RESUMO
A reasonable method for the quality control of tablets of Ginkgo biloba leaves was established in this paper. The total flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones of G. biloba tablets were quantified by HPLC. Totally, 16 batches of the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves were determined. Among of them, 2 batches were unqualified in the content of total flavonol glycosides, and 3 batches were unqualified in the content of terpene lactones. A validated HPLC fingerprint method was established to evaluate the commercially available tablets of G. biloba leaves with the assistance of LC-MS. Sixteen batches showed the similarity of 0.763-0.989. There were 31 fingerprint chromatogram peaks were identified as flavonoids compositions by LC-MS. This provides a research idea for the quality control of tablets of G. biloba leaves.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Ginkgo biloba/química , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Folhas de Planta/química , Controle de Qualidade , Comprimidos/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different pH on rectum permeability of chlorogenic acid and geniposide. METHOD: Four kinds of Reduning suppositories of different pH were separated and put into the rectum to study the suppositories in vitro and the content of chlorogenic acid and geniposide samples was determined by HPLC to calculate the permeation in 24 hours. RESULT: With increase of pH within 2.5-7.4, the steady state flux of chlorogenic acid was increased, but the steady state flux of geniposidesamples was steady. CONCLUSION: Adjusted the pH can increase the rectum permeability of active ingredients in Reduning auppositories.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacocinética , Reto/metabolismo , Supositórios/farmacocinética , Animais , Ácido Clorogênico/farmacocinética , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Iridoides/farmacocinética , Masculino , Permeabilidade , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
With the diversion rate of ginkgolide A, B, K as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the amount of activated carbon, ad- sorption time, mix rate, and adsorption temperature were selected as factors, orthogonal design which based on the evaluation method of information entropy was used to optimize activated carbon adsorption technology of ginkgo diterpene lactones meglumine injection. Opti- mized adsorption conditions were as follows: adsorbed 30 min with 0.2% activated carbon in 25 °C, 40 r ·min⻹, validation test re- sult display. The optimum extraction condition was stable and feasible, it will provide a basis for ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection' activated carbon adsorption process.
Assuntos
Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Diterpenos/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Ginkgo biloba/química , Lactonas/química , Adsorção , Carvão Vegetal/química , Química Farmacêutica/instrumentação , Diterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
CONTEXT: Hyptis suaveolens (Linn.) Poit., Hyptis rhomboidea Mart. et Gal., and Hyptis brevipes Poit., are three species of Hyptis Jacq. (Lamiaceae). Hyptis suaveolens is used for the treatment of fever, headache, gastrointestinal bloating and rheumatism in the traditional folk medicine; Hyptis rhomboidea for hepatitis, ulcer and swollen poison; and Hyptis brevipes for asthma and malaria. OBJECTIVE: To characterize chemical compositions of the oils from three Hyptis species and evaluate their potential antimicrobial, radical scavenging activities and toxicities against brine shrimp. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the tube double-dilution technique. The antioxidant activities were investigated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and toxicities by the brine shrimp bioassay. RESULTS: Forty-seven, 33 and 28 constituents of oils isolated, respectively, from H. suaveolens, H. rhomboidea and H. brevipes were identified. Among the essential oils, the strongest antioxidant activity was exhibited by H. brevipes with an SC50 value of 2.019 ± 0.25 µg mL⻹. The H. brevipes oil exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity (3.125-6.25 µg mL⻹) on pathogens employed in the assay. They all showed significant toxicities with median lethal concentration (LC50) values of 62.2 ± 3.07 µg mL⻹, 65.9 ± 6.55 µg mL⻹ and 60.8 ± 9.04 µg mL⻹, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The three Hyptis species oils possess strong antimicrobial activities and toxicities. Hyptis rhomboidea and H. brevipes showed considerable antioxidant activity compared to the positive control.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Hyptis/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antioxidantes/efeitos adversos , Artemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Bioensaio , China , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Etnofarmacologia , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/efeitos adversos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Óleos Voláteis/efeitos adversos , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/químicaRESUMO
Anthocyanins, copiously distributed in a variety of colored fruits and vegetables, are probably the most important group of visible plant pigments besides chlorophyll. And the mulberry fruit is one of the anthocyanins-rich fruits. Total flavonols, total phenolic acids and anthocyanins contents of ten varieties mulberry juice purification (MJP) and mulberry marc purification (MMP) were determined. The highest content was 965.63±4.90 mg RE/g, 690.83±7.38 mg GAE/g and 272.00±1.20 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g FW, respectively. Moreover, MJP and MMP exhibited high antioxidant activity, including total force reduction (TRP), Fe³âº reducing power (FRAP) and DPPH ⢠radical scavenging capacity. In addition, the anti-fatigue activity of MJP and MMP was determined through mice-burden swimming experiments. Interestingly, the antioxidant and anti-fatigue capacities of MMP were much higher than those of MJP. The experimental results suggested that the generally discarded mulberry marc had greater value of development and utilization as food processing waste.