RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To use computed tomography image analysis of iterative reconstruction algorithm to understand effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation of quadriceps on motor function rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: After total knee arthroplasty, 104 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The treatment group comprised 52 patients. The quadriceps femoris was stimulated by neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and patients were required to actively extend the knee along with the current stimulation. In the second group, which received cutaneous nerve electrical stimulation, 2 sets of electrodes were placed on knee pain points. All patients participated in conventional rehabilitation and were discharged from the hospital a mean 14.89 ± 3.65 days after treatment. Visual analog scale, range of motion of knee joint, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Score were evaluated before discharge. The mean interval between follow-up evaluations after discharge was 9.5 months. Knee Society Score and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Score were assessed during follow-up. RESULTS: Visual analog scale scores of treatment and control groups at discharge were 18.11 ± 9.66 and 16.13 ± 4.25, and active range of motion of the knee joint was 103.21° ± 15.44° and (99.21° ± 15.19°, respectively. Limitation of active knee extension in the treatment group was 1.93° ± 3.47°, which was significantly smaller than in the control group (6.26° ± 4.28°). CONCLUSIONS: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the quadriceps muscle early after total knee arthroplasty helps to improve the function of the knee extension device and accelerate functional rehabilitation. Computed tomography has found that changes in tibial subchondral bone plate and subchondral cancellous bone in patients with knee osteoarthritis are mainly due to destruction of ultrastructural homeostasis. This change may be the cause of knee osteoarthritis.