RESUMO
Selenium (Se) can be absorbed by plants, thereby affects plant physiological activity, interferes gene expression, alters metabolite content and influences plant growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the plant response to Se remains unclear. In this study, apple plants were exposed to Se at concentrations of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 µM. Low concentrations of Se promoted plant growth, while high Se concentrations (≥24 µM) reduced photosynthesis, disturbed carbon and nitrogen metabolism, damaged the antioxidant system, and ultimately inhibited plant growth. The transcriptome and metabolome revealed that Se mainly affected three pathways, namely the 'biosynthesis of amino acids', 'starch and sucrose metabolism', and 'phenylpropanoid biosynthesis' pathways. 9 µM Se improved the synthesis, catabolism and utilization of amino acids and sugars, ultimately promoted plant growth. However, 24 µM Se up-regulated the related genes expression of PK, GPT, P5CS, SUS, SPS and CYP98A, and accumulated a large number of osmoregulation substances, such as citric acid, L-proline, D-sucrose and chlorogenic acid in the roots, ultimately affected the balance between plant growth and defense. In conclusion, this study reveals new insights into the key metabolic pathway in apple plants responses to Se.
Assuntos
Malus , Selênio , Selênio/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Redes e Vias Metabólicas/genética , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Sacarose , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de PlantasRESUMO
Background: Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases. Fu's subcutaneous needling therapy is a special acupuncture method that targets muscle trigger points. It has been proven to have a positive effect on the treatment of neck pain. The access to its curative effect may be related to the improvement of muscle and soft tissue condition. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of Fu's subcutaneous needling therapy for patients with neck pain by collecting changes in the sEMG of the patient's neck muscles and related data from evaluation scales and explore the feasibility and safety of Fu's subcutaneous needling therapy for neck pain. Methods: 72 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into FSN group and acupuncture group for corresponding treatment. FSN group was treated once every other day for 5 consecutive treatments; the acupuncture group was treated once a day for 10 consecutive treatments. Result: Outcome indicators were measured at baseline, after the first treatment and the end of the treatment. Primary outcome indicators: average EMG (AEMG) and (mean power frequency) MPF of sternocleidomastoid muscle and superior trapezius muscle. Secondary outcome indicators: Mc Gill pain questionnaire (MPQ), neck disability index (NDI), and adverse reactions. Conclusions: This study will explore the efficacy, safety, and possible mechanism of Fu's subcutaneous needling therapy for patients with neck pain, thus to provide more evidence support for clinical decision-making. This trial is registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Register Center (registration number ChiCTR2100043529).
Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Espondilose , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Eletromiografia , Humanos , Cervicalgia/terapia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Reperfusão , Espondilose/terapia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241607.].
RESUMO
Inflammation is a vital physiological response of the immune system meant to protect against the invasion of pathogens. However, accumulating evidence describes an intimate link between inflammation and thrombosis and cellular elements of the immune system of the immune system such as neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages are emerging as key players in the generation of a prothrombotic milieu suggesting that anti-inflammatory therapy may have a role in the management of thrombosis that is driven by inflammation. Tongji 2 (TJ2) is a traditional Chinese medication manufactured as granules by Tongji hospital of Tongji University (Shanghai, China) with known anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we examine the effects of TJ2 on inflammation and thrombosis. Our study shows that TJ2 modulates NF-κB activation and thus generates a prominent anti-inflammatory effect. Further, we use mouse models of thrombosis to demonstrate that TJ2 has a beneficial effect in both arterial and venous thrombosis that occurs in the absence of alterations in platelet activation or coagulation.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Trombose Venosa/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Células Cultivadas , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Células RAW 264.7RESUMO
The EF-hand proteins, containing conserved Ca2+ binding motifs, play important roles in many biological processes. Through data mining, a novel human gene, CAGLP (calglandulin-like protein) was predicted and subsequently isolated from human skeleton muscle. The open reading frame of CAGLP is 543 bp in length, coding a putative Ca2+ binding protein with four EF-hand motifs. The deduced amino acid sequence of CAGLP displays high similarity with Bothrops insularis snake protein calglandulin (80%). The results of PCR amplification using cDNA from 17 human tissues indicated that human CAGLP is expressed in prostate, thymus, heart, skeleton muscle, bone marrow and ovary. Functional CAGLP::EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) fusion protein revealed that CAGLP accumulated through-out Hela cells. Western blot using anti-EGFP antibodies indicated that the CAGLP protein has a molecular weight of about 19 kD. A phylogenetic tree showed that CAGLP and calglandulin may be orthologous proteins representing a distinct group in the EF-hand proteins.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/genética , Expressão Gênica , Músculo Esquelético/química , Filogenia , Sequência de Bases , Western Blotting , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Primers do DNA , DNA Complementar/genética , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde , Células HeLa , Humanos , Funções Verossimilhança , Modelos Genéticos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
The present work reported the cloning and characterization of two novel human genes--HN1 (hematopoietic- and neurologic-expressed sequence 1) and HN1L (HN1-like gene) which are proposed to be involved in embryo development. HN1 is mapped on chromosome 17q25.2, with two transcripts (1.0 and 1.6 kb in length, respectively) due to alternative splicing. HN1 is expressed abundantly in testis and skeletal muscle among 16 human tissues, and it is localized in the nucleus indicated by GFP fusion expression. Western blot confirmed that HN1 encodes a 16.5-kDa protein. HN1L is on chromosome 16p13.3, with three splicing in the length of 2.0, 4.0 and 4.2 kb, respectively. HN1L is expressed in a variety of tissues such as liver, kidney, prostate, testis and uterus at varying levels. HN1L gene encodes a 20-kDa protein, which is localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Fourteen of HN1 and sixteen of HN1L homologous genes in different species were determined and analyzed by BLAST searches. Silicon analyses of the 14 orthologous proteins of HN1 and 16 orthologous proteins of HN1L revealed that they share great conservation in vertebrate. Additionally, we identified nine pseudogenes of HN1 (six) and HN1L (three) in the genomes of the human, mouse and rat. Based on sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis, all these homologous genes and pseudogenes were defined as a HN1 gene family.
Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Motivos de Aminoácidos/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Northern Blotting , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular , Clonagem Molecular , Sequência Conservada/genética , DNA/química , DNA/genética , DNA Complementar/química , DNA Complementar/genética , Éxons , Feminino , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde , Células HeLa , Humanos , Íntrons , Proteínas Luminescentes/genética , Proteínas Luminescentes/metabolismo , Masculino , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Filogenia , Pseudogenes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/metabolismo , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , TransfecçãoRESUMO
We have identified two novel human SCAN domain genes ZNF396 and ZNF397, which are clustered within the region of chromosome 18q12. Three isoforms of ZNF396 transcript, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.9-kb, are expressed highly in liver. Four isoforms of ZNF397 transcript, 1.7, 2.5, 7.0 and 9.0-kb, are expressed in a variety of tissues, with varying levels. The SCAN-(C(2)H(2))(X) genes encode two distinct proteins due to a unique alternative splicing mechanism. Both ZNF396-fu (full zinc fingers) and ZNF397-fu consist of a SCAN domain in the N-terminal region and many consecutive C(2)H(2) zinc finger repeats in the C-terminal region. ZNF396-nf (no zinc fingers) and ZNF397-nf encode 210 and 198 amino acids, respectively, containing the SCAN domain only. ZNF396-fu, ZNF396-nf, ZNF397-fu or ZNF397-nf can homo-associate, while ZNF396-fu hetero-associates with ZNF396-nf, and ZNF397-fu hetero-associates with ZNF397-nf. ZNF396-nf and ZNF397-nf polypeptides are expressed diffusely in the cells, while ZNF396-fu and ZNF397-fu polypeptides target specifically to the nuclei. ZNF396-fu, ZNF396-nf and ZNF397-nf can repress reporter gene transcription, with ZNF397-nf having the strongest repression activity. Deletion analysis revealed that ZNF397-fu is a transcriptional activator without its nine zinc finger repeats.