Differential analysis of different study types in clinical safety evaluation of Xuebijing Injection / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to comprehensively analyze and compare the differences of different clinical study types currently published in the safety evaluation of Xuebijing Injection. Six databases, namely the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database, were electronically retrieved to collect all types of studies on the safety of Xuebijing Injection, including randomized controlled trials, case-controlled studies, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and centralized monitoring studies of clinical safety(hospital), in order to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the safety of Xuebijing Injection, and analyze the differences of different research results. A total of 211 literatures were included, involving a total of 46 384 patients treated with Xuebijing Injection, and 423 adverse reactions(ADRs) occurred. They included 191 randomized controlled trials, 3 cohort studies, 15 systematic reviews, and 2 centralized monitoring studies of clinical safety(hospital), and the incidence of adverse reactions was 2.54%(common), 2.31%(common), 0.95%(occasionally), and 0.50%(occasionally). More than half of the 423 cases of ADRs occurred in skin and adnexal system(151 cases) and gastrointestinal system(65 cases), including such manifestations as rash, skin itching, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea. The degree of ADRs was mild. Randomized controlled trials showed that the incidence of ADR was the highest when Xuebijing Injection was used for malignant tumor and multiple organ failure. And the systematic evaluation showed that the incidence of ADR was the highest when Xuebijing Injection was used for spontaneous peritonitis of liver cirrhosis. In conclusion, different study types could lead to significant differences in the results of drug safety evaluation. Sample size, study type, and quality control are the main factors for biased results. Due to large sample size and high-quality, centralized monitoring studies become the better clinical safety evaluation model of drugs at present, and full life cycle management could more objectively reflect drug safety and guide clinical rational drug use.

Clinical evaluation of Compound Chamomile and Lidocaine Hydrochloride Gel for postoperative hypospadias in children / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Compound Chamomile and Lidocaine Hydrochloride Gel for postoperative hypospadias in children.@*METHODS@#From January to December 2020, we treated 116 children with distal hypospadias in the Department of Urology, Department of Pediatrics and the Seventh Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, 58 by primary Snodgrass urethroplasty only (the control group) and the other 58 with Compound Chamomile and Lidocaine Hydrochloride Gel smeared on the penis postoperatively in addition (the trial group). We compared the operation time and postoperative pain score, edema regression and incidence of infection between the two groups, followed by statistical analysis using T test and Chi-square test.@*RESULTS@#All the operations were successfully completed by the same surgeon under general anesthesia. There were no statistically significant differences between the trial and control groups in age (［2.5 ± 0.8］ vs ［2.4 ± 0.6］ yr, P > 0.05) or operation time (［95.6 ± 14.5］ vs ［97.1 ± 15.2］ min, P > 0.05). No incision infection occurred in any of the cases. The pain scores at dressing removal were remarkably lower in the trial than in the control group at 2 hours (1.4 ± 1.0 vs 2.6 ± 1.3, P < 0.05), 24 hours (2.2 ± 1.3 vs 3.9 ± 1.6, P < 0.05), 48 hours (1.2 ± 0.7 vs 1.6 ± 0.9, P < 0.05) and 72 hours after surgery (2.5 ± 0.8 vs 3.7 ± 1.8, P < 0.05). Significantly more cases of edema regression were achieved in the trial than in the control group at 2 weeks postoperatively (35 vs 19, P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compound Chamomile and Lidocaine Hydrochloride Gel can effectively relieve pain, reduce edema and accelerate edema regression after surgery in children with hypospadias, and therefore deserves wide clinical application.、.

Active fraction combination from Liuwei Dihuang decoction improves adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neurogenic microenvironmentin cranially irradiated mice / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Cranial radiotherapy is clinically used in the treatment of brain tumors;however, the conse?quent cognitive and emotional dysfunctions seriously impair the life quality of patients. LW-AFC, an active fraction combi?nation extracted from classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoction, can improve cogni?tive and emotional dysfunctions in many animal models;however, the protective effect of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions has not been reported. Recent studies indicate that impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and alterations of the neurogenic microenvironment in the hippocampus constitute crit?ical factors in cognitive and emotional dysfunctions following cranial irradiation. Here, our research further investigated the potential protective effects and mechanisms of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dys?functions in mice. METHODS LW-AFC (1.6 g·kg-1) was intragastrically administered to mice for 14 d before cranial irra?diation (7 Gyγ-ray). AHN was examined by quantifying the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neu?rons in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. The contextual fear conditioning test, open field test, and tail suspension test were used to assess cognitive and emotional functions in mice. To detect the change of the neurogenic microenvi?ronment, colorimetry and multiplex bead analysis were performed to measure the level of oxidative stress, neurotrophic and growth factors, and inflammation in the hippocampus. RESULTS LW-AFC exerted beneficial effects on the contex?tual fear memory, anxiety behavior, and depression behavior in irradiated mice. Moreover, LW-AFC increased the num?ber of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal hippocampus, displaying a regional specificity of neurogenic response. For the neurogenic microenvironment, LW-AFC significantly increased the contents of superox?ide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and catalase and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of irradiated mice, accompanied by the increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and interleukin-4 content. Together, LW-AFC improved cognitive and emotional dysfunctions, promoted AHN preferentially in the dorsal hippocampus, and ameliorated disturbance in the neurogenic microenvironment in irradiated mice. CONCLUSION LW-AFC ameliorates cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions, and the underlying mechanisms are mediated by promoting AHN in the dorsal hippocampus and improving the neurogenic micro?environment. LW-AFC might be a promising therapeutic agent to treat cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in patients receiving cranial radiotherapy.

A clinical study on the effect of Tiaoli-Qixue decoction on bleeding and coagulation during perioperative period of total hip arthroplasty / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To explore the effect Tiaoli-Qixue decoction on bleeding and coagulation during perioperative period of total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods A total of 180 THA patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into three groups with 60 cases in each group.All patients underwent routine anti-infection treatment after unilateral THA through lateral hip approach.The patients took the Tiaoli-Qixue decoction 3 days before THA in the treatment group.The patients in the Xuesaitong control group received intravenous Xuesaitong on the day of operation and rivaroxaban tablets were administered orally on the day of operation in the westem medicine control group.The continuous medication was administered until 7 days after operation in three groups.The amount of hemorrhage and drainage after operation were recorded and the total amount of dominant hemorrhage was calculated.The Degao M4 semi-automatic hemagglutination instrument was used to detect plasma D-dimer level and observe thrombosis.Harris scale was used before and after operation to calculate the excellent and good rates of Harris score.Results The total amount of dominant hemorrhage (376.67 ± 61.44 ml vs.400.08 ± 61.16 ml,413.33 ± 53.76 ml,F=5.963),intraoperative hemorrhage (165.50 ± 15.67 ml vs.174.75 ± 14.68 ml,175.42 ± 11.13 ml,F=9.452) and postoperative drainage (211.17 ± 58.12 ml vs.225.33 ± 56.93 ml,237.92 ± 54.28 ml,F=3.370) in the treatment group of traditional Chinese medicine were significanlty less than those in the Xuesaitong control group and the Western medicine control group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).On the 7th day after operation,there were 6 cases of thrombosis in the treatment group of traditional Chinese medicine,4 cases in the Xuesaitong control group and 4 cases in the Western medicine control group.There was no significant difference between the three groups (x2=0.667,P=0.881).Six months after operation,the excellent and good rate of that the treatment group of traditional Chinese medicine was 45.0％ (27/60),which of the the Xuesaitong control group was 11.7％ (7/60),and which of the the Western medicine control group was 13.3％ (8/60).There was significant difference among the three groups.Conclusions The Tiaoli-Qixue decoction bleeding and coagulation can reduce the amount of dominant bleeding during perioperative period in patients with THA,and effectively prevent and treat deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs after THA.

Effect of mindfulness meditation training on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in perimenopausal women / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of mindfulness meditation training for improving anxiety, depression and sleep disorders in perimenopausal women.@*METHODS@#Intervention by menopause meditation training was delivered in 121 perimenopausal women with anxiety, depression or sleep disorders in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. Before and after the intervention, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index were used for assessment of changes in the conditions of the women.@*RESULTS@#After menopausal meditation training, the perimenopausal women showed significant improvement in the mean scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale (48.26 ± 6.47; =3.865, < 0.01), Selfrating Depression Scale (50.27 ± 6.54; =4.541, < 0.01) and Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire (10.64 ± 4.38; =5.596, < 0.01). The symptom remission rates differed significantly among the women with different self-practice frequencies ( < 0.01). The remission rates of anxiety, depression and sleep disorder increased significantly with the frequency of self-exercise ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Mindfulness meditation training can effectively alleviate the symptoms of anxiety and depression and improve the quality of sleep in perimenopausal women, and the frequency of the exercise is positively correlated with the improvements. Mindfulness meditation training can be an effective intervention for improving the mental health of perimenopausal women.

Helical tomotherapy using simultaneously integrated boost and simultaneous integrated protection technique for unresectable biliary tract cancer / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the safety and efficacy of helical tomotherapy using simultaneously integrated boost and simultaneous integrated protection technique in the treatment of unresectable biliary tract cancers.@*Methods@#The data of 23 patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer who received tomotherapy-based hypofractionated radiotherapy at Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University between February 2015 and October 2017 were analyzed. There were 10 males and 13 females, aged from 40 to 85 years(median:58 years). Pathological type included intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas(n=11), gallbladder cancers(n=6),extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas(n=6). The irradiated sites covered primary tumors and areas of local invasion,including metastatic lymph nodes which were confined to the abdominal or retroperitoneal space. Dose escalation was achieved using simultaneously integrated boost(SIB) technique, and simultaneous integrated protection(SIP)technique was used to protect gastrointestinal tracts and other adjacent organs. Cox regression modal and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to analyze the associations between patients′ characteristics and overall survival(OS).@*Results@#The median total radiation dose was 54 Gy(range: 28-72 Gy)and median biologically effective dose(BED)was 74.4 Gy(range: 37.8-115.2 Gy).The median planning target volume(PTV)was 445.79 cm3(range:126.02-950.12 cm3). Based on the various PTV,patients received 2.4-6.0 Gy/fraction with 8-28 fractions. The local control rate was 65.2% and the median OS was 11.3 months(range:2.1-31.9 months).The most common cause of death was out-field failure and only 3 patients died of in-field failures. The longest survival was 31.9 months. BED≥70 Gy significantly improved OS,compared to BED<70 Gy(16.8 months vs.5.1 months)(HR=0.146, 95%CI:0.028-0.762, P=0.022). No patients developed grade ≥4 toxicities.@*Conclusions@#Helical tomotherapy-based hypofractionated radiotherapy is effective and well tolerated for patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer. The dose escalation with higher BED could improve the survival for such patients.

Characteristics of the traditional Liu-Wei-Di-Huang prescription reassessed in modern pharmacology / 中国天然药物

Liu-Wei-Di-Huang (LW) is a Yin nourishing and kidney tonifying prescription in traditional Chinese medicine with promising pharmacological characteristics that can be further exploited and developed in modern medicine. We provide a comprehensive and detailed literature report on the clinical and experimental pharmacology of LW, including its quality control parameters, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Our literature review indicates that the LW prescription possesses a unique combination of pharmacological characteristics that can be safely used for treating very different diseases. Quality control and pharmacokinetic parameters of LW are mostly based on its major bioactive phytochemical constituents. We postulate that modulating or rebalancing the neuroendocrine immunomodulation network in the body is the underlying mechanism of the multiple pharmacological activities displayed by LW.

Research progresses in pharmacological effects of rhynchophylline and its isomers on nervous system / 药学学报

Uncaria rhynchophylla is one of the frequently used herbs in China, it is mainly used for heat-clearance, suppression of hyperactive liver, calming endogenous wind and arresting convulsion in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Alkaloids are the main active materials in Uncaria rhynchophylla, pharmacological studies have shown that Uncaria rhynchophylla and its alkaloids have comprehensive biological effects on the nervous system. Rhynchophylline is one of the most abundant alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla. The recent studies demonstrate that rhynchophylline and its isomers (isorhynchophylline, corynoxine, corynoxine B) may be good drug candidates for treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, etc. Although the structures of the 4 alkaloids are very similar, they have different effects on nervous system. For example, corynoxine and corynoxine B exhibit better sedative effects than isorhynchophylline. Rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline have been extensively studied. For development and utilization of rhynchophylline for nervous system disease, more studies are needed to unveil the structure-function relationship and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we summarizes the progresses the effects of rhynchophylline and its isomers on the nervous system.

Salvianolic acid A attenuates ischemia reperfusion induced rat brain damage by protecting the blood brain barrier through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation / 中国天然药物

Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases for centuries. The present study aimed to determine the brain protective effects of SAA against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, and to figure out whether SAA could protect the blood brain barrier (BBB) through matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) inhibition. A focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5-h followed by 24-h reperfusion. SAA was administered intravenously at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg·kg. SAA significantly reduced the infarct volumes and neurological deficit scores. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that SAA treatments could also improve the morphology of neurons in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 regions and increase the number of neurons. Western blotting analyses showed that SAA downregulated the levels of MMP-9 and upregulated the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) to attenuate BBB injury. SAA treatment significantly prevented MMP-9-induced degradation of ZO-1, claudin-5 and occludin proteins. SAA also prevented cerebral NF-κB p65 activation and reduced inflammation response. Our results suggested that SAA could be a promising agent to attenuate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation activities.

Salvianolic acid A attenuates ischemia reperfusion induced rat brain damage by protecting the blood brain barrier through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation / 中国天然药物

Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases for centuries. The present study aimed to determine the brain protective effects of SAA against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, and to figure out whether SAA could protect the blood brain barrier (BBB) through matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) inhibition. A focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5-h followed by 24-h reperfusion. SAA was administered intravenously at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg·kg. SAA significantly reduced the infarct volumes and neurological deficit scores. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that SAA treatments could also improve the morphology of neurons in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 regions and increase the number of neurons. Western blotting analyses showed that SAA downregulated the levels of MMP-9 and upregulated the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) to attenuate BBB injury. SAA treatment significantly prevented MMP-9-induced degradation of ZO-1, claudin-5 and occludin proteins. SAA also prevented cerebral NF-κB p65 activation and reduced inflammation response. Our results suggested that SAA could be a promising agent to attenuate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation activities.

New situation and new strategies——research and development and internationalization of new drugs and health products of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

The 2017 China (Lianyungang) International Medical Technology Conference was held in Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province during November 15-17,2017.During this conference,the Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of Chinese Pharmacological Society (CNPHARS) and Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.jointly held the Forum on R&D and Interna-tionalization of New Drugs and Health Products of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The forum was co-chaired by Professor ZHANG Yong-xiang, President of CNPHARS, Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS,and Chair of the Natural Product Section of Inter-national Union of Basic&Clinical Pharmacology(IUPHAR), Professor DU Guan-hua,former President of CNPHARS and Vice-Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS,and Dr.XIAO Wei,Chairman of the Board of Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. And Vice-Chair of Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS. More than 70 scholars attended the forum, including four foreign experts [Michael SPEDDING, Secretary-General of IUPHAR; Professor Valérie B. SCHINI-KERTH, Vice-Chair of the Natural Product Section of IUPHAR; Professor Cherry WAINWRGHT, Director of Centre for Natural Product Drugs of Robert Gordon University; Professor InKyeom KIM, Director of the Korean Society of Pharmacology], members of the Division for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Pharmacology of CNPHARS and leading researchers at Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.GU Jin-hui,Director of the Division of National Science and Technology Major Project for Drug Innovation,Department of Health Science,Technology and Education,National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China was also invited to attend the forum. Representatives discussed the R&D and internationalization of new drugs and health products of traditional Chinese medicine.The summary of views and advice of some experts was published here for the purpose of promoting domestic and overseas academic exchange, and playing an active role in improving the level of R&D and internationalization of new drugs and health products of traditional Chinese medicine in China.

Effects of alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma on mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro / 中国中药杂志

This work was mainly studied the effects of the four alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma on the mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro and preliminarily discussed the regulating mechanisms. The effect of alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma on the vitality of macrophages was measured by the MTT assay. The effect of alkaloids on the phagocytosis of macrophages was determined by neutral red trial and respiratory burst activity was tested by NBT. The expressions of respiratory-burst-associated genes influenced by alkaloids were detected by qRT-PCR. The conformation change of membrane protein in macrophages by the impact of alkaloids was studied by fluorospectro-photometer. Results showed that the four alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma could increase the phagocytosis of macrophages in different level and berberine had the best effect. Berberine, coptisine and palmatine had up-regulation effects on respiratory burst activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated by PMA and regulatory activity on the mRNA expression of PKC, p40phox or p47phox, whereas the epiberberine had no significant influence on respiratory burst. Moreover, alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma could change the conformation of membrane protein and the berberine showed the strongest activity. The results suggested that the four alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma might activate macrophages through changing the conformation of membrane protein of macrophages and then enhanced the phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of macrophages. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanism of alkaloids on the respiratory burst activity of macrophages may be also related to the expression level of PKC, p40phox and p47phox.

Discrimination of Coptidis Rhizoma and its processed products by odor objectify / 中国中药杂志

Different processed products of Coptidis Rhizoma have its unique odor, which is an important assessment index for pro- cessed products identification of Coptidis Rhizoma. Objectify odor as an entry point in this study, an electronic nose technology was used, and a suitable method for Coptidis Rhizoma measurement was built firstly. Then different processed products of Coptidis Rhizoma were detected by the method built. Finally, different processed products were identified by combining with chemometrics based on the objective odor information obtained. Electronic nose detection indicated that a significant difference in odor between different processed products was performed. Coptidis Rhizoma processed or not can be distinguished based on statistical quality control (SQC) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). Principle component analysis (PCA) model showed that Coptidis Rhizoma and its various processed products discriminated obviously. In addition, in order to identify the processed products of Coptidis Rhizoma, a correct recognition rate of 100% was acquired by discriminant factor analysis (DFA) , and the initial identification rate and cross-validation recognition rate of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is 100%, 94.4% respectively. In conclusion, differentiationin odor of different processed Coptidis Rhizoma was performed by the electronic nose technology used, and different products Coptidis Rhizoma were dis- criminated by combining with chemometrics. This research can be a reference for objective identification in odor of traditional Chinese medicine, and is good for the inheritance and development of traditional experience in odor identification.

Treatment of middle-aged and aged patients with knee osteoarthritis of yang-deficiency induced cold-damp syndrome by ozone combined Chinese materia medica: a clinical research / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of treating middle-aged and aged patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) of yang-deficiency induced cold-damp syndrome (YDICDS) by ozone combined Fugui Gutong Granule (FGG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial, 200 KOA patients of YDICDS were randomly assigned to four groups. i.e., the control group (Group A), the Chinese medicine treatment group (Group B), the ozone group (Group C), and the Chinese-r medicine treatment plus ozone group (Group D).Patients in Group A took Voltaren Tablet. Those in Group B took FGG. Those in Group C received ozone injection (10 -18 mL) from knee joint cavity at 25 mg/L, once weekly for 4 weeks in total. Those in Group D received injection from knee joint cavity and took FGG. The therapeutic course for all was one month. The efficacy was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario MacMaster University Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The VAS score was obviously lower in Group D than in Group B and Group A at 24 h and 1 week (P <0. 05). After one month of treatment, the VAS score was obviously lower in Group D than in Group A, B, and C (P < 0.05). After treatment the total integral of WOMAC was 25.34 +/- 2.12 in Group D, obviously lower than that in Group A (44.72 +/- 6.57), Group B (40.58 +/- 5.98), and Group C (38.53 +/- 5. 13), showing statistical difference (P <0.05). The pain score, the joint stiffness score, the score for daily activities were lower in Group D than in Group A (P <0.05). The cured and markedly effective rate was 76.0% in Group D, higher than that of Group A (25. 0%), Group B (25. 0%), and Group C (43.8%), respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ozone combined FGG had advantages in alleviating joint pain, and improving joint stiffness and daily activities of middle-aged and aged patients with KOA of YDICDS.</p>

Observation on the clinical efficacy of shoulder pain in post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome treated with floating acupuncture and rehabilitation training / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy difference in the treatment of shoulder pain in post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome among floating acupuncture, oral administration of western medicine and local fumigation of Chinese herbs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety cases of post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (stage I) were randomized into a floating acupuncture group, a western medicine group and a local Chinese herbs fumigation group, 30 cases in each one. In the floating acupuncture group, two obvious tender points were detected on the shoulder and the site 80-100 mm inferior to each tender point was taken as the inserting point and stimulated with floating needling technique. In the western medicine group, mobic 7.5 mg was prescribed for oral administration. In the local Chinese herbs fumigation group, the formula for activating blood circulation and relaxing tendon was used for local fumigation. All the patients in three groups received rehabilitation training. The floating acupuncture, oral administration of western medicine, local Chinese herbs fumigation and rehabilitation training were given once a day respectively in corresponding group and the cases were observed for 1 month. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Takagishi shoulder joint function assessment were adopted to evaluate the dynamic change of the patients with shoulder pain before and after treatment in three groups. The modified Barthel index was used to evaluate the dynamic change of daily life activity of the patients in three groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With floating acupuncture, shoulder pain was relieved and the daily life activity was improved in the patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome, which was superior to the oral administration of western medicine and local Chinese herbs fumigation (P < 0.01). With local Chinese herbs fumigation, the improvement of shoulder pain was superior to the oral administration of western medicine. The difference in the improvement of daily life activity was not significant statistically between the local Chinese herbs fumigation and oral administration of western medicine, the efficacy was similar between these two therapies (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The floating acupuncture relieves shoulder pain of the patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome promptly and effectively, and the effects on shoulder pain and the improvements of daily life activity are superior to that of the oral administration of western medicine and local Chinese herbs fumigation.</p>

Effects of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor tyrosine kinase B in rats with hemitransectional spinal cord injury / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the changes of expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)and its receptor tyrosine kinase B(TrkB)and in rats with hemitransectional spinal cord injury(SCI)after electroacupuncture on Du Meridian and rehabilitation training.Methods The animal model of acute hemitransectional lesion at the right half of T11 spinal cord was established in 96 adult female rats,which were then divided randomly into an electroacupuncture group,a rehabilitation training group,an electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group and a control group.All the groups received treatment on the 3rd d after operation.The electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group were given electroacupuncture on points of Du Meridian and rehabilitation training,respectively,and the combined group was given Du Meridian electroacupuncture in addition to rehabilitation training.Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan(BBB)scale was used to evaluate motor function every week.Twelve rats of each group were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks after operation,respectively,and their spinal cord tissues were extracted.The polymerase chain reaction(PCR),reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemical techniques were used to detect the expressions of BDNF and TrkB.Results BBB grade increased gradually as time went on.There were significant differences between control group and other groups at the same time point(P ＜ 0.05).The scores increased obviously in electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group compared with electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group(P ＜ 0.05).The result of immunohistochemical observation and RT-PCR also showed that there were significant differences of expressions of BDNF and TrkB among control group and other groups at the same time(P ＜ 0.05).The effects in electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group were much more obvious than those in electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between electroacupuncture group and rehabilitation training group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Electroacupuncture on Du Meridian combined with rehabilitation training had synergic effect on rat's SCI,and could obviously improve the restoration of rat's motor function; the mechanism maybe related to the upregulation of expressions of BDNF and TrkB.

Efficacy of high dose atorvastatin on preventing contrast induced nephropathy in patients underwent coronary angiography / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy of high and low dose atorvastatin on preventing contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients underwent diagnostic and therapeutic coronary intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All patients received atorvastatin 10 mg/d on the basis of hydrated therapy (n = 100) and high dose group received additional atorvastatin 80 mg at 12 to 24 hours before procedure (n = 50). Scr, Ccr, blood beta(2)-M, urine NAG/Cr, and urine osmolality before and after the procedure were compared between the groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline demographic characteristics and nephropathy risk factors were similar between groups. Ccr was significantly reduced while blood beta(2)-M and uric NAG/Cr were significantly increased in low dose group (all P < 0.05). Blood beta(2)-M in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the low dose group at day 1 [(2.35 +/- 0.52) mg/L vs. (2.67 +/- 0.64) mg/L, P = 0.008], day 3 [(2.49 +/- 0.55) mg/L vs. (2.80 +/- 0.64) mg/L, P = 0.011] and day 5 [(2.29 +/- 0.53) mg/L vs. (2.56 +/- 0.66) mg/L, P = 0.026] post-procedure respectively;urine NAG/Cr in the high dose group was also significantly lower than that in the low dose group at day 1 [(1.19 +/- 0.30) U/mmol vs. (1.46 +/- 0.34) U/mmol, P < 0.001], day 3 [(1.30 +/- 0.30) U/mmol vs. (1.59 +/- 0.33) U/mmol, P < 0.001], and day 5 [(1.10 +/- 0.30) U/mmol vs. (1.34 +/- 0.35) U/mmol, P = 0.001] post-procedure respectively;Ccr in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the low dose group at day 1 [(73.69 +/- 20.99) ml/min vs. (65.19 +/- 18.72) ml/min, P = 0.035], day 3 [(64.04 +/- 15.82) ml/min vs. (56.79 +/- 14.50) ml/min, P = 0.019]post-procedure respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High dose atorvastatin use before angiography is superior than low dose atorvastatin on attenuating contrast induced renal dysfunction.</p>

Advance in the study of compounds inducing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 / 药学学报

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cellular stress protein, and its expression plays an important regulatory role in a lot of physiological and pathological processes. Although the expression of HO-1 in most tissues of body is low, a number of clinical and pharmacological experiments have proved that many compounds can induce HO-1 expression. The increase of HO-1 expression is the result of regulating different signaling pathways and transcription factors, and this induction of HO-1 is suggested to be partially therapeutic efficacy of these compounds. This article summarizes some kinds of compounds in this field of research at home and abroad over the last 10 years, and provides a brief analysis of the mechanism.

A new monoterpene glycoside from active fraction (DSS-A-N-30) of Danggui Shaoyao San / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of an active fraction (DSS-A-N-30) from Danggui Shaoyao San.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>DSS-A-N30 was prepared by macroporous resin chromatography, the compound was isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and RPC-18, the structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A new monoterpene glycoside was isolated and identified from DSS-A-N-30.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new monoterpene glycoside was identified as 4"-hydroxyl-albiflorin.</p>

Ideas of systems biology on study of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the scientific therapeutics derived from the traditional Chinese physician's considerable clinical practice during the long history, with the characteristic of significant clinical therapeutic effects. The therapeutic philosophy of TCM is integrative medicine and pattern differentiation. The ideas of systems biology on the study of TCM were formed after the micro-and macro-outcome of systems biology being used into the practice of study on TCM. It is very important for the inheritance and development of TCM to disclose the basic mechanism of the clinical therapeutic effects of TCM and find new drugs, from the herbal preparation, pharmacology and pharmacokinetic to drug development using modern science technologies based on the theory of TCM.