Reflexoterapia e auriculoterapia para lombalgia aguda em docentes e discentes universitários: Ensaio clínico duplo-cego / Reflexotherapy and auriculotherapy for acute lumbalgia in university teachers and students: A double-blind clinical trial

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos da auriculoterapia e reflexoterapia podal para lombalgia aguda inespecífica em docentes e discentes universitários da área da saúde. Método: ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego, com 189 participantes distribuídos em três grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, reflexoterapia experimental e combinadas. Fora realizados 3 intervenções. Para a coleta foram utilizados: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual e Analógica de intensidade na avaliação da dor; e Questionário para Lombalgia. Os dados foram analisados no programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 18.0 Foram aplicados: teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov; testes Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para comparação entre os grupos, e Análise de variância com post hoc ou Kruskal-Wallis, conforme apropriado. Resultados: evidenciou-se redução significativa da dor nos três protocolos (p=<0,001) para o Questionário de lombalgia, mas na comparaçãoda escala da dor, houve menor eficácia no grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusão: Ambas as terapias são eficazes e indicadas para controle da lombalgia aguda(AU)

Objective: to compare the effects of auriculotherapy and foot reflex therapy for nonspecific acute low back pain in university professors and students in the health area. Method: clinical trial, randomized, controlled, double-blind, with 189 participants divided into three groups: experimental auriculotherapy, experimental reflex therapy and combined therapy. Three interventions were performed. For data collection, the following were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Visual and Analog Scale of intensity in pain assessment; and Low Back Pain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics program, version 18.0. The following were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test; Chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests for comparison between groups, and Analysis of variance with post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis, as appropriate. Results: there was a significant reduction in pain in the three protocols (p=<0.001) for the Low Back Pain Questionnaire, but when comparing the pain scale, there was less efficacy in the combined group (p=0.006). Conclusion: Both therapies are effective and indicated for the control of acute low back pain(AU)

Objetivo: comparar los efectos de la auriculoterapia y la terapia refleja podal en el dolor lumbar agudo inespecífico en profesores y estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, con 189 participantes divididos en tres grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, terapia refleja experimental y terapia combinada. Se realizaron tres intervenciones. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron: Cuestionario Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual y Analógica de intensidad en la valoración del dolor; y Cuestionario de dolor lumbar. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 18.0, se aplicaron: prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; Pruebas Chi-cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher para comparación entre grupos, y Análisis de varianza con post hoc o Kruskal-Wallis, según corresponda. Resultados: hubo reducción significativa del dolor en los tres protocolos (p=<0,001) para el Low Back Pain Questionnaire, pero al comparar la escala de dolor, hubo menor eficacia en el grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusión: Ambas terapias son efectivas e indicadas para el control del dolor lumbar agudo(AU)

Reflexoterapia e auriculoterapia para lombalgia aguda em docentes e discentes universitários: Ensaio clínico duplo-cego / Reflexoterapia y auriculoterapia para la lumbalgia aguda en universitarios: Un ensayo clínico doble ciego / Reflexotherapy and auriculotherapy for acute lumbalgia in university teachers and students: A double-blind clinical trial

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos da auriculoterapia e reflexoterapia podal para lombalgia aguda inespecífica em docentes e discentes universitários da área da saúde. Método: ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego, com 189 participantes distribuídos em três grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, reflexoterapia experimental e combinadas. Fora realizados 3 intervenções. Para a coleta foram utilizados: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual e Analógica de intensidade na avaliação da dor; e Questionário para Lombalgia. Os dados foram analisados no programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 18.0 Foram aplicados: teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov; testes Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para comparação entre os grupos, e Análise de variância com post hoc ou Kruskal-Wallis, conforme apropriado. Resultados: evidenciou-se redução significativa da dor nos três protocolos (p=<0,001) para o Questionário de lombalgia, mas na comparaçãoda escala da dor, houve menor eficácia no grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusão: Ambas as terapias são eficazes e indicadas para controle da lombalgia aguda(AU)

Objective: to compare the effects of auriculotherapy and foot reflex therapy for nonspecific acute low back pain in university professors and students in the health area. Method: clinical trial, randomized, controlled, double-blind, with 189 participants divided into three groups: experimental auriculotherapy, experimental reflex therapy and combined therapy. Three interventions were performed. For data collection, the following were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Visual and Analog Scale of intensity in pain assessment; and Low Back Pain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics program, version 18.0. The following were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test; Chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests for comparison between groups, and Analysis of variance with post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis, as appropriate. Results: there was a significant reduction in pain in the three protocols (p=<0.001) for the Low Back Pain Questionnaire, but when comparing the pain scale, there was less efficacy in the combined group (p=0.006). Conclusion: Both therapies are effective and indicated for the control of acute low back pain.(AU)

Objetivo: comparar los efectos de la auriculoterapia y la terapia refleja podal en el dolor lumbar agudo inespecífico en profesores y estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, con 189 participantes divididos en tres grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, terapia refleja experimental y terapia combinada. Se realizaron tres intervenciones. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron: Cuestionario Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual y Analógica de intensidad en la valoración del dolor; y Cuestionario de dolor lumbar. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 18.0, se aplicaron: prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; Pruebas Chi-cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher para comparación entre grupos, y Análisis de varianza con post hoc o Kruskal-Wallis, según corresponda. Resultados: hubo reducción significativa del dolor en los tres protocolos (p=<0,001) para el Low Back Pain Questionnaire, pero al comparar la escala de dolor, hubo menor eficacia en el grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusión: Ambas terapias son efectivas e indicadas para el control del dolor lumbar agudo.(AU)

Comparison of two methods of complementary medicine on postoperative pain and anxiety: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain and anxiety are unpleasant situations that are often experienced by women undergoing cesarean section. Since the routine methods of pain relief after surgery is still inadequate, the need for complementary treatments is felt. Foot Reflexology (FR) and Auricular Acupressure (AA) are two of the most popular and safe procedures of complementary and alternative medicine therapies. So, this study aimed to determine and compare the effectiveness of reflexology and AA on postoperative pain and anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This three-group randomized clinical trial study was performed on 101 pregnant women, admitted to Mashhad Omolbanin hospital, for a cesarean section, in 2015. In the intervention groups, 2-3 h after the operation, AA or FR was performed for 20 min. Routine care was provided for the control group. Pain and anxiety were evaluated by VAS and Spielberger anxiety questionnaire before and 1 and 2 h after the intervention. RESULTS: The results showed that immediately after the intervention, pain intensity was significantly lower in both AA and FR groups (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. In addition, 2 h after the interventions, pain intensity was significantly lower in the AA group compared with the control group (P = 0.006). However, no significant differences were observed between the FR and the control groups (P = 0.095). In addition, 1 and 2 h after the intervention, anxiety was significantly different between the three groups (P = 0.033 and P = 0.018), respectively. The results of the Tukey test showed that this difference was only between FR and control groups (P = 0.025 and P = 0.017), respectively. CONCLUSION: AA is more effective in reducing post-cesarean pain while FR effectively reduces post-cesarean anxiety. Therefore, these complementary medicine treatments as easy and noninvasive methods are recommended to be used during labor for improving maternal outcomes.

Research on clinical application of manual therapy to tumor-related adverse reactions / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To analyze the clinical application of manual therapy (MT) to tumor-related adverse reactions via summarizing the research at home and abroad, in order to provide more theoretical evidence for the clinical promotion of MT. Methods: We searched 7 Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Ovid and EBSCO. The publication date was between the establishment date of the database and December 31, 2020. We screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then sorted and analyzed the selected information. Results: A total of 46 papers were analyzed. Most studies focused on the adverse reactions in breast cancer patients. MT interventions demonstrated the best efficacy for fatigue, followed by pain, depression and anxiety. In different MT interventions, Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) was mainly adopted for fatigue, pain, anxiety, depression, and limb dysfunctions. Acupoint pressing was mainly adopted for gastrointestinal and psychological problems such as abdominal bloating, insomnia, depression and anxiety. The application of reflexotherapy was similar to that of Tuina. Conclusion: MT can alleviate various adverse reactions by effectively relieving patients' somatic symptoms and improving their psychological states and overall functions. It can be popularized as a significant non-drug therapy. Currently, however, the clinical application of MT is neither extensive nor has sufficient basic research. Consequently, we should attach importance to this application.

Glucose and reflexology for pain relief during arterial puncture in neonates: a protocol / Glucosa y reflexoterapia para alivio del dolor durante la punción arterial en neonatos: un protocolo / Glicose e reflexoterapia para alívio da dor durante punção arterial em neonatos: um protocolo

ABSTRACT Objective To present a study protocol to compare glucose and reflexology in pain relief in neonate intensive care during arterial punctures. Methods A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial protocol will be carried out at a teaching hospital maternity, with30 newborns admitted to neonate intensive care who are to undergo blood collection by arterial puncture. They will be randomly assigned to a control group (25% glucose) or an intervention group (foot reflexology). The primary outcome will be neonate pain scores during and after arterial puncture. Secondary outcomes will be crying time and variation in neonates' vital signs during and after the arterial puncture procedure. Registration number RBR-639bff. Discussion The results of this trial will provide new insights into the most appropriate intervention for the relief of neonate pain during painful procedures.

RESUMEN Objetivo Presentar un protocolo de estudio para comparar glucosa y reflexología en el alivio del dolor en cuidados intensivos neonatales durante la punción arterial. Método Protocolo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, en 30 recién nacidos en cuidados intensivos neonatales en la maternidad de un hospital escuela, que necesiten extracción de sangre por punción arterial. Serán asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo control (25% de glucosa) o a un grupo de intervención (reflexología podal). El resultado primario serán los escores de dolor neonatal durante y después de la punción arterial. Los resultados secundarios serán el tiempo de llanto y la variación en los signos vitales de los recién nacidos durante y después del procedimiento de punción arterial. Número de registro RBR-639bff. Discusión Los resultados de este ensayo proporcionarán nuevos conocimientos sobre la intervención más adecuada para el alivio del dolor neonatal durante los procedimientos dolorosos.

RESUMO Objetivo Apresentar um protocolo de estudo para comparar a glicose e reflexoterapia no alívio da dor em terapia intensiva neonatal durante a punção arterial. Método Protocolo de ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego, será realizado em 30recém-nascidos internados em terapia intensiva neonatal de uma maternidade escola que apresentem indicação de coleta de sangue por punção arterial. Serão distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupo controle (glicose 25%) ou grupo intervenção (reflexoterapia podal). O desfecho primário será escores de dor neonatal durante e após a punção arterial. Os desfechos secundários serão o tempo de choro e variação nos sinais vitais dos neonatos durante e após o procedimento da punção arterial. Número do registro RBR-639bff. Discussão Os resultados deste ensaio fornecerão novos conhecimentos sobre a intervenção mais adequada para o alívio da dor neonatal durante procedimentos dolorosos.

Comparison of Physiotherapy Approaches in Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of rehabilitation approaches in individuals with low back pain (LBP) on pain, spinal mobility, disability, and muscular strength. METHODS: Ninety volunteers were included and divided into four groups depending on the rehabilitation approach: group 1, soft tissue mobilization techniques and stabilization exercises (n=24; 11 females [F], 13 males [M]); group 2, Kinesio Taping and stabilization exercises (n=24; 12F, 12M); group 3, stabilization exercises (n=22; 11F, 11M); and group 4, reflex therapy and stabilization exercises (n=20; 10F, 10M). Visual Analog Scale for pain intensity, an isokinetic evaluation for strength at 60°/s and a side-plank position test for trunk stabilization were measured before and assessed at the beginning, after a 4-week treatment and during 4 weeks of follow-up. The functional status was evaluated with the Oswestry Disability Index. RESULTS: Individuals in all groups showed similar decrease in pain after the treatment and at 1-month follow-up, but there were no significant differences in pain levels between the groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: All therapeutic approaches were found to be effective in diminishing pain and thus helpful in increasing strength and stabilization in patients with LBP.

Massagem no alívio da dor neonatal em unidades de terapia intensiva: scoping review / Massage for neonatal pain relief in intensive care units: a scoping review

RESUMO Objetivo mapear o uso da massagem no alívio da dor neonatal durante os procedimentos realizados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos revisão de escopo realizada em 11 fontes de dados, seguindo recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Questionou-se: qual é o conhecimento sobre o uso da massagem no alívio da dor de recém-nascidos durante procedimentos dolorosos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal? Selecionaram-se 12 estudos para os resultados. Resultados a massagem terapêutica em neonatos mostra-se positiva na redução da pontuação em escalas de dor, diminuição das frequências cardíaca e respiratória, aumento na saturação de oxigênio, melhorias no estado comportamental, ganho de peso, desenvolvimento neurológico, menor tempo de choro e realização do procedimento doloroso. Conclusão a massagem/reflexoterapia mostra-se efetiva na redução da dor neonatal em unidades de terapia intensiva, sendo realizada em membros inferiores, calcanhar, dorso ou no local do procedimento, com pressão leve a moderada e duração média de cinco minutos.

ABSTRACT Objective to map the use of massage to relieve neonatal pain during procedures performed in Intensive Care Units. Methods a scoping review conducted in 11 data sources, following the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. The question was: what is the knowledge about the use of massage to relieve pain in newborns during painful procedures in a neonatal intensive care unit? 12 studies were selected for the results. Results therapeutic massage in newborns is positive in reducing the score on pain scales, decreasing heart and respiratory rates, increasing oxygen saturation, improvements in behavioral status, weight gain, neurological development, shorter crying time and performing the painful procedure. Conclusion massage/reflexotherapy is effective in reducing neonatal pain in intensive care units, being performed on lower limbs, heel, back or at the procedure site, with light to moderate pressure and an average duration of five minutes.

[Acupuncture as a factor of correction of «final points¼ and improving the quality of life at the stage of rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke]. / Refleksoterapiya kak faktor korrektsii «konechnykh tochek¼ i uluchsheniya kachestva zhizni na etape reabilitatsii patsientov, perenesshikh ishemicheskii insul't.

All parameters of the quality of life of patients after cerebral stroke are reduced. There is relatively little information about the impact of stroke and the features of rehabilitation technologies in the acute period on the quality of life of patients in the period of residual events. AIM: The study of quality of life indicators for patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke after three years from the onset of the condition, as well as the incidence of recurrent strokes and mortality in the residual period, depending on the rehabilitation methods in the acute period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to identify the frequency of recurrent strokes and the mortality rate in the post-stroke period, a three-year prospective observation of 330 patients (220 patients of the main group, whose early rehabilitation was optimized using various methods of reflexotherapy, and 110 patients of the comparison group who underwent traditional pharmacotherapy in combination with physiotherapy and Exercise therapy) was performed. To study the quality of life (using the MOS SF-36 questionnaire), 140 people from the main group and 40 from the comparison group were selected by random sampling. RESULTS: The main group showed a lower incidence of recurrent stroke episodes (3.2%) and mortality (1.8%) compared with the comparison group (12.7 and 13.6%, respectively). Comparison of quality of life indicators in the studied groups revealed higher values for all subscales of the MOS SF-36 questionnaire in the group of patients who received reflexotherapy in the acute period of ischemic stroke, and for several subscales, the differences were statistically significant: in the acute period, by subscales RP (p<0.05), GH (p<0.05), VT (p<0.05), SF (p<0.05), RE (p<0.05), MH (p<0.05), after three years - by subscales PF (p<0.05), GH (p<0.05), VT (p<0.01) and MH (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, optimization of early rehabilitation by including from the first days reflexotherapy methods helps to improve the indicators of both the physical and mental components of the patients' health not only in the acute but also in the long term, and also helps to reduce the frequency of repeated strokes and the mortality rate in the post-stroke period.

[A study of the functions of the autonomic nervous system in socially active people in conditions of meteo-climatic maladaptation]. / Otsenka funktsii vegetativnoi nervnoi sistemy u sotsial'no aktivnykh lits v usloviiakh meteoklimaticheskoi dizadaptatsii.

AIM: To develop the algorithm of prognosis and prevention of climatic maladaptation in healthy young people with peculiarities of the autonomic nervous system (VNS) during off-season and treatment the identified disturbances with reflexotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: VNS functions were assessed in load conditions in 145 people in the beginning and in the end of a rest at the Black Sea coast. The Vein's questionnaire, active orthoclinostatic test (AOT), and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and ECG recording were used. Spielberger-Khanin test was administered to assess anxiety. Autonomic disorders caused by climatic maladaptation were treated with reflexotherapy. RESULTS: AOT has shown VNS dysfunctions in 67.7% of subjects, HRV analysis in 54.3%, and the Vein questionnaire in 96.55%. There was no significant difference between the results of AOT and HRV analysis, while the Vein questionnaire results exceeded them both (Pearson χ2, p<0.05), being 1,4 times greater than the HRV analysis result. This higher percentage is explained by the high level of subjects' trait anxiety. CONCLUSION: The practical value of the Vein questionnaire for the diagnosis, choice and assessment of treatment is confirmed.

A Case Study: Effects of Foot Reflexotherapy in an Infant with Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Sensoryneuronal hearing loss (SNHL) is one type of hearing impairment. The incidence of hearing loss (HL) is 1-3 per 1000 births. Complementary therapies may be effective in addressing the maladies of infants with HL. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of foot reflexotherapy in an infant with SNHL. The patient was a 3-month-old infant with SNHL. Pretest and post-test for HL were conducted using an audiologic method (auditory brainstem responses) combined with behavioral audiometry. The subject was treated with foot reflexotherapy for 30 min per session four times per week for a period of 24 weeks. Foot reflexotherapy was effective in auditory recuperation of an infant with SNHL. The results of this novel study suggest that foot reflexotherapy can be an effective complementary treatment for infants with SNHL, especially for those 3 to 9 months of age.

Results of foot reflexotherapy in acute lower back pain of the nursing team: controlled randomized clinical test / Resultados da reflexoterapia na dor lombar aguda da equipe de enfermagem: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Musculoskeletal disorder is characterized by changes in neuromuscular, tendinous and joint functions that impact the functionality of the affected areas, especially with pain. The intervention with reflexotherapy is a non-invasive alternative and allows instant control of acute occupational low back pain. The objective of this study was to describe the results of foot reflexology in the relief of acute low back pain related to the nursing staff job. METHODS: Double-blind controlled clinical trial. Thirty-six effective participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Reflexotherapy was applied for low back pain in the sample groups in two sessions with a 72-hour interval. Data collection was performed with the visual analog scale to assess pain before and after the interventions, and a questionnaire for low back pain at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed with the following tests: Shapiro Wilk, for sample normality; Chi-square or Fisher's Exact, for the association ­between categorical variables and t-test. RESULTS: There was statistical significance with the foot reflexology in the relief of acute low back pain, with p=0.000 for the visual analog scale and the data of the questionnaire for low back pain p=0.0002. CONCLUSION: Reflexotherapy showed to be effective in reducing the intensity of acute pain among nursing professionals in this study. The Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials is RBR-5ndq22.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O distúrbio osteomuscular é caracterizado por alterações nas funções neuromusculares, tendinosas e articulares, que provocam impacto na funcionalidade da área afetada e, principalmente, dor. A intervenção com a reflexoterapia é uma alternativa não invasiva que possibilita controle imediato da dor lombar aguda ocupacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os resultados da reflexoterapia podal no alívio da dor lombar aguda relacionada ao trabalho da equipe de enfermagem. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico controlado, duplamente encoberto. Trinta e seis participantes efetivos foram randomicamente alocados em grupo experimental e controle. Aplicou-se a reflexoterapia para dor lombar nos grupos amostrais em duas sessões, com intervalo de 72 horas. A coleta de dados foi realizada com a escala analógica visual de intensidade na avaliação da dor, antes e depois das intervenções e questionário para lombalgia, no início e fim da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados com os testes Shapiro Wilk, para normalidade da amostra; Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, para associação das variáveis categóricas e teste t. RESULTADOS: Houve significância estatística com a reflexoterapia podal no alívio da dor lombar aguda, obtendo-se p=0,000, para a escala analógica visual, e nos dados do questionário para lombalgia p=0,0002. CONCLUSÃO: A reflexoterapia mostrou-se eficaz na redução da intensidade dador lombar aguda dos profissionais de enfermagem, neste estudo. O Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos é RBR-5ndq22.

Reflexoterapia podal para lombalgia aguda ocupacional: ensaio clínico randomizado duplo cego / Foot reflexology for acute occupational low back pain: a double-blind randomized clinical trial / Reflexoterapia podal para lumbago agudo ocupacional: ensayo clínico aleatorizado doble-ciego

OBJETIVO: Comparar os efeitos da reflexoterapia podal no alívio da lombalgia aguda ocupacional da equipe de enfermagem. MÉTODO: ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego. Participaram 36 profissionais efetivos, randomicamente alocados. A coleta de dados foi realizada com a Escala Visual e Analógica de intensidade da dor, antes e depois das aplicações do protocolo de reflexoterapia e Questionário para Lombalgia, aplicado no início e fim da pesquisa. Para normalidade da amostra utilizou-se o teste Shapiro Wilk; teste Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para verificar a significância da associação entre variáveis categóricas; teste de Wilcoxon (dados não paramétricos) e teste t (dados paramétricos). RESULTADO: reflexoterapia podal apresentou efeito significativo (p=0,000) nas etapas de intervenção para alívio da intensidade da dor lombar aguda, tanto no escore do EVA, quanto no Questionário para Lombalgia (p=0,0002). CONCLUSÕES: a reflexoterapia apresentou efeitos estatisticamente significativos na redução da lombalgia aguda dos profissionais da Enfermagem

AIM: To compare the effects of foot reflexology in relieving acute occupational low back pain in the nursing team. METHOD: randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Participants included 36 randomly allocated, effective professionals. Data collection was performed with the Visual and Analogue Scale of pain intensity, before and after the applications of the reflexotherapy protocol and Questionnaire for Low Back Pain, applied at the beginning and end of the research. For normality of the sample the Shapiro Wilk test, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to verify the significance of the association between categorical variables; Wilcoxon test (non-parametric data) and t-test (parametric data). RESULT: reflexotherapy showed significant effect (p=0.000) in the intervention stages to alleviate the intensity of acute low back pain, both in the VAS score and in the Low Back Pain Questionnaire (p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: reflexotherapy showed statistically significant effects on the reduction of acute low back pain in Nursing professionals.

OBJETIVO: Comparar los efectos de la reflexoterapia podal en el alivio del lumbago agudo ocupacional del equipo de enfermería. MÉTODO: ensayo clínico aleatorizado, controlado, doble-ciego. Participaron 36 profesionales efectivos, asignados aleatoriamente. El muestreo se realizó con la Escala Visual y Analógica de intensidad del dolor, antes y después de las aplicaciones del protocolo de reflexoterapia y con el Cuestionario para Lumbago, aplicado al inicio y fin de la investigación. Para normalizar la muestra se utilizó el test Shapiro Wilk; test Chi-cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher para verificar la significancia de la asociación entre las variables categóricas; test de Wilcoxon (datos no paramétricos) y test t (datos paramétricos). RESULTADO: La reflexoterapia podal presentó efecto significativo (p=0,000) en las etapas de intervención para aliviar la intensidad del dolor lumbar agudo, tanto en el escore del EVA, como en el Cuestionario para Lumbago (p=0,0002). CONCLUSIONES: La reflexoterapia presentó efectos estadísticamente significativos en la reducción del lumbago agudo de los profesionales de Enfermería.

A case study: Effects of foot reflexotherapy on ADHD symptoms and enuresis nocturia in a child with ADHD and enuresis nocturia.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can occur in association with enuresis nocturia. Alternative therapies may be effective in addressing the maladies of children with ADHD comorbidities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of foot reflexotherapy in a child with ADHD and enuresis nocturia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient was an 8-year-old child with ADHD and enuresis nocturia. Pre- and post-tests for ADHD were completed using Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Teacher Rating Scale. The subject was treated with foot reflexotherapy for 20-min per session twice per week for a period of 8 weeks. RESULTS: The child showed improvement in ADHD symptoms and his enuresis nocturia disappeared completely after foot reflexotherapy. CONCLUSION: Foot reflexotherapy was effective in improving inattention, hyperactivity in the child with ADHD. The results of this novel study suggest that foot reflexotherapy can be effective in treating ADHD child with enuresis nocturia.

The effect of foot reflexotherapy on the dynamics of cortical oscillatory waves in healthy humans: An EEG study.

BACKGROUND: Foot reflexotherapy is a noninvasive complementary therapy that has gained considerable application in several fields of human endeavor. The therapy is used to relieve the symptoms of several ailments. For instance, foot reflexotherapy when applied to the cortical areas of the left or right foot relieves pain and stress. However, the electrophysiological mechanisms of the effect of foot reflexotherapy on cortical activity are not completely understood. While it has been shown that foot reflexotherapy exert positive effects on brain functions, little is known about the effects of this therapy on cortical activities as recorded with electroencephalogram (EEG) in healthy humans. Cortical activity is widely investigated with EEG, a noninvasive recording that is used to study brain activity in different functional states and conditions. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foot reflexotherapy on EEG rhythms in healthy humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS: EEG recording before and after reflexological therapy was carried out in seven healthy right-handed males who volunteered for the study. RESULTS: Analysis of EEG data revealed activation offrontal cortex that resulted to significant increase in beta and gamma spectral powers after foot reflexotherapy (p ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Foot reflexotherapy is associated with increase in spectral powers in beta and gamma frequency bands. Therefore cortical beta and gamma waves of the EEG could be used as measures of functional activation of the brain, related to foot reflexotherapy.

[Reflectory cough. The causes, diagnostics and the possibilities for the combined treatment]. / Reflektornyi kashel'. Prichiny, diagnostika i vozmozhnosti kompleksnoi terapii.

The main cause of reflectory cough is neurogenic hyperventilation. The clinical signs of reflectory cough include its dry and back-breaking character, the gradual increase and abrupt beginning, impossibility to stop the coughing fit, and the feeling of shortness of breath. The triggers of a coughing attack can be a deep breath, a talk, physical and/or psycho-emotional stress, fatigue, and other sensations. The typical laryngological signs of the condition in question include the broad glottal aperture (up to 20 mm and more in contrast to its normal maximum width of 15 mm) and the spasm of the vocal cords in response to inspiration. The clinic of Diseases of Ear, Throat and Nose affiliated with I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University has gained the extensive experience with the treatment of more than 500 patients presenting with reflectory cough. All these patients received the combined treatment including 10 procedures for intracutaneous novocaine blockade of the Zakhar'in-Geda zones in the larynx in the combination with auricular reflexotherapy and respiratory gymnastics intended to eliminate hyperventilation and sedative medications and myorelaxants to remove the pathologically enhanced muscle tone as well as calcium-containing preparations if indicated.

The effect of reflexotherapy and massage therapy on vital signs and stress before coronary angiography: An open-label clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Complementary medicine interventions are now successfully used to reduce stress as well as to stabilize hemodynamic indices within different procedures. The present study aimed to examine the effect of massage therapy and reflexotherapy on reducing stress in patients before coronary angiography. METHODS: In this open-label clinical trial, 75 consecutive patients who were candidate for coronary angiography were randomly assigned to receive reflexotherapy (n = 25), or massage therapy (n = 25), or routine care (n = 25) before angiography. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to determine the stress level of patients before and after interventions and vital signs were also measured. RESULTS: Improvement in diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate was shown in the reflexotherapy group, and similar effects were observed following other interventions including massage therapy and routine resting program. In subjects who received reflexotherapy the level of stress decreased slightly compared with the other two groups. However, following interventions the level of stress in reflexotherapy group was shown to be lower than other study groups. CONCLUSION: Reflexotherapy before coronary angiography can help to stabilize vital sign as well as reduce the level of stress. The effect of massage therapy was limited to reducing stress.

[Analysis of the efficacy of reflexology in the complex treatment of chronic migraine]. / Analiz éffektivnosti refleksoterapii v kompleksnom lechenii khronicheskoi migreni.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of different reflexology techniques on main clinical indices of patients with chronic migraine, the number of analgesics used and dynamics of chronic migraine comorbid disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 84 patients (60 women (71.5%) and 24 men (28.5%)), aged from 18 to 63 years, with a diagnosis of chronic migraine. Patients were randomized in 4 groups - Su Jok (n=22), acupuncture (n=22), electroacupuncture (n=20), control (n=20). Topiramate was administered in all groups in dose of 100 mg daily. Patients were evaluated before treatment, after 4 and 16 weeks from randomization. RESULTS: There was a marked regression in frequency of headache in reflexological groups in comparison with the control. The number of days with headache was 19±1.12 at baseline and 6.57±1.3 days after treatment in the Su Jok group; 21.6±1.688 and 7±1.786 days in the acupuncture group; 20.25±1.97 and 5.75±0.633 days in the electroacupuncture group. Each of the methods had an impact on various clinical aspects of chronic migraine and comorbid disorders: Su Jok was most effective in treatment of autonomic disorders, the use of acupuncture resulted in the significant reduction of headache intensity and regression of anxiety disorders. The electroacupuncture group showed a significant increase in pain threshold and the least number of days with headache per month. CONCLUSION: Reflexotherapy is a method of choice in the complex treatment of patients with chronic migraine. Taking into account complex diagnosis, the individually oriented approach in prescribing of different reflexology techniques for successful treatment and subsequent rehabilitation of patients with chronic migraine is required.

Reflexoterapia podal para alívio da dor lombar aguda relacionada ao trabalho da equipe de enfermagem: ensaio clínico randomizado / Foot Refletotherapy for relief of acute lower back pain related to work of nursing staff: randomized clinical trial

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) são definidos por condições vinculadas a fatores estressores e repetitivos no trabalho que debilitam a estrutura musculoesquelética corpórea. Dentre as profissões da área da saúde, a equipe de enfermagem é a mais afetada pelo distúrbio, uma vez que a própria função exige força, movimentos repetitivos acompanhados de posturas inadequadas para execução de procedimentos nas atividades realizadas. Assim, esse estudo direcionou atenção para a dor aguda, localizada na região lombar, uma vez que é a área mais comprometida por DORT que acomete os profissionais na equipe de enfermagem e propôs uma intervenção para alívio desta dor com a reflexoterapia podal. Para tanto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar o resultado da aplicação da reflexoterapia podal no alívio da dor lombar aguda, ocasionada por DORT na equipe de enfermagem atuante em ambiente hospitalar. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como um ensaio clínico piloto, randomizado, controlado, duplo cego, desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) e aplicado no Hospital Universitário Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago (HU-UFSC), no período de maio a julho de 2016. A pesquisa teve aprovação em abril pelo Comitê de Pesquisa com Seres Humanos (CEPSH-UFSC) sob o registro protocolar CAAE: 54909616.0.0000.0121. Obteve-se publicação no Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) sob registro RBR-5ndq22. Participaram efetivamente da pesquisa 36 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem atuantes, alocados randomicamente em grupos controle e experimental, da qual foram submetidos ao protocolo de reflexoterapia para dor lombar em duas sessões com intervalo de 72 horas. Os instrumentos da pesquisa para coleta de dados foram a escala visual e analógica de intensidade na avaliação da dor (EVA) e o Questionário para lombalgia. Para análise dos dados foram aplicados o teste de Shapiro Wilk, para normalidade da amostra, teste do Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para calcular associação das variáveis categóricas, o teste de Wilcoxon para distribuição não paramétrica e teste t para dados paramétricos e na avaliação das associações entre variáveis contínuas aplicou-se o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson ou Spearman. Adotou-se o nível de significância de p<0,05 para um intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Os resultados apresentaram significância estatística para aplicação da reflexoterapia podal no alívio da intensidade da dor, finalizado com pesquisa p=0,000 para os dados obtidos no instrumento EVA. Nos resultados do questionário para lombalgia, houve significância positiva para redução da dor lombar aguda com aplicação da reflexoterapia (p=0,000). A reflexoterapia é uma técnica milenar de manipulação em pontos específicos dos pés mãos e orelhas (pontos reflexos), cuja resposta ao estímulo é o bem estar, promoção da saúde, tratamento de distúrbios fisiológicos e ou emocionais, alívio da sintomatologia do estresse, e principalmente alívio da dor. Conclui-se que a prática é eficaz na redução da intensidade da dor lombar aguda nos profissionais da Enfermagem participantes deste estudo. (AU)

The Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are defined by conditions linked to stressor and repetitive factors at work which weaken the body's musculoskeletal structure. Among the health professions, the nursing staff is the most affected by the disorder, since the activity itself requires strength, repetitive movements and generally unsuitable postures for the execution of procedures and activities carried out. Thus, this study directed attention to acute pain, located in the lower back region, since it is the most affected area by WMSDs among professionals in the nursing staff and proposed an intervention for relief from this pain with foot reflexology. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the result of the application of foot reflexology for relieving acute low back pain, caused by WMSDs of the nursing staff working in the hospital environment. The research was characterized as a pilot clinical trial, randomized, controlled and double-blind, developed by the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and applied at the University Hospital Polydoro de São Thiago Ernani (HU-UFSC), from May to July of 2016. The research was approved in April by the Research Committee on Human Beings (CEPSH-UFSC) under the registration protocol CAAE: 54909616.0.0000.0121. It was published in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) under registry RBR5ndq22. Thirty-six (36) active nursing staff professionals participated effectively of the research, randomly allocated into control and experimental groups, and subjected to reflexotherapy protocol for low back pain in two sessions with an interval of 72 hours. The research instruments for data collection were the visual analog scale of intensity in the assessment of pain (VAS) and the Questionnaire for low back pain. For data analysis, were applied the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality of the sample, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to calculate the combination of categorical variables, the Wilcoxon test for nonparametric distribution and t test for parametric data; for evaluating the associations between continuous variables, we applied the correlation coefficient of Pearson or Spearman. The p significance level < 0.05 for a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was adopted. The results were statistically significant for the application of foot reflexology in diminishing the intensity of pain, finished with research p = 0.000 for the data obtained in the VAS instrument. In the results of the questionnaire for low back pain, there was a positive significance for the reduction of acute low back pain with the application of reflexotherapy (p = 0.000). Reflexotherapy is an ancient technique of manipulation on specific points of the feet, hands and ears (reflex points). The response to the stimulus is well-being, health promotion, treatment of physiological and or emotional disorders, relieving stress symptoms, and mainly pain relief. It follows that practice was effective in reducing the intensity of acute low back pain of nursing professionals participating in this study. (AU)

The effect of reflexotherapy on patients' vital signs before coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

BACKGROUND: Medical operation is an anxious factor that causes physiological reactions in body which consequently increases respiratory rate, heart rate and blood pressure. The aim of this study is assessing the effect of reflexotherapy on vital signs of patients before coronary artery bypass surgery in Shahid Chamran hospital of Isfahan. METHODS: Fifty volunteer patients candidated for coronary artery bypass surgery were enrolled in this clinical trial. They were divided in two (control and treatment) groups. Vital signs were measured pre and post 30 minutes reflexotherapy in treatment group. Vital signs were also measured in patients in control group at the same condition of the treatment group, but reflexotherapy was not performed. RESULTS: The mean differences of vital signs was not significant in control and treatment groups at the baseline. But post reflexotherapy intervention, systolic and diastolic blood pressure lowered significantly in the treatment group in comparison with control group (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed for other vital sign. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study shows that reflexotherapy is a safe, effective, cheep nursing intervention in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure of patients before coronary artery bypass surgery.

Effect of Foot Reflexomassage on Constipation-affected College Women / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to determine the effects of foot reflexomassage on constipated college women for the treatment of constipation. METHOD: The researcher sampled nursing students attending a college of nursing science in Gyeonggi-Do, and checked if they were affected by constipation in reference to the Rome II criteria & CAS. They were randomly divided into an experimental group(15 subjects) and a control group(15 subjects). Foot reflexomassage was applied to the experimental group 10 times in 2 weeks : each time lasted 40 minutes. The frequency of defecation and severity of constipation by CAS were measured. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 11.5 program. RESULT: The CAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower after foot reflexomassage than those of the control group (p=.000). CONCLUSION: Foot reflexomassage can be considered an effective alternative treatment for constipated young women.