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1.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 130 Suppl 1: 110622, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31238136

RESUMO

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. Methyl 2-nonenoate was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog ethyl trans-2,cis-4-decadienoate (CAS # 3025-30-7) show that methyl 2-nonenoate is not expected to be genotoxic. The repeated dose, reproductive, and local respiratory toxicity endpoints were evaluated using the TTC for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to methyl 2-nonenoate is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day, 0.03 mg/kg/day, and 1.4 mg/day, respectively). Data from the target and read-across analog isobutyl-2-butenoate (CAS # 589-66-2) do not indicate the material is a sensitizer. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on data and UV spectra; methyl 2-nonenoate is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; methyl 2-nonenoate was found not to be PBT as per the IFRA Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., PEC/PNEC), are <1.


Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/química , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Perfumes/química , Perfumes/toxicidade , Testes de Toxicidade/métodos , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Medição de Risco
2.
Environ Sci Technol ; 46(4): 2352-9, 2012 Feb 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22264141

RESUMO

The potential ecological impacts of aerobic biodegradation of vegetable oils on contaminated water columns was investigated in the laboratory at different oil loadings (100, 333, and 1,000 gal acre(-1)) and mixing regimes (fully, moderately, and nonmixed microcosms). The impacts were estimated by use of the Microtox assay and dissolved oxygen concentration measurements. The results of the Microtox assay showed no major toxicity at the 100 gal acre(-1) loading. Furthermore, oxygen was not completely depleted from the water column at this oil coverage. At higher oil loadings, oxygen was fully depleted from the mixed and nonmixed water columns. A transient toxicity in the aqueous phase was observed in the case of the moderately mixed microcosms at 333 gal acre(-1) and was maintained at moderate levels (EC(50) ∼ 30%) in the nonmixed microcosms. A substantial increase in toxicity (EC(50) ∼ 10%) was observed in both mixing conditions when the initial oil loading was increased to 1,000 gal acre(-1). At all oil loadings, significant toxicity (EC(50) < 2%) was found in the solid phase due to the strong partition of lipids to the biomass. Long and medium chains fatty acids associated with the measured toxicity were detected in both liquid and solid phases.


Assuntos
Bactérias/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/metabolismo , Poluentes da Água/metabolismo , Aerobiose , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Biodegradação Ambiental , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Medições Luminescentes , Oxigênio/análise , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Óleo de Brassica napus , Poluentes da Água/toxicidade
3.
Life Sci ; 87(5-6): 139-46, 2010 Jul 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20540954

RESUMO

AIMS: In the present work we investigated the in vitro effect of cis-4-decenoic acid, the pathognomonic metabolite of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, on various parameters of bioenergetic homeostasis in rat brain mitochondria. MAIN METHODS: Respiratory parameters determined by oxygen consumption were evaluated, as well as membrane potential, NAD(P)H content, swelling and cytochrome c release in mitochondrial preparations from rat brain, using glutamate plus malate or succinate as substrates. The activities of citric acid cycle enzymes were also assessed. KEY FINDINGS: cis-4-decenoic acid markedly increased state 4 respiration, whereas state 3 respiration and the respiratory control ratio were decreased. The ADP/O ratio, the mitochondrial membrane potential, the matrix NAD(P)H levels and aconitase activity were also diminished by cis-4-decenoic acid. These data indicate that this fatty acid acts as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation and as a metabolic inhibitor. cis-4-decenoic acid also provoked a marked mitochondrial swelling when either KCl or sucrose was used in the incubation medium and also induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria, suggesting a non-selective permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane. SIGNIFICANCE: It is therefore presumed that impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis provoked by cis-4-decenoic acid may be involved in the brain dysfunction observed in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient patients.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Acil-CoA Desidrogenase/deficiência , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Citocromos c/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocromos c/metabolismo , Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Membranas Mitocondriais/efeitos dos fármacos , Membranas Mitocondriais/metabolismo , NADP/efeitos dos fármacos , NADP/metabolismo , Fosforilação Oxidativa/efeitos dos fármacos , Consumo de Oxigênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
4.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 47(1): 157-62, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19022330

RESUMO

Canola oil (CO) given as a dietary fat deteriorates hypertension-related condition and shortens the life of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Although substances other than fatty acids have been presumed as causatives, CO mimics consisting of oils other than CO also shorten the life. In this study we intended to examine whether or not fatty acid composition unique to CO participates in the adverse effect. CO or an interesterified CO mimic (ICOM) consisting of safflower oil, flaxseed oil and erucic acid was fed as a dietary fat for 13 weeks to Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, and clinical and pathological signs were compared. WKY rats were used to avoid the difficulty in evaluating the results in SHRSP due to irregular deterioration in conditions by stroke. Compared to a standard diet, both diets containing CO or ICOM similarly elevated blood pressure, increased plasma lipids, activated hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, decreased platelets, shortened blood coagulation times and induced abnormalities in the kidney. Thus, CO-specific fatty acid composition appeared to affect the pathophysiology of the rat and produce consequent aggravation of pathological status, especially in SHRSP. However, the existence of causative factors other than fatty acids was suggested by increased neutrophil count exclusively induced by CO.


Assuntos
Gorduras na Dieta/análise , Gorduras na Dieta/toxicidade , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Ácidos Graxos/química , Ácidos Graxos/toxicidade , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea , Dieta , Masculino , Óleo de Brassica napus , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos WKY
5.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 45(10): 1830-7, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17532109

RESUMO

Because of the accessible and renewable nature of feedstock and the potential for the reduction of harmful combustion emissions and greenhouse gases, biodiesels have received increasing interest as an alternate fuel. Oral exposure to biodiesels is a concern because of contact during refuelling, accidental ingestion and exposure through ground water contamination. Although biodiesels from various feedstock are in use commercially and experimentally, very little is known about their potential adverse effects and no data is available on their potential for ground water contamination. A study was performed on male rats following oral treatment with experimental biodiesels (dissolved in corn oil) derived from canola oil (Bio-C), soy oil (Bio-S) and fish oil (Bio-F), at 500 mg/kg body weight/day, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. Separate groups of animals were treated with low sulfur diesel (LSD) for comparison purpose, and with corn oil alone to serve as control. The potential for ground water contamination by biodiesels was investigated by the preparation of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) followed by gas chromatographic analysis. WAF from Bio-F and Bio-S was found to have the highest level of dichloromethane extractable materials. Gas chromatographic analysis indicated that the extractable materials from biodiesels contained much higher proportion of C15-C30 materials than LSD. Increased liver weight was observed in animal treated with Bio-C, Bio-S and LSD and decreased thymus weight was found in those treated with Bio-S. Histopathological changes typical of male-rat specific hyaline-droplet nephropathy were detected in kidney tubules of animals treated with LSD, Bio-S and Bio-C. Mild adaptive changes were observed in thyroids of animals treated with LSD, Bio-S and Bio-F. Clinical chemical and biochemical changes were confined to Bio-S and LSD treated rats and included elevation in some hepatic phase-I and phase-II drug metabolizing enzymes and hepatic palmitoyl Co-A oxidase, and elevated urinary concentrations of ascorbic acid and albumin. At the given dose level of 500 mg/kg bw/day, the overall treatment-related effects of biodiesels and LSD are mild, and the severity of the treatment effects may be ranked as: LSD>Bio-S>Bio-C>Bio-F. Considered together with the presence of a higher level of water extractable materials, Bio-S may be more of a concern for potential human health than Bio-C and Bio-F in an oral exposure scenario. Further studies are needed to identify and characterize the constituents contributing to the treatment-related effects specific to these experimental biodiesels.


Assuntos
Óleos Combustíveis/toxicidade , Gasolina/toxicidade , Algoritmos , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Gasosa , Óleo de Milho/análise , Óleo de Milho/toxicidade , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/análise , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Óleos de Peixe/análise , Óleos de Peixe/toxicidade , Óleos Combustíveis/análise , Gasolina/análise , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Projetos Piloto , Óleo de Brassica napus , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medição de Risco , Glycine max/química , Glycine max/toxicidade , Enxofre/química
6.
Phytochem Anal ; 18(2): 133-45, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17439014

RESUMO

Two new compounds, 14-methyl stigmast-9(11)-en-3alpha-ol-3beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and cholest-11-en-3beta, 6beta, 7alpha, 22beta-tetraol-24-one-3beta-palmitoleate (2), along with the known compound beta-sitosteryl-3beta-D-glucopyranosyl-6'-linoleiate (3), were isolated from the methanolic extract of rice (Oryza sativa) hulls. The structures of the two new compounds were elucidated using one- and two-dimensional NMR in combination with IR, EI/MS, FAB/MS, HR-EI/MS and HR-FAB/MS. In bioassays with blue-green algae, Microcystis aeruginosa UTEX 2388 and duckweed, Lemna paucicostata Hegelm 381, the efficacy of bioactivity of the two new compounds linearly increased as the concentration increased from 0.3 to 300 IgM. Compared with momilactone A, compounds 1 and 2 showed similar and higher inhibitory activities against the growth of M. aeruginosa at a concentration of 300 microM. However, compound 2 was similar to momilactone A in inhibiting L. paucicostata growth at a concentration of 300 microM. As a result, compound 2 appears to have a strong potential for the environmentally friendly control of weed and algae that are harmful to water-logged rice.


Assuntos
Colestadienóis/química , Colestadienóis/toxicidade , Cianobactérias/fisiologia , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/química , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Glucosídeos/química , Glucosídeos/toxicidade , Herbicidas , Ácidos Linoleicos/química , Ácidos Linoleicos/toxicidade , Oryza/química , Sitosteroides/química , Sitosteroides/toxicidade , Esteroides/química , Esteroides/toxicidade , Diterpenos/toxicidade , Hidrólise , Lactonas/toxicidade , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Microcystis/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de Átomos , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho
7.
Toxicol Lett ; 136(3): 205-16, 2003 Jan 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12505274

RESUMO

In 1981, over 20,000 people were struck with toxic oil syndrome (TOS). H-2s strains of mice have been shown to develop symptoms of TOS after exposure to toxic oil. We examined the effects of toxic oil on A.SW mice, which are susceptible to chemically-induced autoimmunity, but do not spontaneously develop autoimmune disease. Mice were treated with three types of toxic oil: CO756 (case oil from Spain), RSD99 (rapeseed oil with no 3-(N-phenylamino)-1-2-propanediol (PAP) derivatives) and RSA99 (rapeseed oil supplemented with PAP derivatives). Mercuric chloride treated mice were used as a positive control. After toxic oil treatment, there were no consistent differences in body weight or organ weight (liver, kidney, thymus and spleen) as a percent of body weight at any of these timepoints: 2.5, 5 or 10 weeks. We also found that treatment with toxic oil did not induce autoantibody formation or lead to increased serum levels of IgG1, IgG2a or IgE at these timepoints. Conversely, at all timepoints, there were significant increases in organ weight as a percent of body weight in the mercury treated mice. Additionally, mercuric chloride treated mice had elevated serum levels of IgG1, IgG2a and IgE and developed anti-nuclear and anti-collagen antibodies.


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/induzido quimicamente , Óleos de Plantas/toxicidade , Compostos de Anilina/toxicidade , Animais , Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , DNA/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Feminino , Imunoglobulina E/biossíntese , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Cloreto de Mercúrio/toxicidade , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleo de Brassica napus
8.
Toxicol Lett ; 120(1-3): 369-77, 2001 Mar 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11323196

RESUMO

The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is a key regulator in cholesterol biosynthesis and HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have become a widely prescribed family of lipid lowering agents. Cholesterol synthesis occurs predominantly in liver which is the target organ of statins. We studied the effects of fluvastatin (Lescol), a member of the statin family, on hepatic protein regulation. Male F344 rats treated with 0.8 mg/kg per day fluvastatin or 24 mg/kg per day fluvastatin for 7 days showed treatment-related changes in 58 liver proteins (P<0.005). Major effects were evident in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway including the induction of enzymes upstream and downstream of the target enzyme HMG CoA reductase. Treatment also triggered alterations in key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and was associated with changes in a heterogeneous set of cellular stress proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure, calcium homeostasis and protease activity. The latter set of protein alterations indicates that hepatotoxicity is associated with high-dose treatment. Based on the results it is suggested that HMG-CoA synthase and isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase may be explored as alternative drug targets and that the induction levels of these enzymes may serve as a measure of potency of individual statin drugs. It is proposed that efficacy and cellular stress markers discovered in this study may be used in a high throughput screen (HTS) assay format to compare efficiently and accurately the therapeutic windows of different members of the statin family.


Assuntos
Colesterol/biossíntese , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/toxicidade , Indóis/toxicidade , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas/metabolismo , Animais , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Fluvastatina , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteoma , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344
9.
Prostate ; 47(1): 59-65, 2001 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11304730

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Prostatic tumors are well known to progress to hormonal therapy-resistant terminal states. At this stage, there are no chemotherapeutic agents to affect clinical outcome. An effective cell death inducer for these prostate cells may be a candidate as an attractive antitumor agent. The extracts from S. repens have been used to improve the state of prostatic diseases and we have attempted to identify the effective component from the extract. METHODS: Cell viability was examined in LNCaP cells, an in vitro model for hormonal therapy-resistant prostatic tumor. RESULTS: We found that exposure of the extract from S. repens resulted in cell death of LNCaP cells. We also identified myristoleic acid as one of the cytotoxic components in the extract. The cell death exhibited both apoptotic and necrotic nuclear morphology as determined by Hoechst 33342 staining. Cell death was also partially associated with caspase activation. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the extract from S. repens and myristoleic acid induces mixed cell death of apoptosis and necrosis in LNCaP cells. These results suggest that the extract and myristoleic acid may develop attractive new tools for the treatment of prostate cancer.


Assuntos
Antagonistas de Androgênios/toxicidade , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Neoplasias da Próstata , Clorometilcetonas de Aminoácidos/farmacologia , Caspase 3 , Inibidores de Caspase , Caspases/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Humanos , Masculino , Necrose , Serenoa , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/enzimologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/patologia
10.
Toxicol Lett ; 116(3): 209-15, 2000 Aug 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10996482

RESUMO

The life-span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) has been reported to become shorter by ingestion of some vegetable oils, including rapeseed oil, when given as the sole dietary fat. The present study was undertaken to examine if the ingestion of rapeseed (canola) oil affects blood coagulating time and erythrocyte membranes. Namely, SHRSP were orally given canola oil or soybean oil as the only dietary fat (10% of diet) for 4 weeks. After the 4-week feeding, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the canola oil group (19.9+/-0.5 s, N=8) was significantly shorter than that in the soybean oil group (21.6+/-0.6 s, N=8, P<0. 05), though there were no between-group differences in plasma Ca(2+), platelet density and platelet aggregation. Erythrocytes from the canola oil group were less tolerant to low osmotic pressure than those from soybean oil group; the EC(50) values for NaCl concentration to cause hemolysis were 0.42+/-0.004 and 0.40+/-0.005% in the canola oil and the soybean oil groups, respectively (N=10, P<0.01). The canola oil-induced shortening of blood coagulation time and increased fragility in erythrocyte membranes may have relevance to the promotion of strokes in SHRSP.


Assuntos
Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Eritrocítica/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Hipertensão/complicações , Óleo de Soja/farmacologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Animais , Cálcio/sangue , Masculino , Fluidez de Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial , Óleo de Brassica napus , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR
11.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao ; 18(6): 435-8, 1996 Dec.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9388949

RESUMO

Artificial musk-raw material, using as a substitute for traditional Chinese medicine musk, a new drug of class I was assessed for mutagenicity. The micronucleus rates of polychromatocyte in the bone marrow of mice were 2.8, 1.3 and 1.0/1000 when the treated dosage was 1800, 700 and 350 mg/kg. The results of Ames test for the strains TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 were negative with and without S9 mix when the concentration of artificial musk was 625, 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 micrograms/plate, respectively. The chromosome aberration rates were 1.0, 0.8, 1.2% when the treated dosage was 360, 180, 90 mg/kg, respectively. The above results proved that no mutagenicity was found for artificial musk.


Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Animais , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Masculino , Materia Medica , Camundongos , Testes para Micronúcleos , Testes de Mutagenicidade
12.
Teratology ; 50(1): 19-26, 1994 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7974251

RESUMO

Mevalonic acid is a product of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase which is essential for cholesterol biosynthesis. Fluvastatin (Sandoz compound XU 62-320) is a potent inhibitor of this enzyme and, hence, mevalonic acid production. In three separate studies, oral administration of fluvastatin at 12 and 24 mg/kg/day to mated rats from day 15 of gestation through weaning resulted in unanticipated maternal mortality at the time of parturition and during lactation. Microscopic evaluations performed in two studies revealed significant cardiac myopathy in the dying animals. Drug-related clinical signs, significant maternal body weight loss, and an increase in stillborn pups and neonatal mortality were also noted at one or both dose levels. Supplementation of fluvastatin administration with 500 mg/kg b.i.d. of mevalonic acid completely blocked and/or ameliorated the mortality, cardiac myopathy, and other adverse effects. These studies indicate that the adverse maternal effects observed with fluvastatin before or following parturition resulted from exaggerated pharmacologic activity at the dose levels administered, i.e., inhibition of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, its immediate product mevalonic acid, and cholesterol biosynthesis.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatias/prevenção & controle , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases , Indóis/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácido Mevalônico/uso terapêutico , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Análise de Variância , Animais , Peso ao Nascer/efeitos dos fármacos , Cardiomiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Colesterol/biossíntese , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Feminino , Fertilidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Morte Fetal/prevenção & controle , Fluvastatina , Indóis/toxicidade , Tamanho da Ninhada de Vivíparos , Ácido Mevalônico/farmacologia , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/mortalidade , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/prevenção & controle , Gravidez , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Puerperais/induzido quimicamente , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Redução de Peso
13.
Brain Dev ; 12(4): 417-22, 1990.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2240462

RESUMO

The effects of prolonged administration (7 days) of 4 pentenoic acid (4PA, 20 mg/kg/day) or 4PA (20 mg/kg/day) with L-carnitine (200 mg/kg/day) on carnitine metabolism and morphological changes of liver mitochondria were assessed in rats. 4PA-treated rats showed hyperammonemia, decreased levels of blood glucose, free fatty acids and beta-OH-butyrate, and of free carnitine in serum, muscle and liver, increased excretion of acylcarnitine in urine, and enlarged mitochondria with microvesicular steatosis, when compared to saline-injected control rats, respectively. 4PA plus L-carnitine rats showed decreased levels of blood ammonia and increased levels of beta-OH-butyrate, compared to the 4PA group. On the other hand, the levels of free carnitine in serum and liver in rats treated with both 4PA and L-carnitine were increased, when compared to controls. The ratio of acylcarnitine to free carnitine excreted in urine in 4PA-treated rats was higher than that in either the control or 4PA plus L-carnitine group. The liver mitochondria in the 4PA plus L-carnitine group were the same as in the controls. The results suggested that the abnormal biochemical and morphological findings due to only 4PA may be relieved with L-carnitine supplementation.


Assuntos
Carnitina/farmacologia , Ácidos Graxos Monoinsaturados/toxicidade , Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/ultraestrutura , Amônia/sangue , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Carnitina/administração & dosagem , Carnitina/análise , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Fígado Gorduroso/induzido quimicamente , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Fígado/química , Masculino , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculos/química , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Síndrome de Reye/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Reye/metabolismo
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