RESUMO
Frozen shoulder (FS) is a common disorder often treated with Tuina, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We employed proteomics and phosphoproteomics to investigate the mechanisms associated with the treatment of capsule fibrosis in FS rats. We used a method composed of three weeks of cast immobilization to establish a model of FS. We then administered Tuina once daily for 14 days, evaluated glenohumeral range of motion (ROM), assessed histological changes, and identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using proteomics and phosphoproteomics. This study demonstrated that Tuina could improve glenohumeral ROM and reserve capsule fibrosis in FS rats. Proteomics revealed proteins regulated by Tuina belonging to the PI3K-AKT and ECM receptor interaction signaling pathways. Phosphoproteomics detected differentially phosphorylated proteins regulated by Tuina to be enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. The combination of proteomics and phosphoproteomics for Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed that the phosphorylation of Myh3 and Srsf1 with a node degree larger than the average degree were considered the central regulatory protein modulated by Tuina to reverse capsule fibrosis. Thbs1, Vtn, and Tenascin-W were significantly enriched in PI3K-AKT and ECM receptor interaction signaling pathways and highly expressed in model rats. Tuina resulted in reduced expression of these proteins. Our findings demonstrated some of mechanisms behind the reversal of FS capsule fibrosis following Tuina, a scientific medical therapy for FS patients.
Assuntos
Bursite , Relatório de Pesquisa , Humanos , Animais , Ratos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Proteômica , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Bursite/terapiaRESUMO
Frozen shoulder (FS) is a common condition with no defined optimal therapy. Tuina therapy, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) technique used to treat FS patients in Chinese hospitals, has demonstrated excellent results, but its mechanisms are not fully understood. Building on a previous study, this work aimed to develop a Tuina protocol for an FS rat model. We randomly divided 20 SD rats into control (C; n = 5), FS model (M; n = 5), FS model Tuina treatment (MT; n = 5), and FS model oral treatment (MO; n = 5) groups. This study used the cast immobilization method to establish the FS rat model. The effect of Tuina and oral dexamethasone on the glenohumeral range of motion (ROM) was evaluated, and the histological findings were assessed. Our study showed that Tuina and oral dexamethasone were able to improve shoulder active ROM and preserve the structure of the capsule, with Tuina therapy proving to be more effective than oral dexamethasone. In conclusion, the Tuina protocol established in this study was highly effective for FS.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Bursite , Dexametasona , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Manipulações Musculoesqueléticas , Articulação do Ombro , Animais , Ratos , Administração Oral , Bursite/tratamento farmacológico , Bursite/etiologia , Bursite/terapia , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Distribuição Aleatória , Imobilização/efeitos adversos , Imobilização/métodos , Protocolos Clínicos , Manipulações Musculoesqueléticas/métodos , Moldes Cirúrgicos/efeitos adversos , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
It is an appropriate strategy to construct the carrier material with polysaccharide pectin, which is the characteristics of good bio-compatible, safe and non-toxic, avoiding the functional loss of bioactive ingredients and achieve sustained release. However, the loading mechanism of the active ingredient and the release behaviour of the active ingredient from the carrier material is still at the stage of conjecture. In this study, a kind of synephrine-loaded calcium pectinate beads (SCPB) with high encapsulation efficiency (95.6 %), loading capacity (11.5 %) and excellent controlled release behaviour was constructed. The interaction between synephrine (SYN) and quaternary ammonium fructus aurantii immaturus pectin (QFAIP) was revealed by FTIR, NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. An inter-molecular hydrogen bond and Van der Waals forces between 7-OH, 11-OH and 10-NH of SYN and -OH, -C=O and N + (CH3)3 of QFAIP were formed. The release experiment in vitro showed that the QFAIP could effectively avoid the release of SYN in gastric fluid, and also realized the slow and full release of SYN in intestinal tract. Moreover, the release mechanism of SCPB in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) was Fickian diffusion, while in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was a non-Fickian diffusion controlled by both diffusion and skeleton dissolution.
Assuntos
Pectinas , Sinefrina , Pectinas/químicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression has seriously affected the rehabilitation and quality of life of patients, and there is no reliable treatment plan at present. Nursing plays an important role in the recovery of patients, some studies have pointed out that traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy has advantages in improving post-stroke depression and promoting rehabilitation, but it is lack of evidence-based basis. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy on the improvement of post-stroke depression. METHOD: We will search CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library database, and search the randomized controlled trial on traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy in patients with post-stroke depression from the establishment of the database to February 2021. The language is limited to English and Chinese. The quality of the included study is independently extracted and the literature quality is evaluated by 2 researchers. And meta-analysis is performed on the included literature using RevMan5.3 software. RESULT: In this study, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy on the improvement of post-stroke depression is evaluated by patient psychiatric scale score, compliance evaluation, quality of life evaluation and other indicators. CONCLUSION: This study will provide reliable evidence-based basis for establishing a reasonable and effective nursing scheme for patients with post-stroke depression. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval will not be required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/KA7G3.
Assuntos
Depressão/terapia , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/enfermagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/psicologia , Adulto , Gerenciamento de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Metanálise como AssuntoRESUMO
Liver injury mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can cause many kinds of liver diseases including hepatic glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, and long term liver injury would lead to cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. Therefore, effective drugs for treating liver injury are urgent in need. Berberine is a multifunctional drug of traditional Chinese medicine, and it can improve various liver diseases. To study the effects of berberine on ER stress-induced liver injury, tunicamycin was administrated to C57BL/6 mice with or without berberine pre-treatment. H&E staining was used to check the morphology and histology of liver tissues. The serum and liver tissues were harvested to test biochemical indexes and the expression levels of genes related with glucose and lipid metabolism, ER stress and unfold protein response (UPR). 16S rDNA sequence technology was conducted to check the fecal microbiota. Pre-administration with berberine could alleviate the excess accumulation of triglyceride (TG) in the liver of mice treated with tunicamycin. Tunicamycin administration caused significant increase of the expression level of genes related to ER stress and UPR, such as CHOP, Grp78 and ATF6, but the berberine pre-treatment could significantly downregulate the expression level of these genes. Tunicamycin administration resulted in increased ratio of Prevotellaceae to Erysipelotrichaceae at the family level of the fecal microbiota in mice, and this trend was reversed by the pre-treatment of berberine. These results demonstrated that berberine could improve liver injury induced hepatic metabolic disorders through relieving ER stress in hepatocytes and regulating gut microbiota in mice.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Xiao-Ban-Xia-Tang decoction (XBXT), an antiemetic formula in traditional Chinese medicine, has been proved to be a potential treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), but the underlying mechanisms are not adequately understood. This study aimed to investigate changes in the ileum transcriptome after cisplatin and XBXT treatment and to reveal whether the antiemetic mechanisms of XBXT are related to its anti-inflammatory effect. METHODS: The pica model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of 6 mg/kg cisplatin in Wistar rats. Tissues from the gastric antrum and ileum were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe gastrointestinal tract pathological changes. Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were altered by cisplatin and reversed by XBXT, the transcriptome data of rat ileum were analyzed by GO, KEGG, and PPI analyses. Several inflammatory DEGs were validated by RT-PCR. RESULTS: XBXT could reduce kaolin intake up to 72 h after modeling and alleviate the inflammatory damage of gastric antrum and ileum induced by cisplatin. According to the transcriptome profile, there were 75 DEGs down-regulated by cisplatin and up-regulated by XBXT and 343 DEGs up-regulated by cisplatin and down-regulated by XBXT. XBXT could blunt the overexpression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin synthesis) in ileum. Enrichment analysis showed that inhibiting overexpression of several conventional inflammation pathways and pro-inflammation cytokines were related to the antiemetic effectiveness of XBXT. CONCLUSIONS: This study implies that inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways and synthesis of serotonin might be potential mechanisms of XBXT's antiemetic effect against CINV.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antieméticos/farmacologia , Cisplatino/toxicidade , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , RNA-Seq , Animais , Citocinas/análise , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Trato Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Trato Gastrointestinal/patologia , Masculino , Pica/induzido quimicamente , Pica/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Triptofano Hidroxilase/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
Quantitative measurement of process-related impurities is a critical safety requirement for the production of drug substances of vaccine and therapeutic biologics. A simple and sensitive HPLC method has been developed for separation and quantitation of residual valproic acid (VPA) used in the cell transfection procedure for the manufacturing of an influenza vaccine. The method is comprised of a modified Dole liquid phase extraction followed by a quick pre-column derivatization using 2-bromoacetophenone. Nonanoic acid (NNA) is used as the internal standard (IS) and the quantification is performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. This new method can accurately measure as low as 6.8 µg/mL (LOQ) residual VPA in the vaccine drug substance.
Assuntos
Contaminação de Medicamentos , Vacinas contra Influenza , Ácido Valproico/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Cromatografia de Fase Reversa/métodos , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Vacinas contra Influenza/análise , Vacinas contra Influenza/química , Vacinas contra Influenza/normas , Limite de Detecção , Modelos Lineares , Extração Líquido-Líquido/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Cloreto de Sódio/química , Tecnologia Farmacêutica , Transfecção , Ácido Valproico/química , Ácido Valproico/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is one of the primary components of garlic and it exhibits a broad range of biological activities. In the present study, the effects of DADS on lipid metabolism and its potential role in the modulation of the gut microbiome were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin and oilred O staining were used to assess the liver and intestinal tissues of mice treated with DADS. The expression of lipid metabolismassociated genes was measured using reverse transcriptionquantitative PCR (RTqPCR). The effects of DADS on the gut microbiome were measured using 16S recombinant (r)DNA gene analysis. The results revealed that the serum nonesterified free fatty acids, high density lipoproteincholesterol, low density lipoproteincholesterol, serum total cholesterol, liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of the mice fed with a lowdose of DADS was significantly higher when compared with the control. Hematoxylin and eosin and oilred O staining demonstrated that DADS induced fatty liver in mice. The results of the RTqPCR revealed that the expression levels of a number of lipid metabolismassociated genes were altered in the livers of mice treated with DADS. The 16S rDNA gene analysis demonstrated that the mice fed on a normal diet treated with a lowdose of DADS had decreased levels of bacteria from the Bacteroidetes phyla and increased levels of bacteria from the Firmicutes phyla. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed the top 20 pathways enriched in the lowdose DADS group of mice fed with a normal diet. In the present study, lowdose DADS induced fatty liver and altered the gut microbiota, similar to the phenotype induced by a high fat diet, by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism associated genes.
Assuntos
Compostos Alílicos/farmacologia , Dissulfetos/farmacologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Alho/química , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/microbiologia , Obesidade/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Triglicerídeos/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Berberine (BBR) is a traditional Chinese medicine normally used for gastroenteritis, and recent research found that it could fight against tumors. In this study, we focused on integrating miRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells treated by BBR to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: WST-1 assay and flow cytometry were used to check the effects of BBR on SGC-7901. miRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing were used to establish the miRNA and mRNA profiles of BBR-treated SGC-7901. RESULTS: The results showed that BBR could inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells and induce G1 arrest in cell cycle phase and apoptosis. A total of 1,960 upregulated genes and 4,837 downregulated genes were identified in the RNA sequencing and 347 upregulated and 93 downregulated miRNAs in the miRNA sequencing. A total of 78 novel miRNAs were also found. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the genes were related to pathways in cancer and metabolism. We also analyzed the miRNA-mRNA network of genes grouped into cell cycle, apoptosis, inflammation, metabolism, cell junction, acetylization process, TGF-ß pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: BBR could inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells and induce apoptosis. Integrated analysis of microRNA-mRNA profiles is a promising approach to validate gene expression patterns associated with malignant phenotype and study the mechanisms of anticancer.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Berberina/farmacologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Pontos de Checagem da Fase G1 do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Regulação para Cima/efeitos dos fármacos , Via de Sinalização Wnt/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
SCOPES: To investigate the effects of high-fat diet enriched with lard oil or soybean oil on liver endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation markers in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and estimate the influence of following low-fat diet feeding. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male SD rats were fed with standard low-fat diet (LF, nâ=â10) and two isoenergentic high-fat diets enriched with lard (HL, nâ=â45) or soybean oil (HS, nâ=â45) respectively for 10 weeks. Then DIO rats from HL and HS were fed either high-fat diet continuously (HL/HL, HS/HS) or switched to low-fat diet (HL/LF, HS/LF) for another 8 weeks. Rats in control group were maintained with low-fat diet. Body fat, serum insulin level, HOMA-IR and ectopic lipid deposition in liver were increased in HL/HL and HS/HS compared to control, but increased to a greater extent in HL/HL compared to HS/HS. Markers of ER stress including PERK and CHOP protein expression and phosphorylation of eIF2α were significantly elevated in HL/HL group while phosphorylation of IRE1α and GRP78 protein expression were suppressed in both HL/HL and HS/HS. Besides, inflammatory signals (OPN, TLR2, TLR4 and TNF-α) expressions significantly increased in HL/HL compared to others. Switching to low-fat diet reduced liver fat deposition, HOMA-IR, mRNA expression of TLR4, TNF-α, PERK in both HL/LF and HS/LF, but only decreased protein expression of OPN, PERK and CHOP in HL/LF group. In addition, HL/LF and HS/LF exhibited decreased phosphorylation of eIF2α and increased phosphorylation of IRE1α and GRP78 protein expression when compared with HL/HL and HS/HS respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Lard oil was more deleterious in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis via promoting ER stress and inflammation responses in DIO rats, which may be attributed to the enrichment of saturated fatty acid. Low-fat diet was confirmed to be useful in recovering from impaired insulin sensitivity and liver fat deposition in this study.
Assuntos
Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Obesidade/imunologia , Óleo de Soja/administração & dosagem , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animais , Dieta com Restrição de Gorduras , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/genética , Endorribonucleases/genética , Endorribonucleases/imunologia , Fator de Iniciação 2 em Eucariotos/genética , Fator de Iniciação 2 em Eucariotos/imunologia , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/imunologia , Inflamação/dietoterapia , Inflamação/etiologia , Inflamação/imunologia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Insulina/sangue , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Complexos Multienzimáticos/genética , Complexos Multienzimáticos/imunologia , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Obesidade/etiologia , Obesidade/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/imunologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/imunologia , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/imunologia , Fator de Transcrição CHOP/genética , Fator de Transcrição CHOP/imunologia , eIF-2 Quinase/genética , eIF-2 Quinase/imunologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To examine the effect of different dietary fat types on osteopontin (OPN) expressions and inflammation of adipose tissues in diet-induced obese rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one control group fed standard diet (LF, n = 10) and two high-fat diet groups fed isoenergy diet rich in lard or soybean oil (HL or HS, n = 45 each). Diet-induced obese rats in HL and HS group were then subdivided into two groups either continuously fed high-fat diet or switched to low-fat diet for 8 more weeks. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, and OPN concentrations were assayed and QUICKI was calculated; the expression of OPN, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κB, and F4/80 in adipose tissue was determined. RESULTS: Both high-fat diets lead to comparable development of obesity characterized by insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. Obese rats continuously fed high-fat diet rich in lard oil exhibited the highest fasting serum insulin level and adipose tissue OPN, F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB expression level. In both high-fat diet groups, switching to low-fat diet resulted in less intra-abdominal fat mass, decreased expression of F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB, while decreased OPN expression was only observed in lard oil fed rats after switching to low-fat diet. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing diet fat or replacing lard oil with soybean oil in high-fat diet alleviates obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance by attenuating the upregulation of OPN and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue induced by high-fat diet.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo Branco/metabolismo , Dieta com Restrição de Gorduras , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Gorduras na Dieta/efeitos adversos , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Osteopontina/metabolismo , Óleo de Soja/uso terapêutico , Tecido Adiposo Branco/imunologia , Tecido Adiposo Branco/patologia , Adiposidade , Animais , Citocinas/sangue , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Regulação para Baixo , Hiperinsulinismo/etiologia , Hiperinsulinismo/prevenção & controle , Resistência à Insulina , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/imunologia , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/metabolismo , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/patologia , Ativação de Macrófagos , Masculino , Obesidade/imunologia , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/patologia , Osteopontina/sangue , Osteopontina/genética , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Óleo de Soja/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Soja/efeitos adversos , Organismos Livres de Patógenos EspecíficosRESUMO
Potassium antimonite was used to locate calcium in the fertile and sterile anthers of a genic male sterile Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) to probe the relation between Ca(2+) and fertility and sterility of anthers of the cabbage. During fertile anther development, calcium granules increase in number in anther wall cells after meiosis, and then appeared also in locule, suggesting a calcium influx into locule from anther wall cells (Plate I-4). Then the number of calcium granules in microspore cytoplasm also increased at early stage (Plate II-1), accumulated mainly on the membrane of small vacuoles which were fusing to form big ones to make a polarity in the cell and to prepare asymmetric division of microspore (Plate II-3,4). After microspore division and the big vacuole decomposition, many calcium granules accumulated again on the membrane of the vacuoles (Plate III-1,2), displaying calcium regulates vacuole formation and decomposition during pollen development. In sterile anthers, abnormal distribution of calcium granules first appeared in callus wall of microspore mother cell (Plate IV-1). However, only a few calcium granules appeared in early microspores, which then could not form small vacuoles and finally a big vacuole (Plate IV-2,3). The aborting microspores degenerate by cytoplasm shrinking (Plate IV-5,6). The difference pattern of distribution of calcium granules between the fertile and sterile anthers indicates that anomalies in the distribution of calcium accumulation are correlated with the failure of pollen development and pollen abortion.