RESUMO
The essential oil of Achillea millefolium is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases and has been demonstrated previously to exert an in vitro antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. Current study investigates the genotoxic activity of A. millefolium oil. The oil's major constituents are: chamazulene (42.15%), sabinene (19.72%), terpin-4-ol (5.22%), beta-caryophyllene (4.44%) and eucalyptol (3.10%), comprising 74.63% of the total. The oil's genotoxic evaluation was performed at concentrations of 0.13 microL/mL, 0.19 microL/mL and 0.25 microL/mL with a heterozygous diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans, named A757//UT448, with green conidia. A statistically significant increasing number of yellow and white mitotic recombinants, per colony, of the diploid strain was reported after oil treatment with 0.19 microL/mL and 0.25 microL/mL concentrations. The genotoxicity of the oil was associated with the induction of mitotic non-disjunction or crossing-over by oil.
Assuntos
Achillea/química , Aspergillus nidulans/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Aspergillus nidulans/genética , Troca Genética/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Medicina Tradicional , Testes de Mutagenicidade , Não Disjunção Genética/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Isolates of Pyricularia grisea from wheat (Triticum aestivum Lam.) and triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) spikes with blast symptoms were analyzed by classical (VCG) and molecular (RAPD) techniques. P. grisea mutants, unable to use sodium nitrate (nit) as nitrogen source, were obtained with potassium chlorate. For vegetative compatibility (VCG) tests, genetically complementary nit mutant pairs were inoculated in a medium with sodium nitrate as a single nitrogen source. P. grisea isolates were divided into two vegetative compatibility groups and two RAPD groups. Since vegetative compatible strains may mutually exchange genetic and cytoplasmatic material, the contribution of the parasexual cycle in the genetic variability of Brazilian P. grisea isolates is discussed.