RESUMO
This study evaluated the diuretic and antiurolithic effect of methanolic extract (MEGHL), dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate (EtA) fractions obtained from the leaves of Garcinia humilis, a medicinal plant known as achachairu and native to South American countries such as Bolivia, Peru, and Brazil. For the analysis of diuretic effect, the female rats received the treatment with MEGHL (3, 10, and 30â mg/kg), DCM (1, 3 and 10â mg/kg), EtA (1, 3, and 10â mg/kg), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 10â mg/kg), or vehicle (VEH) after an overload of saline solution. At the end 8â h of the experiment, the urinary parameters were measured. Additionally, the antiurolithic effect was analyzed, in which sodium oxalate was added in synthetic urine in the presence or absence of MEGHL, DCM, and EtA in different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, and 1â mg/mL). MEGHL, DCM, and EtA were able to promote 8-h diuresis in rats. MEGHL treatment at dose 30â mg/kg was accompanied by increased urinary Na+ , K+ and Cl- excretion. Moreover, the DCM and EtA fractions treatment increased K+ and Cl- excretion in the urine, although it does not cause any change in Na+ elimination. All the preparations were able to exert an antiurolithic effect inâ vitro, decreasing the number of calcium oxalate crystals of the monohydrate and dihydrate types. Taking together, the results presented herein showed that the preparations of G.â humilis leaves are promising strategies to induce diuresis and antiurolithic effects.