Efficacy of Lianhuaqingwen capsule compared with oseltamivir for influenza A virus infection: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials.

In this meta-analysis, the authors review the results of studies on the efficacy of lianhuaqingwen capsule (LHQW-C) compared with oseltamivir in treating influenza A virus infection. The authors searched PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Data, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from the date of inception until December 31, 2012. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) were also searched. Five randomized, controlled trials were finally included and analyzed in this review. Compared with individuals treated with oseltamivir, this metaanalysis showed that participants treated with LHQW-C had a shorter duration of (1) fever, weighted mean difference (WMD) = -4.65 (95% CI, -8.91 to -0.38; P = .030); (2) cough, WMD = -9.79 (95% CI, -14.61 to -4.97; P < .0001); (3) sore throat, WMD = -13.01 (95% CI, -21.76 to -4.27; P = .004); and (4) body ache, WMD = -16.68 (95% CI, -32.33 to -1.03; P = .040). The review also found that the efficacy of the 2 treatments on viral shedding was similar with WMD = -0.24 (95% CI, -4.79 to 4.31; P = .920). The authors conclude that LHQW-C was superior to oseltamivir in improving the symptoms of influenza A virus infection.

Causes and outcomes of acute liver failure in China.

OBJECTIVES: No extensive investigation has been performed and thus no representative data are available regarding acute liver failure (ALF) in China. This study aims to investigate the causes and outcomes of ALF in China and establish a prognostic model. METHODS: Patients diagnosed as ALF in seven hospitals in different areas of China from January 2007 to December 2012 were retrospectively selected. RESULTS: Of the 177 patients included in this study, 112 (63.28%) eventually died. The common causes of ALF were drug toxicity (43.50%), indeterminate etiology (29.38%) and acute viral hepatitis (11.30%). Additionally, traditional Chinese herbs predominated in the causes of drug-induced ALF (30/77). No patients in this study received liver transplantation. In the established model for predicting death in ALF, four variables were finally selected out, including age (P=0.01), the entry hepatic encephalopathy grade (P=0.04), international normalized ratio (P<0.01) and arterial blood ammonia (P=0.02). Using a threshold value of 0.5683, this model had a sensitivity of 95.24% and a specificity of 91.30%. CONCLUSIONS: Traditional Chinese medicine was a major cause of ALF in China. The spontaneous mortality of ALF was high, whereas the rate of liver transplantation was significantly low. The established prognostic model of ALF had superior sensitivity and specificity.