[Galangin enhances autophagy by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells].

This study aimed to explore the effects of galangin on energy metabolism and autophagy in gastric cancer MGC803 cells and the underlying mechanism. Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) was used to detect the effects of galangin at different concentrations on via-bility of MGC803 cells after 48 h intervention. Western blot was carried out to measure the effects of galangin on expression of proteins related to autophagy, nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) pathway and energy metabolism, followed by the determination of its effects on mRNA expression of energy metabolism-related proteins by Real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR). The impact of galangin on autophagy was explored using AutophagyGreen dye reagent, with autophagosomes and lysosomes observed under the transmission electron microscope(TEM). Nude mice transplanted with gastric cancer MGC803 cells via subcutaneous injection were randomly divided into the following three groups: control(0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, once a day), 5-fluorouracil(5-FU, 50 mg·kg~(-1), twice a week), and galangin(120 mg·kg~(-1), once a day) groups. The body weight and tumor volume were measured once every three days with a vernier caliper at the same time point by the same person. After 21-d treatment, the tumor tissue was isolated and weighed for the calculation of the tumor-suppressing rate. The comparison with the control group revealed that galangin inhibited the viability of MGC803 cells, up-regulated the protein expression of microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3 B(LC3 B) Ⅱ, inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway-related proteins, and promoted the formation of autophagosomes in MGC803 cells. However, it did not obviously affect the expression of energy metabolism-related proteins. Furthermore, galangin at 120 mg·kg~(-1) significantly reduced the tumor weight and volume in mice, enhanced LC3 BⅡ protein expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway-related proteins. All these have suggested that galangin inhibited the growth of gastric cancer MGC803 cells both in vivo and in vitro, possibly by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and enhancing autophagy.

Protecting action of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with different frequency electroacupuncture on stress reaction in pneumonectomy / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the protective effect of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with different frequency electroacupuncture on stress reaction in pneumonectomy and to explore potential mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients scheduled for pneumonectomy were randomly divided into four groups, named group A, B, C and D, 20 cases in each group. General anesthesia and single lung protective mechanical ventilation were produced in all the groups. They were treated with acupuncture at Houxi (SI 3), Zhigou (TE 6), Neiguan (PC 6), and Hegu (Li 4) 30 min before general anesthesia, and then with Han's acupoint nerve stimulator (HANS-200). The acupuncture needles without needle bodies were pasted on the acupoints and the electroacupuncture were not turned on in group A, and the 2 Hz continuous wave were produced in group B, and 100 Hz continuous wave were produced in group C and the 2 Hz/100 Hz were produced in group D. The supplementary anesthesia medicine during pneumonectomy, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), CD4+ /CD/ in venous blood before and after the surgery, and the contents of epinephrine (E) and cortisol (Cor) in plasma at the time of inter-room and outer-room were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The supplementary fentanyl in group B and C were lower than those in group A and D (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) The MAP in the four groups at intratracheal intubation (T1) were all higher than those at before anesthesia (T0) (all P < 0.01), and the ascending extent in group B, C and D were lower than that in group A (all P < 0.01). The HR at T in group A was higher than that at T0 (P < 0.05) and there were no significant differences in the other groups (all P > 0.05), and the ascending extent in group B and D were lower than that in group A (both P < 0.05). The MAP and HR at the other moment in all the groups were maintained stable. (3) CD4+ /CD8+ in group A after pneumonectomy was lower than that before the surgery (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in the other groups (all P > 0.05). (4) The content of E and Cor after the surgery were all increased (all P < 0.01), and the ascending extent of E in group D was lower than that in group A (P < 0.05), and the ascending level of Cor in group B and D were lower than that in group A (P < 0.01) and group B compared with group C and D were got the same result.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia can attenuate the stress reaction so as to protect organs under the condition of less drug and can alleviates the undulate phenomenon of MAP and HR at intubation and stabilize CD4+ /CD8+ after pneumonectomy. Among them, the 2 Hz and 2 Hz/100 Hz electroacupuncture groups have the comparatively better effects.</p>

Nineteen clinical features of fever in Chinese medicine.

Based on the 4,067 descriptions about fever in the medical records of the well-known Chinese medicine physicians throughout the ages, 19 different clinical features of fever are summarized as follows: chilly fever, high fever, low fever, dull fever, bones fever, alternating chills and fever, tidal fever, head fever, face fever, chest fever, back fever, abdomen fever, waist fever, palms and soles fever, lower extremity fever, afternoon fever, evening fever, postpartum fever, and menstrual fever. Although, some of these fever features have not be paid close attention to in Western medicine, stage-division and classification about fever in Western medicine deserve to be used by Chinese medicine for reference.