Dissimilatory sulfate reduction in an anaerobic biofilm reactor for tofu processing wastewater treatment: Bacterial community and their functional genes.

Dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR) is the key sulfur cycle that transforms sulfate to sulfide. This process leads to odour issues in wastewater treatment. However, few studies have focused on DSR during treating food processing wastewater with high sulfate. This study investigated DSR microbial population and functional genes in an anaerobic biofilm reactor (ABR) treating tofu processing wastewater. The tofu processing wastewater is a common food processing wastewater in Asia. The full-scale ABR was operated for over 120 days in a tofu and tofu-related products manufacturing factory. Mass balance calculations based on the reactor performance indicated that 79.6-85.1 % of the sulfate was transformed into sulfide irrelevant to dissolved oxygen supplementation. Metagenomic analysis revealed 21 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) containing enzymes encoding DSR. The biofilm contained the complete functional genes of DSR pathway in the full-scale ABR, indicating that biofilm could process DSR independently. Comamonadaceae, Thiobacillus, Nitrosomonadales, Desulfatirhabdium butyrativorans, Desulfomonile tiedjei were the dominant DSR species in the ABR biofilm community. Dissolved oxygen supplementation directly inhibited DSR and mitigated HS- production. It was also found that Thiobacillus contained all the function genes encoding every necessary enzyme in DSR, and thus Thiobacillus distribution directly correlated to DSR and the ABR performance.

Novel biocompatible and sensitive visual sensor based on aggregation-induced emission for on-site detection of radioactive uranium in water and live cell imaging.

In consideration of the severe hazards of radioactive uranium pollution, the rapid assessment of uranium in field and in vivo are urgently needed. In this work a novel biocompatible and sensitive visual fluorescent sensor based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was designed for onsite detection of UO22+ in complex environmental samples, including wastewater from Uranium Plant, river water and living cell. The AIE-active sensor (named as TPA-SP) was prepared with a "bottom-up" strategy by introducing a trianiline group (TPA) with a single-bond rotatable helix structure into the salicylaldehyde Schiff-base molecule. The photophysical properties, cytotoxicity test, recognition mechanism and the analytical performance for the detection of UO22+ in actual water samples and cell imaging were systematically investigated. TPA-SP exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity toward UO22+ as well as outstanding anti-interference ability against large equivalent of different ions in a wide effective pH range. A good linear relationship in the UO22+ concentration range of 0.05-1 µM was obtained with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 39.4 nM (9.38 ppb) for uranium detection. The prepared visual sensor showed great potential for fast risk assessment of uranium pollution in environmental systems. In addition, our results also indicated that the TPA-SP exhibited very low cytotoxicity in cells and demonstrated great potential for uranium detection in vivo.

Effect of Sanhuang Tangshenkang on Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Bone Tissue of Diabetic Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Sanhuang Tangshenkang on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the bone tissue of diabetic rats. MethodA high-sugar and high-fat diet was administered for 4 weeks， along with intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared 2% streptozotocin （pH 4.5） at 30 mg·kg-1 body weight to induce a diabetes model in rats. The rats with diabetes were randomly divided into model group， low- and high-dose Sanhuang Tangshenkang groups （12.8， 38.4 g·kg-1）， and Gushukang group （1.8 g·kg-1） according to the blood glucose level. Rats of the same age were fed on a regular diet and assigned to the control group. After 12 weeks of respective treatments with drugs or physiological saline， the fasting blood glucose （FBG） levels of the rats were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect fasting serum insulin （FINS）， bone-specific alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRAP） levels. Micro-computed tomography （Micro-CT） was used to scan the femurs of rats to observe bone tissue microstructure and measure bone mineral density （BMD）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and safranin O/fast green staining were performed to observe pathological changes in the femoral bone tissue. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） and Western blot were used to detect the expression of Wnt3a， low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 （LRP-5）， and β-catenin proteins. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group showed a significant increase in FBG， FINS， and TRAP levels （P<0.01）， a significant decrease in BALP level （P<0.01）， a significant decrease in BMD （P<0.01）， and disorganized， elongated， and sparse bone trabecular structures with fractures and increased lipid droplets. Additionally， the expression of Wnt3a， LRP-5， and β-catenin proteins decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the low- and high-dose Sanhuang Tangshenkang groups showed a reduction in FBG and an increase in BALP （P<0.05）. The low-dose Sanhuang Tangshenkang group also exhibited a decrease in FINS （P<0.05）. All treatment groups showed a significant decrease in TRAP （P<0.01）， varying degrees of improvement in BMD （P<0.05， P<0.01））， increased and denser bone trabeculae with more regular arrangements and reduced lipid droplets， and improved bone microstructure morphology. The average optical density values of Wnt3a， LRP-5， and β-catenin proteins were significantly increased in all drug-treated groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression of Wnt3a， LRP-5， and β-catenin proteins was elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionSanhuang Tangshenkang may regulate the imbalance of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by increasing the expression of Wnt3a， LRP-5， and β-catenin proteins in bone tissue， which may promote bone formation， reduce bone resorption， and lower blood glucose levels， thereby achieving the effect of preventing and treating diabetic osteoporosis.

Three main short-chain fatty acids inhibit the activation of THP-1 cells by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

The overactivation of macrophages causes chronic inflammatory diseases. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), potential drugs for clinical treatment, are modulators of macrophage inflammatory reaction. Therefore, the modulation of macrophage-mediated cell activity is expected to become a new therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In this study, 2 kinds of SCFAs (propionate and butyrate) were found to have anti-inflammatory effects in M. pneumoniae-stimulated THP-1 cells inflammatory. They inhibited the expressions of IL-4, IL-6, ROS, and NLRP3 inflammasome, while enhancing the expressions of IL-10 and IFN-γ. Our study revealed these 2 agents to repress transcriptional activities of NF-κB, which are important modulators of inflammation. Meanwhile, SCFAs can significantly enhance the autophagy induced by M. pneumoniae. Considering that SCFAs have few side effects, they might be the promising adjuvant therapy for the prevention and/or treatment of various inflammatory diseases.

Revisit gut microbiota and its impact on human health and disease.

Trillions of microbes have evolved with and continue to live on human beings. With the rapid advances in tools and technology in recent years, new knowledge and insight in cross-talk between the microbes and their hosts have gained. It is the aim of this work to critically review and summarize recent literature reports on the role of microbiota and mechanisms involved in the progress and development of major human diseases, which include obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), gout, depression and arthritis, as well as infant health and longevity.

Effect of Shoutai Pills on Th1/Th2 Cytokines in Serum and Endometrium of Rats with Stimulated Ovulation.

In our previous study, we found that Shoutai pills could improve the embryo implantation rate as well as the levels of estrogen, progesterone and estrogen receptor in rats with stimulated ovulation. However, the mechanism is not clear. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Shoutai pills on the levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in rats with stimulated ovulation and the mechanism. The rat model of stimulated ovulation was established by combined injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Then the rats were randomly divided into model group (M), Shoutai pills group (S), progesterone group (P) and normal group (N). All the pregnant rats were treated from the first day. The S and P groups were administrated with gavage of Shoutai pills and injection of progesterone respectively, and N and M groups were given the same volume of normal saline and distilled water respectively. After treatment for 7 days, the animals were executed for serum and uterine tissues. The ELISA method was adopted to detect the contents of Th1 cytokines [interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2)] and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10). The expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) was detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. As compared with N group, the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 in M group were significantly increased, and those of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, LIF and LIFR were significantly decreased (P<0.05). As compared with M group, the levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, LIF and LIFR in S group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and those of IFN-γ and IL-2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05). It was suggested that Shoutai pills can increase the levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, LIF and LIFR as well as reduce the levels of INF-γ and IL-2 in rats with stimulated ovulation. The Shoutai pills may improve endometrial receptivity and promote embryo implantation by maintaining the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

Clinical application evaluation research of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine intends to evaluate the quality level and clinical application of the guideline. A questionnaire and prospective case survey methods were used to evaluate the applicability evaluation based on the clinician questionnaire and the application evaluation based on clinical case observation. The applicability evaluation, familiarity and utilization rate of doctors' guidelines were 85.06%, 62.76%; Sort by technical grade, intermediate grade doctors have a higher familiarity rate and utilization rate, while the junior grade doctor's is lower; Guide quality level of applicability evaluation, other items' rational percentage are better than 96% except the items of health preserving and prevention and other treatment is relatively low; Items' applicable percentage of applicability evaluation are more than 91% except the item of guide simplicity. Comprehensive applicability evaluation, The percentage of the guideline applicable to clinical practice accounted for 94.94%. The consistency rate of syndrome differentiation and clinical application is more than 96% in addition to prescription medication, other treatments and health preserving and prevention of the guidelines apply consistency of application evaluation. The percentage of good treatment effect accounted for 92.96% of application effect evaluation. The safety percentage is 99.89% and economy is 97.45%. The research shows that of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine quality level is good and is basically applicable to pediatric clinical practice which can be used as a standardized recommendation of pediatric common diseases' treatment specification. A small part of the guidelines are not applicable and need to be further consummated. Health preserving and prevention and other treatment of the guideline need to be revised.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

This study is to assess the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine in clinical application and provide evidence for further guideline revision. The assessment was divided into applicability assessment and practicability assessment. The applicability assessment based on questionnaire survey and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners were asked to independently fill the Questionnaire for Applicability Assessment on the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The practicability assessment was based on prospective case investigation and analysis method and the TCM practitioners-in-charge filled the Case Investigation Questionnaire for Practicability Assessment on the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The data were analyzed in descriptive statistics. 151 questionnaires were investigated for applicability assessment and 1 016 patients were included for practicability assessment. The results showed that 88.74% of them were familiar with the guidelines and 45.70% used them. The guidelines quality and related items were similar in applicability assessment and practicability assessment, and scored highly as more than 85.00% except the "recuperating and prevention". The results suggested that the quality of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine was high and could better guide the clinical practice. The "recuperating and prevention" part should be improved and the evidence data should be included in future guideline revision, so that the clinical utilization rate could be increased.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

To provide reference for revising the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) through clinical research. 9 TCM hospitals worldwide have conducted a survey and questionnaires for 7 CPGs have been received. 263 cases clinical doctors accepted the applicability survey of guidelines. 89.35% is more familiar to the guidelines and 36.12% have been used the guidelines. In syndrome differentiation and treatment related contents, diagnostic point, treatment and syndrome differentiation are higher, accounted for 96.96%, 88.59%, 96.20%, respectively. Rationality of prevention is lower, accounted for 65.02%.88.21% clinical doctors believe that the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine is applicable. The application of the guidelines is evaluated by prospective observation of 1 309 cases. The higher consistency between guidelines and clinical practice is Western medicine disease diagnosis and traditional Chinese medicine disease diagnosis, accounted for 98.70%, 90.76%, respectively. The lower is rationality of prevention, accounted for 49.27%. The safety and economy of the guidelines are better, accounted for 97.02%, 95.11%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the overall treatment effect and technical level, satisfaction degree, applicability in clinical practice which were 7-9 points is 81.52%, 80.60%, 79.30%.The complex evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of common diseases of coloproctology in TCM guidelines is good, and suitable for clinical application with increase the content of rationality of prevention.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

This study aims to evaluate the adaptability and applicability of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The assessment methods included adaptability assessment and applicability assessment. The adaptability assessment was based on the questionnaire survey to evaluate the familiarity, utilization, quality, and clinical application of the Guidelines; applicability assessment was based on the prospective observation of 853 clinical cases to investigate the applicability and effect of the Guidelines, including effectiveness, economy and safety. Statistical analysis for basic description, construction of different comparison groups for cross or hierarchical statistical test, multi-factor analysis, and confounding factors were used in the study. Adaptability assessment results showed that 63.03% of TCM doctors considered guidelines as good or very good applicability and 4.24% of TCM doctors considered guidelines with very poor applicability in clinical practice. For the applicability evaluation, TCM doctors considered that the "overall efficacy and technology level", "satisfactory degree" and "adaptability in clinical practice" of the guideline were 85.46%, 80.43% and 69.40% respectively. The results showed that guideline was well known among TCM doctors, especially junior TCM doctors. Adaptability and applicability of Guidelines were totally good but the quality and adaptability of the intervention schemes were still week, so the quality of Guidelines should be improved by revision.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

To evaluate the clinical applicability and application of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 11 diseases from Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine were evaluated by methods of questionnaire and prospective case study at 16 construction units for traditional Chinese medicine standards research and extension. Results showed that 361 clinical doctors accepted the applicability survey of guidelines, and 87.26% of them were more familiar to the guideline and 25.21% of them used the guideline. In syndrome differentiation and treatment related contents, rationality of prescription medication and syndrome classification was higher, accounted for 91.69% and 86.98% respectively, but the rationality of recuperation prevention was lower, accounted for 44.6%. 75.62% clinical doctors believed that the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine was applicable. The application of the guidelines is evaluated by prospective observation of 2 935 cases. The higher compliance between the guideline and clinical practice was present in TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) disease diagnosis and WM (western medicine) disease diagnosis, accounted for 98.30% and 94.11% respectively. The lower compliance was present in recuperation prevention, accounted for 59.39%. The safety and economy of the guideline was higher, accounting for 95.64%, 94.75%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the rate of the overall treatment effect with technical level, satisfaction degree or applicability in clinical practice which were 7-9 points is 77.38%, 74.00%, 76.90% respectively. This guideline has a high clinical compliance and can be used as a standard for common diseases of gynecology, but there are also some conditions with poor applicability, which does not conform to the actual situation, and needs to be further revised.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

To assess the quality and application effect of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine(Guidelines) through the applicability and applicability evaluation respectively. The questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate the applicability of the Guidelines, including the utilization, quality, and clinical application conditions. The results showed that the familiarity rate and utilization rate of the Guidelines were 85.37%, 48.78%, respectively. The data showed that the familiarity and the utilization rates were different in the working staff with different professional titles. The evaluation level was the lowest given by the staff with junior professional title (70.97%, 29.03%) in comparison. The assessment showed the overall quality of the Guideline was good and slightly low level for the rationality scores of the other therapeutic methods as well as for the recuperation and prevention (80.49%, 85.37%), which was in line with the clinical compliance of the Guideline. The perspective observation of clinical cases was used for the applicability evaluation, including clinical compliance of the Guideline, effect evaluation, and comprehensive assessment, et al. The results showed that the safety score was the highest, followed by the economic issue and efficacy. For the comprehensive evaluation of the applicability, complete applicability accounted for 29.27%, and the general applicability accounted for 87.80%. It was showed in the three index scores of the applicability evaluation that the accumulative score 7-9 scores were 75.65%, 73.89%, 71.12%. Through the applicability and applicability evaluation, the Guideline was satisfactory in the overall quality, high in the safety of clinical application and good in efficacy and economic issues. There are some limits on the development method and technical issues in the Guideline, which is required to be supplemented in the revision. Additionally, the strategy study on the promotion of the Guideline should be enhanced so as to expedite the recognition and utilization of the Guideline.

[Enhanced Treatment of Petrochemical Secondary Effluent by Biological Aerated Filter (Fe2+)-Ozonation Process].

Two parallel biological aerated filters (BAF)-ozonation,named as number 1(feeding with FeSO4·7H2O) and number 2,were used to treat petrochemical secondary effluent.The effect of FeSO4·7H2O on COD and phosphorus removal by BAF-ozonation was studied.Molecular weight distribution,three-dimensional fluorescence scan and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze water quality before and after BAF-ozonation.The results showed the average COD and TP concentrations were 82.91 mg·L-1 and 1.37 mg·L-1,respectively.When the dosage of FeSO4·7H2O was 9 mg·L-1,the average removal rates of COD and TP were 52.20% and 71.50%,respectively.The average COD removal rate in number 1 combined process was 17.15%,which was higher than that in number 2 combined process.The TP removal rate in number 1 combined process was increased by 51.81%.The percentage of dissolved organic matters with relative molecular weight less than 1×103 was 52% in the raw wastewater.However,the percentage increased to 75% when treated by number 1 combined process and the removal rate of various molecular weight organics was increased.Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis showed that the dosage of FeSO4·7H2O could improve the removal of fluorescent substances.GC-MS results showed that the number and concentration of organics were reduced after number 1 combined process in comparison with number 2 combined process.BAF-ozone could be enhanced by FeSO4·7H2O when treating petrochemical secondary effluent.

Current situation of International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee 249 international standards of traditional Chinese medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To review the current situation and progress of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) international standards, standard projects and proposals in International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/ technical committee (TC) 249. METHODS: ISO/TC 249 standards and standard projects on the ISO website were searched and new standard proposals information were collected from ISO/TC 249 National Mirror Committee in China. Then all the available data were summarized in 5 closely related items, including proposed time, proposed country, assigned working group (WG), current stage and classifification. RESULTS: In ISO/TC 249, there were 2 international standards, 18 standard projects and 24 new standard proposals proposed in 2014. These 44 standard subjects increased year by year since 2011. Twenty-nine of them were proposed by China, 15 were assigned to WG 4, 36 were in preliminary and preparatory stage and 8 were categorized into 4 fifields, 7 groups and sub-groups based on International Classifification Standards. CONCLUSION: A rapid and steady development of international standardization in TCM can be observed in ISO/TC 249.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the clinical applicability and application of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 11 diseases from Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine were evaluated by methods of questionnaire and prospective case study at 16 construction units for traditional Chinese medicine standards research and extension. Results showed that 361 clinical doctors accepted the applicability survey of guidelines, and 87.26% of them were more familiar to the guideline and 25.21% of them used the guideline. In syndrome differentiation and treatment related contents, rationality of prescription medication and syndrome classification was higher, accounted for 91.69% and 86.98% respectively, but the rationality of recuperation prevention was lower, accounted for 44.6%. 75.62% clinical doctors believed that the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine was applicable. The application of the guidelines is evaluated by prospective observation of 2 935 cases. The higher compliance between the guideline and clinical practice was present in TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) disease diagnosis and WM (western medicine) disease diagnosis, accounted for 98.30% and 94.11% respectively. The lower compliance was present in recuperation prevention, accounted for 59.39%. The safety and economy of the guideline was higher, accounting for 95.64%, 94.75%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the rate of the overall treatment effect with technical level, satisfaction degree or applicability in clinical practice which were 7-9 points is 77.38%, 74.00%, 76.90% respectively. This guideline has a high clinical compliance and can be used as a standard for common diseases of gynecology, but there are also some conditions with poor applicability, which does not conform to the actual situation, and needs to be further revised.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

To assess the quality and application effect of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine(Guidelines) through the applicability and applicability evaluation respectively. The questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate the applicability of the Guidelines, including the utilization, quality, and clinical application conditions. The results showed that the familiarity rate and utilization rate of the Guidelines were 85.37%, 48.78%, respectively. The data showed that the familiarity and the utilization rates were different in the working staff with different professional titles. The evaluation level was the lowest given by the staff with junior professional title (70.97%, 29.03%) in comparison. The assessment showed the overall quality of the Guideline was good and slightly low level for the rationality scores of the other therapeutic methods as well as for the recuperation and prevention (80.49%, 85.37%), which was in line with the clinical compliance of the Guideline. The perspective observation of clinical cases was used for the applicability evaluation, including clinical compliance of the Guideline, effect evaluation, and comprehensive assessment, et al. The results showed that the safety score was the highest, followed by the economic issue and efficacy. For the comprehensive evaluation of the applicability, complete applicability accounted for 29.27%, and the general applicability accounted for 87.80%. It was showed in the three index scores of the applicability evaluation that the accumulative score 7-9 scores were 75.65%, 73.89%, 71.12%. Through the applicability and applicability evaluation, the Guideline was satisfactory in the overall quality, high in the safety of clinical application and good in efficacy and economic issues. There are some limits on the development method and technical issues in the Guideline, which is required to be supplemented in the revision. Additionally, the strategy study on the promotion of the Guideline should be enhanced so as to expedite the recognition and utilization of the Guideline.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

To provide reference for revising the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) through clinical research. 9 TCM hospitals worldwide have conducted a survey and questionnaires for 7 CPGs have been received. 263 cases clinical doctors accepted the applicability survey of guidelines. 89.35% is more familiar to the guidelines and 36.12% have been used the guidelines. In syndrome differentiation and treatment related contents, diagnostic point, treatment and syndrome differentiation are higher, accounted for 96.96%, 88.59%, 96.20%, respectively. Rationality of prevention is lower, accounted for 65.02%.88.21% clinical doctors believe that the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Coloproctology in Traditional Chinese Medicine is applicable. The application of the guidelines is evaluated by prospective observation of 1 309 cases. The higher consistency between guidelines and clinical practice is Western medicine disease diagnosis and traditional Chinese medicine disease diagnosis, accounted for 98.70%, 90.76%, respectively. The lower is rationality of prevention, accounted for 49.27%. The safety and economy of the guidelines are better, accounted for 97.02%, 95.11%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the overall treatment effect and technical level, satisfaction degree, applicability in clinical practice which were 7-9 points is 81.52%, 80.60%, 79.30%.The complex evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of common diseases of coloproctology in TCM guidelines is good, and suitable for clinical application with increase the content of rationality of prevention.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to evaluate the adaptability and applicability of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The assessment methods included adaptability assessment and applicability assessment. The adaptability assessment was based on the questionnaire survey to evaluate the familiarity, utilization, quality, and clinical application of the Guidelines; applicability assessment was based on the prospective observation of 853 clinical cases to investigate the applicability and effect of the Guidelines, including effectiveness, economy and safety. Statistical analysis for basic description, construction of different comparison groups for cross or hierarchical statistical test, multi-factor analysis, and confounding factors were used in the study. Adaptability assessment results showed that 63.03% of TCM doctors considered guidelines as good or very good applicability and 4.24% of TCM doctors considered guidelines with very poor applicability in clinical practice. For the applicability evaluation, TCM doctors considered that the "overall efficacy and technology level", "satisfactory degree" and "adaptability in clinical practice" of the guideline were 85.46%, 80.43% and 69.40% respectively. The results showed that guideline was well known among TCM doctors, especially junior TCM doctors. Adaptability and applicability of Guidelines were totally good but the quality and adaptability of the intervention schemes were still week, so the quality of Guidelines should be improved by revision.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

This study is to assess the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine in clinical application and provide evidence for further guideline revision. The assessment was divided into applicability assessment and practicability assessment. The applicability assessment based on questionnaire survey and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners were asked to independently fill the Questionnaire for Applicability Assessment on the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The practicability assessment was based on prospective case investigation and analysis method and the TCM practitioners-in-charge filled the Case Investigation Questionnaire for Practicability Assessment on the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The data were analyzed in descriptive statistics. 151 questionnaires were investigated for applicability assessment and 1 016 patients were included for practicability assessment. The results showed that 88.74% of them were familiar with the guidelines and 45.70% used them. The guidelines quality and related items were similar in applicability assessment and practicability assessment, and scored highly as more than 85.00% except the "recuperating and prevention". The results suggested that the quality of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Otolaryngology in Traditional Chinese Medicine was high and could better guide the clinical practice. The "recuperating and prevention" part should be improved and the evidence data should be included in future guideline revision, so that the clinical utilization rate could be increased.

Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中药杂志

Clinical application evaluation research of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine intends to evaluate the quality level and clinical application of the guideline. A questionnaire and prospective case survey methods were used to evaluate the applicability evaluation based on the clinician questionnaire and the application evaluation based on clinical case observation. The applicability evaluation, familiarity and utilization rate of doctors' guidelines were 85.06%, 62.76%; Sort by technical grade, intermediate grade doctors have a higher familiarity rate and utilization rate, while the junior grade doctor's is lower; Guide quality level of applicability evaluation, other items' rational percentage are better than 96% except the items of health preserving and prevention and other treatment is relatively low; Items' applicable percentage of applicability evaluation are more than 91% except the item of guide simplicity. Comprehensive applicability evaluation, The percentage of the guideline applicable to clinical practice accounted for 94.94%. The consistency rate of syndrome differentiation and clinical application is more than 96% in addition to prescription medication, other treatments and health preserving and prevention of the guidelines apply consistency of application evaluation. The percentage of good treatment effect accounted for 92.96% of application effect evaluation. The safety percentage is 99.89% and economy is 97.45%. The research shows that of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine quality level is good and is basically applicable to pediatric clinical practice which can be used as a standardized recommendation of pediatric common diseases' treatment specification. A small part of the guidelines are not applicable and need to be further consummated. Health preserving and prevention and other treatment of the guideline need to be revised.