Characterization of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of Four Species in Callerya.

BACKGROUND: Callerya reticulata (Bentham) Schot, Callerya dielsiana (Harms) P.K. Loc ex Z. Wei & Pedley, Callerya nitida var. hirsutissima (Z. Wei) X.Y. Zhu, and Callerya nitida (Bentham) R. Geesink, which belongs to the Leguminosae family, are important medicinal plants in China. The genus Callerya includes 26 species, 18 species are distributed in China, and the vine stems of some species are used as traditional medicinal herbs because they have important pharmacological activity. Due to the high similarity of appearance, it is difficult to identify them in the market by appearance alone. Therefore, circulating of Callerya-related materia medica on the market is confusing, sometimes even leading to drug safety problems. It is urgent to develop molecular methods for their identification. OBJECTIVE: To sequence and analyze the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of C. reticulata, C. dielsiana, C. nitida var. hirsutissima, and C. nitida and to analyze their cp genome differences as a basis for seeking easier DNA barcoding for their identification. METHOD: After using Illumina high-throughput sequencing and nanopore sequencing to obtain the genome data, some bioinformatics software was used to assembly and analyze the molecular structure of cp genomes. RESULTS: The complete cp genomes of the four species were circular molecules, which ranged from 130 435 to 132 546 bp, and GC contents ranged from 33.89% to 34.89%. Each of them includes a large single-copy region, a small single-copy region, and without large inverted repeat regions. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that highly variable regions of the four cp genomes would provide useful plastid markers, which could be used as a potential genomic resource to resolve phylogenetic questions and provide a reference for mining specific DNA barcodes of these species. HIGHLIGHTS: Our study provided highly effective molecular markers for subsequent phylogenetic analysis, species identification, and biogeographic analysis of Callerya.

Mindfulness, emotional intelligence and occupational burnout in intensive care nurses: A mediating effect model.

AIM(S): To construct structural equation models to test the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between mindfulness and occupational burnout. BACKGROUND: Reports assessing the relationships among mindfulness, emotional intelligence and burnout, specifically in ICU nurses, are scarce. METHODS: This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional research design with 883 ICU nurses enrolled by convenience sampling from 29 ICUs in seven tertiary hospitals in urban areas of Chengdu, China. Mediation analysis was performed by structural equation modelling. Indirect effects were evaluated through bootstrapping. RESULTS: The associations among mindfulness, emotional intelligence, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were all significant (p < .001). In the mediation models, emotional intelligence partially mediates the relationships between mindfulness and emotional exhaustion (indirect effect 0.118, p = .006; direct effect -0.374, p = .010; total effect -0.492, p = .011) and between mindfulness and depersonalization (indirect effect -0.182, p = .006; direct effect -0.452, p = .015; total effect -0.633, p = .018). Emotional intelligence plays a total mediating role between mindfulness and personal accomplishment (indirect effect 0.293, p = .004; direct effect 0.119, p = .053). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that nursing manager could implement mindfulness training to improve occupational burnout in ICU nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nursing managers could help create a more favourable working environment by providing mindfulness training. Such mindfulness training could help improve nursing quality, reduce errors and ensure patient safety, possibly improving patient prognosis and probably satisfaction.

Educational intervention versus mindfulness-based intervention for ICU nurses with occupational burnout: A parallel, controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Nurses in the intensive care unit have a high incidence of occupational burnout, which has a serious adverse impact on their physical and mental health. It is imperative, therefore, to explore interventions, especially those that may enhance individual coping resources. Mindfulness has been proven to be one such effective resource. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of an eight-week mindfulness intervention on occupational burnout in ICU nurses. METHODS: One hundred six nurses in two ICUs who met the inclusion criteria were recruited to the program, which consisted of an educational intervention related to burnout (EB, n = 53) or a mindfulness-based intervention (MBIB, n = 53), and the results compared. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) were administered at T0 (before the intervention), T1 (one week after the intervention), T2 (one month after the intervention), and T3 (three months after the intervention). A total of 91 nurses completed the study. Data were analysed by intention-to-treat analysis and repeated-measures ANOVA to observe the effects of the mindfulness-based intervention on occupational burnout. RESULTS: Nurses' mindfulness, experiential avoidance, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were all affected by the intervention. The effect could be maintained to the third month post intervention. CONCLUSION: Mindfulness-based intervention can effectively improve the level of mindfulness and decrease the level of experiential avoidance among ICU nurses, alleviating occupational burnout.

The enhancing effects of group V σ-hole interactions on the F···O halogen bond.

The σ-hole interaction, which occurs between the covalent IV-VII atoms and nucleophilic substances, has become a hot issue of weak interaction. In this work, NCF···O=PX3···(NCF)n (X = F, Cl, Br, H, CH3·; n = 0, 1, 2) complexes were constructed and studied based on the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) calculations to investigate the enhancing effects of group V σ-hole interactions on the F···O halogen bond. With increasing n, the FO halogen bond becomes stronger, indicating that the group V σ-hole interactions could enhance the F···O halogen bond. As the capacity of donating electrons of X increases, the most negative electrostatic potentials outside the oxygen atom of O=PX3···(NCF)n (n = 0, 1, 2) become more negative, resulting in a stronger F···O halogen bond. In the formation of a F···O halogen bond, along the sequence of X = F, Cl, Br, H, CH3 of the negative sites O=PX3, the electric field of the lone pair of oxygen becomes greater and causes a larger decrease in electron density outside the fluorine atom. On the other hand, with increasing n from 0 to 2, the group V σ-hole interactions also increase the electric field of lone pair of oxygen and results in a larger decrease in electron density outside the fluorine atom.