, male, 5 years of age or above, stage PRETEXT III or IV, and incomplete surgical resection were among the some adverse factors contributing to poor prognosis. The preliminary results from this study showed that patients who underwent treatment following Wuhan Protocol had similar OS and EFS rates compared to those in developed countries. However, the protocol remains to be further optimized in standardizing surgical resection (including liver transplantation), refining risk stratification and risk-based chemotherapy.

[Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and in vitro/in vivo correlation of ibuprofen with essential oils as penetration enhancer following transdermal administration].

The study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics and in vitro/in vivo correlation of ibuprofen with essential oils as penetration enhancers (PE) following transdermal administration. With Azone as the positive control, ibuprofen hydrogels containing Chuanxiong oil, Angelica oil or Cinnamon oil as PE were prepared and administered to the rat abdominal skin. Then the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen following transdermal administration were investigated and compared. In comparison with negative control (no PE was added), the relative bioavailability values with the addition of Chuanxiong oil, Angelica oil, Cinnamon oil and Azone as PE were determined to be 161.87%, 171.05%, 151.37% and 148.66%, respectively. In vitro/in vivo correlation analysis was performed by deconvolution method and the results demonstrated a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo percutaneous absorption studies. The correlation coefficients were measured to be 0.999 7, 0.995 2 and 0.999 4 for Chuanxiong oil, Angelica oil and Cinnamon oil respectively. In summary, Chuanxiong oil, Angelica oil and Cinnamon oil as PE could significantly enhance the bioavailability of ibuprofen following transdermal administration. A satisfactory in vitro/in vivo correlation could be obtained by using hydrogel as the dosage form.