Chalcogen Atom-Modulated Croconaine for Efficient NIR-II Photothermal Theranostics.

Organic dye-based agents with near-infrared (NIR)-II absorption have great potential for cancer theranostics because of the deeper tissue penetration and good biocompatibility. However, proper design is required to develop NIR-II-absorbing dyes with good optical properties. We proposed to construct chalcogen atom-modulated croconaine for NIR-II light-triggered photothermal theranostics. By introducing different chalcogen atoms (O, S, Se, or Te) into the structure of croconaine, the light absorption of croconaine can be precisely regulated from the NIR-I to the NIR-II range due to the heavy-atom effect. Especially, Te-substituted croconaine (CRTe) and its nanoformulations exhibit superior NIR-II responsiveness, a high photothermal conversion efficiency (70.6%), and good photostability. With their favorable tumor accumulation, CRTe-NPs from tumor regions can be visualized by NIR-II optoacoustic systems with high resolution and high contrast; meanwhile, their superior photothermal performance also contributes to efficient cell killing and tumor elimination upon 1064 nm laser irradiation. Therefore, this work provides an efficient strategy for the molecular design of NIR-II organic photothermal agents.

Cytokine Storm in Acute Viral Respiratory Injury: Role of Qing-Fei-Pai-Du Decoction in Inhibiting the Infiltration of Neutrophils and Macrophages through TAK1/IKK/NF-[Formula: see text]B Pathway.

COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to global public health since its outbreak. The Qing-Fei-Pai-Du decoction (QFPDD), a Chinese herbal formula, is widely used in China to treat COVID-19. It exerts an impressive therapeutic effect by inhibiting the progression from mild to critical disease in the clinic. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses elicit similar pathological processes. Their severe manifestations, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ failure (MOF), and viral sepsis, are correlated with the cytokine storm. During flu infection, QFPDD reduced the lung indexes and downregulated the expressions of MCP-1, TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6, and IL-1[Formula: see text] in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lungs, or serum samples. The infiltration of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes in lungs was decreased dramatically, and lung injury was ameliorated in QFPDD-treated flu mice. In addition, QFPDD also inhibited the polarization of M1 macrophages and downregulated the expressions of IL-6, TNF-[Formula: see text], MIP-2, MCP-1, and IP-10, while also upregulating the IL-10 expression. The phosphorylated TAK1, IKK[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], and I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] and the subsequent translocation of phosphorylated p65 into the nuclei were decreased by QFPDD. These findings indicated that QFPDD reduces the intensity of the cytokine storm by inhibiting the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway during severe viral infections, thereby providing theoretical and experimental support for its clinical application in respiratory viral infections.

DNAzyme-Derived Aptamer Reversely Regulates the Two Types of Enzymatic Activities of Covalent-Organic Frameworks for the Colorimetric Analysis of Uranium.

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-mimetic activity. It is known that DNA can interact with various nanozymes in different ways, enhancing or inhibiting the activity of nanozymes, which can be used to develop various biosensors. In this work, we synthesized a photosensitive covalent-organic framework (Tph-BT) as a nanozyme, and its oxidase and peroxidase activities could be reversely regulated by surface modification of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) for the colorimetric detection of UO22+. Tph-BT exhibits excellent oxidase activity and weak peroxidase activity, and it is surprising to find that the UO22+-specific DNA aptamer can significantly inhibit the oxidase activity while greatly enhancing the peroxidase activity. The present UO22+ interacts with the DNA aptamer to form secondary structures and detaches from the surface of Tph-BT, thereby restoring the enzymatic activity of Tph-BT. Based on the reversed regulation effects of the DNA aptamer on the two types of enzymatic activities of Tph-BT, a novel "off-on" and "on-off" sensing platform can be constructed for the colorimetric analysis of UO22+. This research demonstrates that ssDNA can effectively regulate the different types of enzymatic activities of single COFs and achieve the sensitive and selective colorimetric analysis of radionuclides by the naked eye.

Sorption and distribution performance of organophosphorus compound (Adenosine 5'-monophosphate)on marine sediments.

In this paper, the kinetics and thermodynamics of Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) sorption on the sediments obtained from the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent areas were studied, in combination with the effects of the sediments' properties and media conditions. The kinetics curves could be described by a two-compartment first-order equation, and the equilibrium isotherms fitted well with the modified Langmuir and Freundlich models. The analysis of organic phosphorus (OP) fractions changes after sorption indicated that the contents of exchangeable or loosely sorbed PO increased most significantly. Higher organic matter (OM) of the sediments were favorable for the sorption ability. It was also found that the content of OP and OM in the sediments showed an obvious positive correlation, indicating that organic matter rather than Fe/Al oxides played an important role in the migration of OP in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent area. Temperature, salinity and pH of the media influenced the sorption of AMP significantly. Increase of temperature was of benefit to the sorption of AMP, which was a spontaneous and exothermic process according to the calculations of the thermodynamic parameters. The sorption capacity was higher at a moderate salinity in the range of our study. With the pH changing from 3 to 10, the sorption capacity exhibited as a "U-trend" curve.

Chemical comparison and discrimination of two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix, Angelica dahurica and Angelica dahurica var. formosana, by HPLC-Q/TOF-MS and quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker.

INTRODUCTION: Angelica dahurica(BZ) and Angelica dahurica var. formosana(HBZ) are two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. Although BZ and HBZ are commonly used herbal medicines with great medicinal and dietary values, study on their phytochemicals and bioactive compositions is limited. OBJECTIVE: To compare the chemical compositions of BZ and HBZ and find the chemical makers for discrimination and quality evaluation of the two botanical origins of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. METHODOLOGY: A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was established for chemical profiling of BZ and HBZ. Then, a quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker method was developed for simultaneous determination of nine bioactive coumarins (xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, byakangelicin, xanthotoxin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, phellopterin, imperatorin and isoimperatorin). Moreover, chemometrics were performed to compare and discriminate BZ and HBZ samples. RESULTS: A total of 30 coumarins compounds were identified, and the chemical compositions in BZ and HBZ were quite similar. The quantitative analysis showed that there were significant differences in the contents of bioactive coumarins, and the chemometric analysis indicated five coumarins (xanthotoxol, xanthotoxin, bergapten, phellopterin and isoimperatorin) were responsible for the significant differences between BZ and HBZ, which could be used as chemical markers to distinguish the two original plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. CONCLUSION: The present work provided useful information for understanding the chemical differences between BZ and HBZ and also provided feasible methods for quality evaluation and discrimination of herbal medicines originating from multiple botanical sources.

[Dynamic changes of volatile components in Forsythia suspensa at different harvest periods based on GC-MS and chemometrics analysis].

Forsythiae Fructus is the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa and the volatile compounds are its main bioactive components. According to the different harvest periods, F. suspensa can be divided into Qingqiao(mature F. suspensa) and Laoqiao(ripe F. suspensa). To investigate dynamic changes of volatile components in Qingqiao and Laoqiao samples collected at different periods, the present study extracted and analyzed the total volatile oils in Qingqiao and Laoqiao samples(four harvest periods for Qingqiao and two for Laoqiao) by steam distillation method. The results indicated that the content of volatile oils in F. suspensa samples at different harvest periods was significantly different. The content of volatile oils in Qingqiao samples(except those harvested in the first period) was higher than that of Laoqiao, and the content of volatile oils in both Qingqiao and Laoqiao increased with the harvest period. Furthermore, volatile compounds in F. suspensa were qualitatively analyzed by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), and 28 volatile compounds were identified. Chemometrics analyses including principal component analysis(PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were further applied to explore differential markers and dynamic changes of volatile components in Qingqiao and Laoqiao samples at different harvest periods. Finally, four volatile compounds, including α-pinene, sabinene, ß-pinene, and 4-terpenol were selected as potential differential markers. The relative content of α-pinene and 4-terpenol was consistent with that of total volatile oils in the changing trend.

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Immunotherapy by Modulating Immune Regulatory Property in B Cells.

The dysfunction of regulatory B cells (Breg) may result in immune inflammation such as allergic rhinitis (AR); the underlying mechanism is not fully understood yet. Short-chain fatty acids, such as propionic acid (PA), have immune regulatory functions. This study is aimed at testing a hypothesis that modulates PA production alleviating airway allergy through maintaining Breg functions. B cells were isolated from the blood obtained from AR patients and healthy control (HC) subjects. The stabilization of IL-10 mRNA in B cells was tested with RT-qPCR. An AR mouse model was developed to test the role of PA in stabilizing the IL-10 expression in B cells. We found that the serum PA levels were negatively correlated with the serum Th2 cytokine levels in AR patients. Serum PA levels were positively associated with peripheral CD5+ B cell frequency in AR patients; the CD5+ B cells were also IL-10+. The spontaneous IL-10 mRNA decay was observed in B cells, which was prevented by the presence of PA through activating GPR43. PA counteracted the effects of Tristetraprolin (TTP) on inducing IL-10 mRNA decay in B cells through the AKT/T-bet/granzyme B pathway. Administration of Yupinfeng San, a Chinese traditional medical formula, or indole-3-PA, induced PA production by intestinal bacteria to stabilize the IL-10 expression in B cells, which promoted the allergen specific immunotherapy, and efficiently alleviated experimental AR. In summary, the data show that CD5+ B cells produce IL-10. The serum lower PA levels are associated with the lower frequency of CD5+ B cells in AR patients. Administration with Yupinfeng San or indole-3-PA can improve Breg functions and alleviate experimental AR.

Facile Construction of Covalent Organic Framework Nanozyme for Colorimetric Detection of Uranium.

2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) have been recognized as a novel class of photoactive materials owing to their extended π-electron conjugation and high chemical stabilities. Herein, a new covalent organic framework (Tph-BDP) is facilely synthesized by using a porphyrin derivative and an organic dye BODIPY derivative (5,5-difluoro-2,8-diformyl-1,3,7,9-tetramethyl-10-phenyl-5H-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazabori-nin-4-ium-5-uide) as monomers for the first time, and their unique photosensitive properties endow them excellent simulated oxidase activity under 635 nm laser irradiation that can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Further findings demonstrate that the presence of uranium (UO22+ ) can coordinate with imines of the oxidation products of TMB, thus modulating the charge transfer process of the colored products accompanied with intensive aggregation and remarkable color fading. This research provides a preparation strategy for COFs with excellent photocatalytic properties and nanozyme activity, and broadens the applications of the simple colorimetric methods for sensitive and selective radionuclide detection.

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Bioactive Steroidal Saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma.

In the present study, a simple and environmentally friendly extraction method based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) was established to extract four bioactive steroidal saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma (DNR). A total of twenty-one types of choline chloride, betaine, and L-proline based NADESs were tailored, and the NADES composed of 1:1 molar ratio of choline chloride and malonic acid showed the best extraction efficiency for the four steroidal saponins compared with other NADESs. Then, the extraction parameters for extraction of steroidal saponins by selected tailor-made NADES were optimized using response surface methodology and the optimal extraction conditions are extraction time, 23.5 min; liquid-solid ratio, 57.5 mL/g; and water content, 54%. The microstructure of the DNR powder before and after ultrasonic extraction by conventional solvents (water and methanol) and the selected NADES were observed using field emission scanning electron microscope. In addition, the four steroidal saponins were recovered from NADESs by D101 macroporous resin with a satisfactory recovery yield between 67.27% and 79.90%. The present research demonstrates that NADESs are a suitable green media for the extraction of the bioactive steroidal saponins from DNR, and have a great potential as possible alternatives to organic solvents for efficiently extracting bioactive compounds from natural products.

[Dynamic changes of volatile components of Qiai from different harvest time based on GC-MS and chemometrics analysis].

Artemisiae Argyi Folium, the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi, has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines for a long time. Qiai is one of the top-geoherb of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Qiai contains various bioactive constituents, such as volatile oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Phytochemical studies demonstrated that volatile compounds are the main bioactive constituents in Qiai. Try to investigate dynamic changes of volatile components of Qiai from different harvest time and explore the optimum harvest time of Qiai, in this study, the contents of total volatile oils in Qiai collected from five different harvest time were analyzed by steam distillation method. The results showed that the contents of volatile oils of Qiai were higher in the third harvest time(around the Dragon Boat Festival), which is basically consistent with the traditional harvest time. Furthermore, a sensitive method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was established for qualitative analysis of volatile compounds in Qiai, and a total of thirty volatile compounds were identified. Chemometrics methods including principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminate analysis(OPLS-DA) were applied to explore chemical markers and dynamic changes of volatile components in Qiai from different harvest time, and the results indicated that there were obvious differences in the relative contents of volatile compounds of Qiai samples from different harvest time. Eight volatile compounds, including α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, D-camphor, trans-carveol, α-copaene, isobornylisobutyrate, humulene, and caryophyllene oxide were selected as potential chemical markers. Among the eight chemical markers, the relative contents of α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, α-copaene and caryophyllene oxide were higher in the third harvest period(around the Dragon Boat Festival), which is consistent with the contents of total volatile oils. The present study could provide the basis for investigating the optimum harvest time of Qiai, and might be useful for the quality control of this herbal medicine.

Identification of antigen-specific neutrophils in the tonsils with recurrent acute inflammation.

The pathogenesis of recurrent acute tonsillitis (Rtn) is to be further investigated. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) often associate with the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammation. This study aims to identify the antigen-specific PMNs (sPMNs) isolated from the tonsillar tissues with recurrent acute inflammation. In this study, CD66b+ PMNs were isolated from surgically removed tonsils (40 tonsils were from 20 Rtn patients; 24 tonsils were from 12 tonsil tumour patients) by flow cytometry cell sorting. sPMNs were identified through immunological approaches. We found that compared with the control tonsil samples (from marginal non-tumour tissues of tonsil cancer), Rtn samples showed higher PMN frequency, higher levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE), in which positive correlation was detected between the inflammatory scores in the Rtn tissues and PMN counts (r = .7352; p = .0002), or MPO (r = .6565, p = .0017), or NE (r = .6687, p = .0013). Upon exposure to tonsillar tissue protein extracts in the culture, a portion of Rtn PMNs was activated and released inflammatory mediators. A complex of tonsillar tissue-specific IgG and FcγRI was observed on the surface of Rtn PMNs; these PMNs could specifically recognize the Rtn tissue extracts and were designated the tonsillar antigen-specific PMNs (sPMNs). A signal transduction pathway of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-nuclear factor of T cell activation (NFAT) was activated in sPMNs after exposure to Rtn tissue extracts. In summary, a fraction of sPMN in the Rtn tonsillar tissues was identified and characterized. The sPMNs can be activated upon exposure to tonsil-specific antigens. These sPMNs may contribute to the Rtn pathogenesis.

Effectiveness of rehabilitation training combined acupuncture for the treatment of neurogenic bladder secondary to spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND: This study will aim to assess the effectiveness of the rehabilitation training (RT) combined acupuncture for the treatment of patients with neurogenic bladder (NB) secondary to the spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: We will conduct a comprehensive literature search from the following databases from the inceptions to the present with no language limitation: PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, VIP, WANGFANG, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Additionally, we will also search gray literature, including dissertations and conference proceedings. RevMan V.5.3 software will be used for the study selection, assessment of bias of bias, and data synthesis. RESULTS: This study will synthesize the available evidence of RT combined with acupuncture for NB secondary to SCI, including episodes of urinary incontinence, urinary retention, urinary tract infection, bladder overactivity, quality of life, and adverse events. CONCLUSION: This study will determine whether RT combined acupuncture is an effective and safety therapy for NB secondary to SCI. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019146127.

[Effect of auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of auricula-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara. METHODS: A total of 1000 primiparas who were elective for cesarean section were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 500 cases in each one. 1 h before surgery and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, individualized music relaxation intervention was given for 1 h in the two groups. On the basis of the treatment, auricular-point pressure was added at Pizhixia (AT4), Shenmen (TF4), Xin (CO15), Zigong (uterus), Luanchao (ovary), Neishengzhiqi (TF2) in the observation group. Each point was pressed for 1 min each time, repeated once every 15 min, the force is from light to heavy, and it is better to have a feeling of distension, sourness and radiation in the auricle. The scores of anxiety self-rating scale, visual analog scale (VAS), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels were observed in the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 973 primiparas completed the clinical study in the end, including 488 patients in the observation group and 485 patients in the control group. Compared to enrollment, the scores of anxiety self-rating scale before entering the operating room in the two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the observation group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). Entering the operating room and tracheal extubation, the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the primiparas in the observation group were more stable than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Entering the operating room, 1 h into the surgery and 3 h after surgery, the thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels of the primiparas in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy can reduce the perioperative stress response in primipara and promote the improvement of psychological, physiological and emotional.

Diagenesis of sulfur, iron and phosphorus in sediments of an urban bay impacted by multiple anthropogenic perturbations.

Solid-phase speciation and porewater chemistry measured by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique were used to understand the diagenesis of sulfur (S), iron (Fe), and phosphorus (P) in sediments of Jiaozhou Bay (China), which has been impacted by multiple anthropogenic perturbations. Despite water eutrophication, sediments of the bay are low in organic carbon and sulfide, but high in unsulfidized Fe(II). Dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) prevails in sediments of the bay, and there is no evidence for responses of S and Fe diagenesis to the water eutrophication, which is largely attributable to unique depositional and diagenetic regimes in association with multiple anthropogenic perturbations. Good coupling of porewater Fe2+ and P in the porewaters suggests that P mobilization is driven mainly by DIR. Low Fe2+/P ratios in porewaters imply that oxidative regeneration of Fe oxides within the upper sediments is incapable of efficiently scavenging upward diffusing P.

Effect of black carbon on sorption and desorption of phosphorus onto sediments.

The sorption behavior of phosphorus onto sediment was investigated with the addition of BC derived from incomplete biomass combustion (PC). The sorption kinetic curves of phosphorus onto PC and sediment could be described by a two-compartment first order equation, and the sorption isotherms fit the Freundlich model well. With increasing amounts of PC added, the sorption capacity increased while the HI did not change much. The distribution of phosphorus forms showed that CaP (ACa-P plus DAP) constituted the highest fraction in the sediment samples. Throughout the sorption process, CaP and OP changed very little, but the Ex-P and FeP increased obviously, and the presence of PC made this increase more significantly. The high specific area and the presence of iron and aluminum, as well as the modification of the sediments surface properties, make the addition of PC be favorable for the sorption of phosphorus onto sediments.

[Effect of auricular acupuncture on postpartum rehabilitation of primipara with cesarean].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the postoperative effect of auricular acupuncture on primipara with cesarean in order to promote postpartum rehabilitation. METHODS: A total of 120 primiparas with cesarean were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each group. The routine treatment and care after surgery were given in the two groups. On the basis treatment, auricular acupuncture was applied at penqiang (TF5), shenmen (TF4), jiaogan (AH6a), pizhixia (AT4), neishengzhiqi(TF2), pi(CO13), wei(CO4) in the observation group, even-needling technique at all points. The needles were retained for 30 min, 3 times a day, the acupuncture was alternately every other day for 5 days continuously. The postpartum pain, anus exhaust time, incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, and postpartum average hospitalization day were recorded and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Twenty-seven cases of postpartum uterine contraction pain (45.0%), 25 cases of wound pain (41.7%), 19 cases of breast distending pain (31.7%) and 11 cases of muscle soreness (18.3%) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than 38 cases (63.3%), 36 cases (60.0%), 30 cases (50.0%) and 21 cases (35.0%) respectively in the control group (P<0.05). The anus exhaust time in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the average hospitalization time was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Auricular acupuncture can effectively relieve postpartum pain in primipara with cesarean, promote postpartum exhaust and shorten hospitalization days, and reduce the incidence of postpartum complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, it is conducive to postpartum rehabilitation.

[Study on difference of chemical constituents of Qiai in different harvest periods].

Artemisiae Argyi Folium,the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi,has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines for a long time. Qiai is one of the top-geoherb of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Trying to investigate dynamic changes of chemical components of Qiai in different harvest periods and explore the optimum harvest time of Qiai,in this study,the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids of 36 batches of Qiai collected in 6 different harvest periods were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. Furthermore,an HPLC method was applied for simultaneous determination of eight bioactive compounds including six phenolic acids( 5-caffeoylquinic acid,3-caffeoylquinic acid,4-caffeoylquinic acid,3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid,3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid) and two flavonoids( jaceosidin and eupatilin) in Qiai samples. The quantitative results indicated that there were some differences in the contents of total flavonoids,total phenolic acids and bioactive compounds of Qiai samples in different harvest periods. The dynamic changes of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids of Qiai in different harvest periods were consistent. The contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids of Qiai samples were higher in the third harvest period( around the Dragon Boat Festival),which is basically consistent with the traditional harvest periods. This present study can provide the basis for determining the suitable harvest time of Qiai,and might be useful for the quality evaluation of this herbal medicine.

[Percutaneous dynamic release in stress position by acupotomy in treating severe scapulohumeral periarthritis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupotomy stress position percutaneous dynamic release for severe shoulder periarthritis. METHODS: From April 2012 to August 2016, 160 patients with severe shoulder periarthritis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Among them, 80 patients in treatment group were treated with acupotomy stress position percutaneous dynamic release including 32 males and 48 females with an average of(52.47±9.04)years old ranging from 40 to 74 years old;the courses of disease was(20.72±9.55)months on average. The other 80 patients in control group were treated with simple joint loosening according to Maitland technique in grade III-IV therapy, once a day, 15 to 20 min each time, and 10 d for 1 course, for a total of 2 courses, including 33 males and 47 females with an average of (53.19±10.18) years old ranging from 42 to 75 years old; the average course of disease was (21.98 ±8.99) months. After operation, the shoulder muscles training and shoulder joint activity training were routinely conducted, the treatment lasted for 3 weeks. The visual analogue scale(VAS) and Constant-Murley shoulder function score were observed and compared between the two groups before treatment and 3 weeks, 3, 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: The VAS scores of the treatment group at 3 weeks, 3 and 6 months after treatment were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). The shoulder joint function Constant-Murley scores of the treatment group at 3 weeks, 3 and 6 months after treatment were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); the result was excellent in 59 cases, good in 18 cases, fair in 3 cases in the treatment group; excellent in 15 cases, good in 31 cases, fair in 23 cases, poor in 11 cases in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of severe shoulder periarthritis with acupotomy stress position percutaneous dynamic release can obviously improve the shoulder joint function and pain, according to the different parts of the shoulder joint pain and function limitation, the corresponding shoulder stress and body position should be designed and maintained during the treatment process, and the angle of stress position gradually increased by loosening the adhesion, which is the key to ensure the curative effect.

In situ, high-resolution DGT measurements of dissolved sulfide, iron and phosphorus in sediments of the East China Sea: Insights into phosphorus mobilization and microbial iron reduction.

Dissolved sulfide, iron (Fe), and phosphorus (P) concentrations in sediments of the East China Sea were simultaneously measured in situ by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique. The results, by combination with solid-phase Fe speciation, were used to characterize the interplays of Fe, S and P. Diverse distributions of dissolved sulfide among the sites are attributable to highly dynamic diagenetic regimes and varying availability of labile organic carbon (OC). The DGT technique provided high-resolution evidence for coexistence of microbial iron reduction (MIR) and sulfate reduction in localized zones, and for Fe-coupled P mobilization. Measured Fe2+/P ratios suggest that Fe2+ reoxidatiion at the oxic zones can serve as an efficient scavenger of P. Empirical estimation indicates that MIR plays an important role in anaerobic OC mineralization in the sediments, which is a combined result of low availability of labile OC, high reactive Fe content, and unsteady diagenetic regimes.

[Effect of Electroacupuncture on the Expression of Hippocampal eNSCs in MCAO Model Rats].

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on hippocampal en- dogenous neural stem cells (eNSCs) expression of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) at different time points, and to observe possible mechanisms of EA for keeping away from damage in acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods MCAO model was pre- pared in male SPF grade SD rats by suture method. Totally 90 rats were divided into the sham-operated group, the model group, and the EA group according to random number table, 30 in each group. Rats in the sham-operated group only received surgical trauma. Rats in the model group only received MCAO I/R injury. Rats in the EA group received EA at Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (DU14) , once per day, 30 min each time. Nerve defects of rats were tested by neural function defect scale at day 1 , 7, 14 of treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, 6 rats were executed randomly from each group. Their hippocampus tissues were isolated. Then the proliferation and differentiation expression of eNSCs in the hippocampus area were detected by immunofluorescence method. Results (1) The scores of nerve function defect scale: The scores of the model group increased at day 1, 7, 14 of treatment, being higher as compared with those of the sham-operated group (P <0. 05). The scores of the EA group were lower than those of the model group at day 1, 7, 14 of treatment (P <0. 05). (2) The expression of BrdU positive cells: Com- pared with the sham-operated group, the expression of BrdU positive cells in the model group were in- creased at day 1, 7, 14 of treatment (P <0. 05). Compared with the model group at each time points, the expression of BrdU positive cells in the EA group were increased more at day 1, 7, 14 of treatment (P < 0. 05). (3) The expression of Nestin positive cells: The expression of Nestin positive cells were in- creased more in the model group than in the sham-operated group at day 1 , 7, 14 of treatment (P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group, the expression of Nestin positive cells increased more in the EA group, but only with statistical difference at day 7 of treatment (P <0. 05). (4) the expression of DCX positive cells: the expression of DCX positive cells were increased more in the model group than in the sham-operated group at day 1 and 7 of treatment (P <0. 05). Compared with the model group, the ex- pression of DCX positive cells were increased more in the EA group at day 7 and 14 of treatment (P < 0. 05). (5) the expression of NeuN positive cells: The expression NeuN of positive cells were increased more in the model group than in the sham-operated group at day 1, 7, and 14 of treatment, but only with statistical difference at day 14 of treatment (P <0. 05). Compared with the model group, the expression of NeuN positive cells were increased more obviously, but only with statistical difference at day 1 and 14 of treatment (P <0.05). (6) the expression of GFAP positive cells: The expression of GFAP positive cells increased more obviously in the model group than in the sham-operated group at day 1 , 7, and 14 of treatment (P <0. 05). Compared with the model group, the expression of GFAP positive cells were not obviously increased in the EA group, but only with statistical difference at day 14 of treatment (P <0. 05). Conclusions The proliferation and differentiation of eNSCs exist in the hippocampus area after cerebral I/R in MCAO model rats. EA could improve the recovery of damaged nerve function. Its possible mecha- nism might lie in that EA could promote the proliferation and differentiation of eNSCs in hippocampus area, inhibit excessive differentiation of eNSCs into astrocytes , promote differentiation of eNSCs into neu- rons, and improve regeneration of nerve cells.