RESUMO
Psoriasis-the most prevalent autoimmune disease in the United States-is a chronic, relapsing disease with variable clinical features and triggers that are both genetic and environmental. Psoriasis is an independent risk factor for mortality and is linked to numerous comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, clinical depression, diabetes, cancer, Crohn's disease, hypertension, obesity, metabolic syndrome, liver disease, infections, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis. While there is no cure, topical medications, phototherapy, traditional systemic agents, and biologics offer a wide array of options for management of symptoms. A combination of agents is frequently needed for moderate-to-severe cases, and positive long-term outcomes require medication adherence. Significant knowledge gaps exist on disease onset and progression along with a lack of comparative-effectiveness research on treatment regimens.
Assuntos
Psoríase/terapia , Humanos , Farmacêuticos , Papel Profissional , Psoríase/diagnóstico , Psoríase/etiologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Characterized by chronic, widespread pain and heightened pain sensitivity, fibromyalgia affects up to 10 million adults. It is physically disabling and often is accompanied by chronic fatigue and psychiatric comorbidities. Individuals frequently see multiple providers before finding an answer about their condition; diagnosis is often a process of elimination. Etiology is unknown, but studies suggest fibromyalgia is a centrally mediated neurosensory disorder. Despite its recognition as an independent condition, debate continues with critics arguing fibromyalgia is a variant of other known disorders. Treatment consists of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and exercise.
Assuntos
Fibromialgia/diagnóstico , Fibromialgia/tratamento farmacológico , Fibromialgia/psicologia , Adulto , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Terapias Complementares , Terapia por Exercício , Fibromialgia/economia , Fibromialgia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Pregabalina , Psicoterapia , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/análogos & derivados , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Chronobiology focuses on variations in biological rhythms across time. This article describes biologic cycles, particularly circadian cycles and their underlying neuroanatomy. Metabolic rhythms are reviewed and their impact on disease and symptom variation discussed. Clinical and chronopharmacological implications and diagnostic applications are presented, highlighting chronotherapy's perspective.