Characterization of Secondary Metabolites from Mycelial Cultures of Black Morel Mushroom Morchella importuna (Ascomycota).

Species of the genus Morchella are highly prized worldwide for their excellent flavor and high medicinal value. In recent years, artificial cultivations of medicinal fungi with many advantages have elicited great interest as a promising alternative to produce certain valuable metabolites. Therefore, the secondary metabolites of fermented M. importuna belonging to the black morel clade isolated from China were investigated. The strain was cultured in a fermentation tank in PDB liquid medium by two-step method. The mycelia and fermentation broth were extracted by ethyl acetate. The secondary metabolites were separated and purified by repeated silica gel column chromatography. Structures of compounds were determined by NMR data and references. One new natural compound (1) and six known compounds (2-7) were obtained. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 were first isolated from genus Morchella and compounds 3, 6, and 7 are first isolated from species M. importuna.

Investigation of Chemical Compounds and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity of Oudemansiella raphanipes (Agaricomycetes) Based on Fermentation.

Oudemansiella raphanipes, an edible medicinal mushroom, is very popular in the market. With the development of technology, liquid fermentation is becoming more and more popular in edible fungi cultivation. Strain O. raphanipes was cultured by submerged fermentation and secondary metabolites were investigated simultaneously. Six chemical constituents including two unsaturated fatty acids (1-2), one ergosterol (3), one phenol (4), and two benzamides (5-6) were acquired from ethyl acetate extract. Their structures were mainly elucidated by NMR spectral data and known products. All compounds were isolated from O. raphanipes for the first time. DPPH radical scavenging activity was evaluated. Orcinol (4) exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity; its free radical scavenging rate can reach up to 80% of 20 mg/mL. 2-pyruvoybenzamide (5) and 2-(2-hydroxypropanamido) benzamide (6) showed less active antioxidant capacity.

New pyrazinoquinazoline alkaloids Isolated from a culture of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia QB-77.

Two new pyrazinoquinazoline alkaloids, epi-fiscalin D (1) and epi-fiscalin E (2), as well as three known analogues, norquinadoline A (3), quinadoline A (4), and fiscalin C (5), were isolated from ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of Stentrophomonas maltophilia QB-77. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analysis including UV, HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR experiments. All the isolated compounds were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines (SMMC-7721, MCF-7, HL-60, SW480, and A-549) and antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.