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1.
J Anal Psychol ; 67(3): 860-883, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35856596

RESUMO

The philosophy of nature as Jung's background has been overlooked, despite its relevance for understanding the roots of analytical psychology. The German psychoanalyst Georg Groddeck shared such a background, so that a comparison is possible between his clinical view and Jung's. It is shown that natural philosophers Paracelsus, Johann von Goethe and Carl Gustav Carus had a major impact on Jung and Groddeck. Both of the latter followed Carus's theory of a creative, superindividual, and compensatory unconscious - continuing the Naturphilosophie tradition and rejecting reductionist biophysical medicine. Groddeck and Jung's holistic perspective led them to advocate natural healing, face-to-face dialectical analysis, and the uniqueness of each treatment. Thus, they were against using techniques, and instead established general methods for analytic therapy. Groddeck's thinking was closer to Jung's than to Freud's in both theory and practice. Therefore, two alternative strands should be considered within psychoanalysis: Freud's classical drive theory and Groddeck's underground two-person psychology. Thereby, Jung's analytic descendants and the relational psychoanalysts who stemmed from Groddeck's ideas could be regarded as 'cousins' due to the similarities arising from their common origin in the philosophy of nature.


La philosophie de la nature en tant que contexte pour Jung n'a pas été suffisamment prise en compte, alors qu'elle est incontournable pour comprendre les racines de la psychologie analytique. Le psychanalyste allemand Georg Groddeck partageait cet intérêt, et ainsi une comparaison est possible entre ses perspectives cliniques et celles de Jung. Il est montré que les philosophes de la nature, tels Paracelse, Johann von Goethe et Carl Gustav Carus, ont eu un impact considérable sur Jung et Groddeck. Ces deux derniers ont suivi la théorie de Carus d'un inconscient créatif, super-individuel et compensatoire, qui est dans la droite ligne de la tradition de la Naturphilosophie et rejette la médecine biophysique réductionniste. Les perspectives holistiques de Groddeck et de Jung les conduisirent à se faire les avocats de la guérison naturelle, de l'analyse dialectique en face à face et de la singularité de chaque cure. Ainsi, ils étaient opposés à l'utilisation de techniques, et au lieu de cela ils établirent plutôt des méthodes générales pour la thérapie analytique. La pensée de Groddeck était plus proche de celle de Jung que de celle de Freud, à la fois en théorie et en pratique. Ainsi, deux courants alternatifs devraient être pris en compte dans la psychanalyse: la théorie freudienne classique des pulsions et la psychologie « avant-garde ¼ à deux personnes. Ainsi, les descendants analytiques de Jung et les psychanalystes relationnels issus des idées de Groddeck pourraient être considérés comme 'cousins' du fait des similarités qui proviennent de leur origine commune dans la philosophie de la nature.


La filosofía de la naturaleza como antecedente en Jung ha sido subestimado, a pesar de su relevancia para la comprensión de las raíces de la psicología analítica. El psicoanalista alemán George Groddeck compartió dichos antecedentes, por lo cual es posible la comparación entre su perspectiva clínica y la de Jung. Se ha demostrado que los filósofos naturales Paracelso, Johan von Goethe, y Carl Gustav Carus han tenido un impacto importante en Jung y en Groddeck. Ambos han sido seguidores de la teoría de Carus de un inconsciente creativo, supraindividual y compensatorio - continuando con la tradición de la Naturphilosophie y rechazando a la medicina reduccionista y biofísica. Las perspectivas holísticas de Groddeck y Jung los condujeron a promover la sanación natural, el análisis dialéctico cara-a-cara y la singularidad de cada tratamiento. Así, ellos estaban en contra de usar técnicas, y en cambio establecieron métodos generales para la terapia analítica. El pensamiento de Groddeck fue más cercano a Jung que a Freud tanto en la teoría como en la práctica. De este modo, dos líneas de pensamiento alternativas deberían ser consideradas al interior del psicoanálisis: teoría clásica de las pulsiones de Freud, y la psicología de dos-personas de Groddeck. Por lo tanto, los descendientes analíticos de Jung y los psicoanalistas relacionales quienes surgen a partir de las ideas de Groddeck podrían ser considerados como 'primos' debido a las similitudes que emergen a partir de su origen común en la filosofía de la naturaleza.


Assuntos
Teoria Junguiana , Família , Humanos , Idioma , Filosofia , Psicoterapia
2.
J Relig Health ; 60(6): 3907-3914, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33876340

RESUMO

Theophrastus Bombastus Von Hohenheim (1493-1541), known as Paracelsus, was a German-Swiss Renaissance man. His interests included alchemy and medicine. During the early 1500s, he worked as a physician, introducing mineral-based therapies to treat ailments. He is credited with developing the first recipe for laudanum, a powerful opium-based pain medication. He had radical beliefs, claiming that supreme knowledge could be reached by observing nature, not by reading books. He expressed rebellious opinions on religious topics and, though devoted Christian, criticized the Catholic Church, preaching that the spirit of Christianity dwells in the human soul and not within the church walls. Paracelsus' efforts to "renovate" the expression of the Christian faith by limiting the ritual and augmenting the spirituality among believers are presented.


Assuntos
Médicos , Terapias Espirituais , Catolicismo , Cristianismo , Humanos , Espiritualidade , Teologia
3.
Toxicol Rep ; 8: 411-414, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33717994

RESUMO

Theophrastus Bombastus Von Hohenheim known as Paracelsus was a German-Swiss homo universalis, or Renaissance man, whose interests included medicine, chemistry and toxicology. Characterized as a rebellious and great reformer of established medicine of his era, Paracelsus preferred observing nature, over studying ancient texts to find appropriate treatments for various diseases. He also used unconventional curative methods, such as minerals and other inorganic substances, which caused much controversy among his contemporaries. The main purpose of this article is to highlight his contribution on toxicology and the use of mercury.

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