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1.
Mar Pollut Bull ; 146: 435-441, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31426178

RESUMO

The sorption behavior of phosphorus onto sediment was investigated with the addition of BC derived from incomplete biomass combustion (PC). The sorption kinetic curves of phosphorus onto PC and sediment could be described by a two-compartment first order equation, and the sorption isotherms fit the Freundlich model well. With increasing amounts of PC added, the sorption capacity increased while the HI did not change much. The distribution of phosphorus forms showed that CaP (ACa-P plus DAP) constituted the highest fraction in the sediment samples. Throughout the sorption process, CaP and OP changed very little, but the Ex-P and FeP increased obviously, and the presence of PC made this increase more significantly. The high specific area and the presence of iron and aluminum, as well as the modification of the sediments surface properties, make the addition of PC be favorable for the sorption of phosphorus onto sediments.


Assuntos
Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Fósforo/química , Fuligem/química , Adsorção , Cinética , Propriedades de Superfície , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química
2.
Epilepsia ; 57(8): 1228-35, 2016 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27302625

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The DBA/1 mouse is a relevant animal model of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), as it exhibits seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) evoked by acoustic stimulation, followed by cardiac arrhythmia and death. Defects in serotonergic neurotransmission may contribute to S-IRA. The tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) enzyme converts L-tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a precursor for central nervous system (CNS) serotonin (5-HT) synthesis; and DBA/1 mice have a polymorphism that decreases TPH2 activity. We, therefore, hypothesized that supplementation with 5-HTP may bypass TPH2 and suppress S-IRA in DBA/1 mice. METHODS: TPH2 expression was examined by Western blot in the brainstem of DBA/1 and C57BL/6J mice both with and without acoustic stimulation. Changes in breathing and cardiac electrical activity in DBA/1 and C57BL/6J mice that incurred sudden death during generalized seizures evoked by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) were studied by plethysmography and electrocardiography. The effect of 5-HTP administration on seizure-induced mortality evoked by acoustic stimulation or by PTZ was investigated in DBA/1 mice. RESULTS: Repetitive acoustic stimulation resulted in reduced TPH2 protein in the brainstem of DBA/1 mice as compared with C57BL/6J mice. S-IRA evoked by acoustic stimulation in DBA/1 mice was significantly reduced by 5-HTP. Following S-IRA, cardiac electrical activity could be detected for minutes before terminal asystole and death in both DBA/1 and C57BL/6J mice after PTZ treatment. The incidence of S-IRA by PTZ administration was greater in DBA/1 than in C57BL/6J mice, and administration of 5-HTP also significantly reduced S-IRA by PTZ in DBA/1 mice. SIGNIFICANCE: Our data suggest that S-IRA is the primary event leading to death incurred in most DBA/1 and some C57BL/6J mice during PTZ-evoked seizures. Suppression of S-IRA by 5-HTP suggests that 5-HT transmission contributes to the pathophysiology of S-IRA, and that 5-HTP, an over-the-counter supplement available for human consumption, may be clinically useful in preventing SUDEP.


Assuntos
5-Hidroxitriptofano/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Respiratórios/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Convulsões/complicações , Estimulação Acústica , Animais , Tronco Encefálico/efeitos dos fármacos , Tronco Encefálico/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Eletrocardiografia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Endogâmicos DBA , Pentilenotetrazol/toxicidade , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Convulsões/patologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Triptofano Hidroxilase/metabolismo
3.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 26(5): 846-53, 2016 May 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26838339

RESUMO

We displayed four types of Solanum nigrum metallothionein (SMT) for the first time on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using an α-agglutinin-based display system. The SMT genes were amplified by RT-PCR. The plasmid pYES2 was used to construct the expression vector. Transformed yeast strains were confirmed by PCR amplification and custom sequencing. Surface-expressed metallothioneins were indirectly indicated by the enhanced cadmium sorption capacity. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to examine the concentration of Cd(2+) in this study. The transformed yeast strains showed much higher resistance ability to Cd(2+) compared with the control. Strikingly, their Cd(2+) accumulation was almost twice as much as that of the wild-type yeast cells. Furthermore, surface-engineered yeast strains could effectively adsorb ultra-trace cadmium and accumulate Cd(2+) under a wide range of pH levels, from 3 to 7, without disturbing the Cu(2+) and Hg(2+). Four types of surfaceengineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were constructed and they could be used to purify Cd(2+)-contaminated water and adsorb ultra-trace cadmium effectively. The surface-engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains would be useful tools for the bioremediation and biosorption of environmental cadmium contaminants.


Assuntos
Cádmio/metabolismo , Metalotioneína/biossíntese , Metalotioneína/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Solanum nigrum/genética , Solanum nigrum/metabolismo , Adsorção , Biodegradação Ambiental , Membrana Celular/química , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , DNA Complementar/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Genes de Plantas , Engenharia Genética/métodos , Metalotioneína/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/biossíntese , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Plasmídeos/genética , Solanum nigrum/química , Propriedades de Superfície , Oligoelementos/química
4.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys ; 93(5): 1118-26, 2015 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26475064

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Inefficient T-cell reconstitution from x-ray-induced immune damage reduces antitumor response. To understand the profile of T-cell reconstitution after irradiation will overcome the barrier of antitumor immunity. This study aimed to identify the recovery profile of T-cell subsets following x-ray irradiation and to highlight the role of cinnamon on efficient T-cell restoration postexposure in the antitumor response. METHODS AND MATERIALS: CD3(+), CD8(+), and CD4(+) T cells and Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells were evaluated at different time points after single low-dose total body irradiation (SLTBI) with or without cinnamon treatments. T-bet, GATA3, RORγt, and Foxp3 signaling specific for Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg were also analyzed by RT-PCR assay. The effects of cinnamon on efficient T-cell subset reconstitution was confirmed in a lung melanoma model in irradiated mice. RESULTS: Reconstitution of CD4(+) T cells was delayed more than that of CD8(+) T cells in T-cell restoration after SLTBI. The production of IFNγ by Th1 or Tc1 cells was sharply decreased and was accompanied by reduced T-bet mRNA, even when total T-cell numbers had recovered; the frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells and their specific transcription factors (RORγt and Foxp3, respectively) were obviously increased. Irradiation-induced inefficient T-cell reconstitution impaired the antitumor capacities in the lung melanoma model. Pretreatment with cinnamon in irradiated mice accelerated the generation of Th1 and reduced the differentiation of Treg cells by activating T-bet and limiting transcriptions of Foxp3. Improvement resulting from cinnamon pretreatment on the efficient T-cell recovery profile from SLTBI promoted antitumor immunity in the lung melanoma model. CONCLUSIONS: T-cell reconstitution from SLTBI was characterized by impaired Th1 and elevated Th17 and Treg cells. Cinnamon effectively improved the imbalance of T-cell subsets by promoting the proliferation of Th1 and by suppressing expansions of Th17 and Tregs. The role of cinnamon in efficient T-cell reconstitution from SLTBI is effective in antitumor immunity.


Assuntos
Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/efeitos da radiação , Irradiação Corporal Total/efeitos adversos , Análise de Variância , Animais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos da radiação , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos da radiação , Cinnamomum zeylanicum , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição GATA3/metabolismo , Imunidade Celular/efeitos da radiação , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/imunologia , Melanoma Experimental/patologia , Melanoma Experimental/prevenção & controle , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Membro 3 do Grupo F da Subfamília 1 de Receptores Nucleares/metabolismo , RNA Polimerase I , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Proteínas com Domínio T/metabolismo , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Reguladores/citologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Reguladores/efeitos da radiação , Células Th1/citologia , Células Th1/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Th1/metabolismo , Células Th1/efeitos da radiação , Células Th17/citologia , Células Th17/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Th17/metabolismo , Células Th17/efeitos da radiação
5.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 64: 106-10, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24321491

RESUMO

We have recently reported that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) might be an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated biomarker in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and play an important role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. To extend our study, we examined here the anti-invasive and metastatic effects of Huaier polysaccharide (HP) on human HCC cell line MHCC97-H and explored its possible mechanism of action. Treatment with HP dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion of MHCC97-H cells in vitro. This was achieved not only by reducing the expression of AEG-1 and N-cadherin, but also by enhancing E-cadherin expression. Therefore, these data suggested that HP can inhibit the growth and metastatic potential of MHCC97-H cells through modulation of the AEG-1/EMT pathway.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Caderinas/metabolismo , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Proteínas de Membrana , Metástase Neoplásica , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/toxicidade , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA
6.
Immunol Invest ; 34(3): 245-58, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16136780

RESUMO

Whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) has been used as an adjunct approach to radio-/ chemotherapy for tumor therapy for many years. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the enhancement of tumor control is not clearly understood. It has been hypothesized that WBH might activate immune system by inducing the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are thought to facilitate the presentation of tumor-specific antigens. In the present work, we examined the effects of various thermal doses of WBH on tumor growth delay and HSP70 levels in tumors on C57BL/6 mice, as well as on splenic lymphocyte subpopulations. The maximal WBH effect (about 40% decrease in tumor weight) was achieved by a 2-hour WBH treatment everyday at 40.0 degrees C. By using this treatment schedule, the populations of CD3+/CD4+ T cells and CD3+/CD8+ T cells increased by 4 and 3 times, respectively, at the end of WBH treatment period. When the length of day-by-day WBH treatment was longer than 2 hours or the frequency of WBH treatment was lower than once a day, the effect of tumor growth delay and the population of CD3+ T lymphocyte in spleen increase were discounted. On the other hand, the HSP70 levels in tumor nodules rose continuously as the WBH treating time increased, but the populations of NK cells in spleen did not change significantly. The results suggest that an increased CD3+ T lymphocyte population is closely related to the anti-tumor effect of WBH, which might be a useful marker for effectiveness of hyperthermia. However, neither the levels of HSP70 nor the NK cell populations in spleen appear to correlate to tumor control.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/biossíntese , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/genética , Hipertermia Induzida , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/terapia , Baço/citologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/fisiologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/citologia , Masculino , Melanoma Experimental/imunologia , Melanoma Experimental/fisiopatologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Transplante de Neoplasias , Baço/metabolismo
7.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi ; 40(6): 407-10, 2002 Jun.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12139793

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effects of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine(SAMe) in the treatment of cholestasis after total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, hypercalorie group, hypercalorie adds SAMe group; sepsis group and sepsis adds SAMe group; their stages of cholestasis were compared. Sixteen patients received SAMe because of cholestasis after prolonged TPN. RESULTS: Bile flow, serum levels of total bile acid and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were elevated markedly in hypercalorie and sepsis groups. Hepatocellular fatty degeneration, dilatation of cholangiole, and bile sludge could be seen microscopically, while SAMe administration in hypercalorie adds SAMe and sepsis adds SAMe groups could increase bile flow, decrease serum total bile acid and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels. Microscopic findings were normal, no dilated cholangiole or bile sludge could be found. Cholestasis and abnormal results of liver function test were the main clinical manifestations of 16 patients before SAMe administration. Three weeks after SAMe administration, their serum levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phosphotase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were decreased markedly; they became normal in the 4 th week. CONCLUSION: SAMe could prevent and treat cholestasis without discontinuation of TPN.


Assuntos
Colestase/tratamento farmacológico , Nutrição Parenteral Total/efeitos adversos , S-Adenosilmetionina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Animais , Colestase/metabolismo , Colestase/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
8.
Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int ; 1(1): 96-100, 2002 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14607634

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in the treatment of cholestasis after total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, hypercalorie group, hypercalorie+SAMe group, sepsis group and sepsis+SAMe group to compare their states of cholestasis. Sixteen patients received SAMe because of cholestasis after prolonged TPN, and the therapeutic efficacy was observed. RESULTS: Bile flow was obviously decreased and the serum levels of total bile acid and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-G T) were markedly increased in the hypercalorie and sepsis groups. Meanwhile, hepatocyte fatty degeneration, dilatation of cholangioles, and bile sludge could be seen microscopically. SAMe administration in the hypercalorie+SAMe and sepsis+ SAMe groups could increase the bile flow, decrease the serum levels of total bile acid and gamma-G T, reduce the pathological damage to the liver, and clear the bile sludge in the cholangioles. Cholestasis and abnormal liver function were the main manifestations of the 16 patients before SAMe administration. After SAMe treatment for 3 weeks, serum levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), gamma-G T, alanine amino transferase (ALT), and aspartate amino transferase (AST) were obviously decreased, and normalized in the 4th week. CONCLUSION: SAMe could prevent and treat cholestasis without discontinuation of TPN.


Assuntos
Colestase/tratamento farmacológico , Colestase/etiologia , Nutrição Parenteral Total/efeitos adversos , S-Adenosilmetionina/farmacologia , Animais , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Colestase/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sepse/tratamento farmacológico , Sepse/metabolismo
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