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1.
J Clin Lipidol ; 17(5): 694-699, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37598001

RESUMO

Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, there are no approved and effective treatments for lowering Lp(a) and the associated cardiovascular risks. Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3FAs), primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have both triglyceride-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties. This pilot study investigated the effect of high dose ω-3FAs (3.6 g/day) on arterial inflammation in 12 patients with elevated Lp(a) (> 0.5 g/L) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) receiving cholesterol-lowering treatment. Arterial inflammation was determined using 18F-fluorodexoyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography before and after 12-weeks intervention. ω-3FAs significantly lowered plasma concentrations of triglycerides (-17%, p < 0.01), Lp(a) (-5%, p < 0.01) as well as aortic maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) (-4%, p < 0.05). The reduction in SUVmax was significantly inversely associated with average on-treatment EPA (r = -0.750, p < 0.01), but not DHA and triglyceride, concentrations. In conclusion, high dose ω-3FAs decrease arterial inflammation in patients with elevated Lp(a) and stable CAD, which may involve a direct arterial effect of EPA.


Assuntos
Arterite , Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3 , Humanos , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/uso terapêutico , Projetos Piloto , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/uso terapêutico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/tratamento farmacológico , Triglicerídeos , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Lipoproteína(a)
2.
Molecules ; 27(23)2022 Nov 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36500227

RESUMO

Cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis (AS) seriously affects human health. Photothermal therapy (PTT) brings hope to the diagnosis and treatment of AS, with the development of nanotechnology. To improve treatment efficiency, self-assembled CuCo2S4 nanocrystals (NCs) were developed as a drug-delivery nanocarrier, triggered by near-infrared (NIR) light for efficient chemophotothermal therapy of arterial inflammation. The as-prepared self-assembled CuCo2S4 NCs exhibited excellent biocompatibility and a very high chloroquine (CL)-loading content. In addition, the self-assembled CuCo2S4 NCs/CL nanocomposites showed good photothermal performance, due to strong absorption in the NIR region, and the release of CL from the NCs/CL nanocomposites was driven by NIR light. When illuminated by NIR light, both PTT from the NCs and chemotherapy from the CL were simultaneously triggered, resulting in killing macrophages with a synergistic effect. Moreover, chemo-photothermal therapy with CuCo2S4 NCs/CL nanocomposites showed an effective therapeutic effect for arterial inflammation, in vivo. Our work demonstrated that chemo-photothermal therapy could be a promising strategy for the treatment of arterial inflammation against atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Arterite , Hipertermia Induzida , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Humanos , Fototerapia/métodos , Terapia Fototérmica , Nanopartículas/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Pharm Biol ; 56(1): 32-42, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29772938

RESUMO

CONTEXT: Cynanchum wilfordii (Maximowicz) Hemsley (Apocynaceae), Arctium lappa L. var. rubescens Frivald (Asteraceae) and Dioscorea opposite Thunb (Dioscoreaceae) root extracts have been widely used as an alternative for intervening obesity. OBJECTIVES: The synergistic effect of three-herb mixture of C. wilfordii, A. lappa and D. opposita was determined on aortic and liver inflammatory responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CWE, ALE and DOE were prepared from the root of C. wilfordii, A. lappa and D. opposite by 70% ethanol extraction, respectively. CADE was prepared using a powder mixture of 2 CWE:1 ALE:1 DOE. C57BL/6 mice were fed an atherogenic diet combined with 10% fructose (ATHFR) in the presence of 200 mg/kg/day CWE, ALE, DOE or CADE for 8 weeks (each group, n = 6). Biochemical profiles, protein expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on the aorta and liver were determined. RESULTS: CADE could significantly suppress the protein expression of VCAM-1 in both the aorta and liver (80% reduction) compared to ATHFR-fed mice. Impairment of liver function was significantly ameliorated by CADE supplement, as determined by GOT (60% reduction) and GPT (51% reduction) levels. CONCLUSIONS: CADE should be considered when developing medications to suppress the vascular and liver inflammatory responses for individuals who are either non-responsive or resistant to lipid-lowering drugs.


Assuntos
Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Dieta Aterogênica/efeitos adversos , Frutose/toxicidade , Hepatite/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Células 3T3 , Animais , Aorta/metabolismo , Aorta/patologia , Arterite/metabolismo , Arterite/patologia , Células Cultivadas , Frutose/administração & dosagem , Hepatite/metabolismo , Hepatite/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas , Distribuição Aleatória , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Vasa ; 46(6): 471-475, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28753096

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Proper management of patients with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) or cannabis-associated arteritis (CAA), presenting with critical lower limb ischaemia (CLI) remains controversial, and data are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with TAO or CAA presenting with CLI between 2011 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients requiring primary intervention were excluded. Conservative treatment included: (a) weight-adjusted bemiparin plus six hours/day intravenous iloprost for 28 days, (b) aspirin (100 mg/day) plus cilostazol (100 mg twice/day) after discharge, and (c) strict recommendations/monitoring for smoking cessation. Main outcomes included symptom recession, ankle-brachial index (ABI) improvement, and healing of lesions at the time of discharge as well as amputation, revascularization, and abstinence rate during follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, 23 patients (TAO: 15; CAA: 8) were included within six years, none of the patients reported any other factor than smoking. All patients presented with rest pain and 12 patients with ulcer or necrotic lesions. Mean ABI measurement at presentation was 0.46 ± 0.2, after 28 days of treatment, all patients showed improvement regarding clinical picture and ABI measurement (0.54 ± 0.1; p < 0.05). During follow-up, only three patients underwent bypass surgery and two patients underwent major amputation, although the smoking abstinence rate was very low (13 %). CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous iloprost plus bemiparin for 28 days together with per os aspirin plus cilostazol seem to produce promising results in patients with TAO/CAA, treated for CLI, even with a low smoking abstinence rate. However, larger series are needed to further evaluate inter-group differences and potential prognostic factors.


Assuntos
Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/administração & dosagem , Isquemia/tratamento farmacológico , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Abuso de Maconha/complicações , Fumar Maconha/efeitos adversos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Tromboangiite Obliterante/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Amputação Cirúrgica , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Arterite/diagnóstico , Arterite/etiologia , Aspirina/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/efeitos adversos , Cilostazol , Estado Terminal , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Iloprosta/administração & dosagem , Infusões Intravenosas , Isquemia/diagnóstico , Isquemia/etiologia , Salvamento de Membro , Masculino , Abuso de Maconha/diagnóstico , Abuso de Maconha/terapia , Fumar Maconha/prevenção & controle , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/administração & dosagem , Recidiva , Indução de Remissão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Tetrazóis/administração & dosagem , Tromboangiite Obliterante/diagnóstico , Tromboangiite Obliterante/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vasodilatadores/administração & dosagem
5.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 41(9): 1754-1758, 2016 May.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28891629

RESUMO

To collect the literature on traditional Chinese medicine treatment for multiple aorto-arteritis from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), establish prescriptions database after screening and normalizing the prescriptions reported in these literature, and analyze their medicinal rules by using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system. A total of 126 prescriptions for multiple aorto-arteritis were screened, containing 212 kinds of Chinese herbs. 26 core herb combinations were obtained by analysis of the commonly used herbs and their use frequencies. The treatment for multiple aorto-arteritis was manly of tonifying qi to nourish blood, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, warming yang to dredge collaterals, and four new prescriptions were obtained. On this basis, two clinical cases were taken as the examples by analyzing the medicinal rules and the features of multiple aorto-arteritis. The first case showed that the herb combination of this study conformed to the basic core drug application mode and the core pathogenesis of multiple aorto-arteritis. The second case reflected the characteristics of the new prescriptions' herb combinations based on entropy hierarchical clustering. The practical analysis of the two clinical cases further indicated the reliability of the results. This study has certain guiding significance and reference value on new medicine research and development as well as clinical traditional Chinese medicine treatment for multiple aorto-arteritis.


Assuntos
Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , China , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
7.
Reumatol Clin ; 7 Suppl 3: S28-32, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22152287

RESUMO

Large vessels vasculitis: Giant cells arteritis (GCA), and Takayasu's arteritis (TA) are a pair of systemic chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by specific involvement of large caliber, elastic-layered arteries. Presently, and derived from the paucity of clinical controlled trials approaching the issue, the management of GCA and TA is largely based on the clinical judgment of the treating physician. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs are used when clear evidence of inflammatory activity is observed. The traditional management approach is to start with systemic glucocorticoid therapy at immunosuppressive dose, followed by cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs (methotrexate, azatioprine, cyclophosphamide or mycofenolate mofetil) aimed at maintaining remission and decreasing corticosteroid therapy time. Recently, based on the potential pathogenic role of tumor necrosis factor α in these diseases, a series of reports addressing the benefic effect of αTNF-blockers in patients who have been resistant to the traditional management approach have been published. Non- reversible vascular lesions (such as occlusion or stenosis) may require surgical treatment (stent or bypass), however this must be done only when a complete control of the inflammatory activity has been reached.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Arterite/cirurgia , Terapia Biológica , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Quimioterapia Combinada , Arterite de Células Gigantes/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite de Células Gigantes/cirurgia , Glucocorticoides/efeitos adversos , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Osteoporose/induzido quimicamente , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Prognóstico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Stents , Arterite de Takayasu/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite de Takayasu/cirurgia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores
8.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 7(supl.3): s28-s32, dic. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-147314

RESUMO

Las vasculitis primarias de grandes vasos: la arteritis de células gigantes (ACG) y la arteritis de Takayasu (AT) son enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas que afectan principalmente las arterias elásticas de gran calibre. En la actualidad hay escasas evidencias que permitan conocer cuál es el mejor tratamiento en cuanto a eficacia y seguridad, así como la mejor estrategia para mantener la remisión y mejorar el pronóstico debido a que casi no hay estudios controlados sobre el tópico, por lo que en la mayoría de los casos el tratamiento se basa en el juicio del clínico. Los glucocorticoides e inmunosupresores están indicados si hay una clara evidencia de actividad. El enfoque tradicional consiste en el uso de glucocorticoides a dosis inmunosupresoras para el manejo de los episodios de actividad inflamatoria, seguido de inmunosupresores citotóxicos (metotrexato, azatioprina, ciclofosfamida o micofenolato de mofetilo) para mantener la remisión y disminuir el tiempo en corticoterapia. En fechas recientes, y dado el papel patogénico potencial del factor de necrosis tumoral en estos padecimientos, hay reportes alentadores del uso de inhibidores de esta citocina en el tratamiento de pacientes refractarios al enfoque tradicional. Las lesiones que dejan como secuela oclusión o estenosis vascular habitualmente no son reversibles con el tratamiento médico, por lo que en ocasiones requieren de tratamiento quirúrgico (angioplastia o bypass), el cual debe realizarse solo cuando la actividad de la enfermedad esté controlada de forma adecuada (AU)


Large vessels vasculitis: Giant cells arteritis (GCA), and Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) are a pair of systemic chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by specific involvement of large caliber, elastic-layered arteries. Presently, and derived from the paucity of clinical controlled trials approaching the issue, the management of GCA and TA is largely based on the clinical judgment of the treating physician. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs are used when clear evidence of inflammatory activity is observed. The traditional management approach is to start with systemic glucocorticoid therapy at immunosuppressive dose, followed by cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs (methotrexate, azatioprine, cyclophosphamide or mycofenolate mofetil) aimed at maintaining remission and decreasing corticosteroid therapy time. Recently, based on the potential pathogenic role of tumor necrosis factor in these diseases, a series of reports addressing the benefic effect of TNF-blockers in patients who have been resistant to the traditional management approach have been published. Non- reversible vascular lesions (such as occlusion or stenosis) may require surgical treatment (stent or bypass), however this must be done only when a complete control of the inflammatory activity has been reached (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite/cirurgia , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Osteoporose/induzido quimicamente , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Stents , Terapia Biológica , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Terapia Combinada , Arterite de Células Gigantes/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite de Células Gigantes/cirurgia , Glucocorticoides/efeitos adversos , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Prognóstico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Arterite de Takayasu/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite de Takayasu/cirurgia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores
9.
Cerebrovasc Dis ; 27(3): 259-65, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19202330

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Homocysteine may promote atherosclerosis by exacerbating inflammatory processes within the arterial wall. B-vitamin supplements reduce total plasma homocysteine concentrations (tHcy), but it is not known whether the treatment also reduces arterial wall inflammation. We used (18)F-fluorodeoxygluose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET) to investigate whether long-term homocysteine-lowering treatment alters arterial wall inflammation in patients with a history of ischemic stroke. METHODS: 30 stroke patients were randomly assigned to B-vitamin therapy (folic acid 2 mg, vitamin B(6) 25 mg and vitamin B(12) 0.5 mg) or placebo in a double-blind clinical trial. After a mean treatment period of 4.0 +/- 0.7 years, all subjects had tHcy, carotid intima-medial thickness (CIMT) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery measured and underwent an (18)F-FDG PET scan. Standardised uptake values (SUV) were measured at six sites in the carotid, femoral and aortic arteries. Areas of locally increased tracer uptake in the arterial wall ('hot spots') were also identified and counted. RESULTS: Long-term B-vitamin treatment significantly reduced tHcy compared with placebo (8.4 micromol/l, 95% confidence interval, CI, 7.2-9.6 vs. 11.6 micromol/l, 95% CI 10.0-13.4, p = 0.002). The treatment did not affect mean arterial SUV (2.0 +/- 0.3 vitamins vs. 2.1 +/- 0.3 placebo, p = 0.65) or the number of hot spots (n = 1.1 +/- 1.0 vitamins vs. n = 1.2 +/- 1.0 placebo, p = 0.65). There was no significant correlation between mean arterial SUV and CIMT or FMD. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a long-term Hcy reduction with B vitamins does not affect arterial wall inflammation assessed by (18)F-FDG PET.


Assuntos
Arterite/etiologia , Aterosclerose/etiologia , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Homocisteína/sangue , Hiper-Homocisteinemia/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Complexo Vitamínico B/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Arterite/diagnóstico por imagem , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Aterosclerose/diagnóstico por imagem , Aterosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Artéria Braquial/fisiopatologia , Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Transversais , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Artéria Femoral/diagnóstico por imagem , Ácido Fólico/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Hiper-Homocisteinemia/sangue , Hiper-Homocisteinemia/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia , Vasodilatação , Vitamina B 12/uso terapêutico , Vitamina B 6/uso terapêutico
10.
Can J Neurol Sci ; 19(1): 46-52, 1992 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1373338

RESUMO

Four children with Landau-Kleffner syndrome were studied over a six year period. They presented with acquired aphasia, epilepsy, and focal or generalized EEG discharges which were exacerbated during sleep. In addition, cerebral angiography demonstrated isolated arteritis of some branches of the carotid arteries in all cases. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images were normal. Nicardipine in a dose of 1 to 2 mg/kg/day, added to conventional anticonvulsant drugs provided effective supplementary control of seizures, of paroxysmal EEG discharges, and of language and behavioural disturbances, even several years after the onset of the disorder and in patients whose response to other medications, including steroids, had been poor. Interruption of nicardipine administration was followed by relapse of the language disorder. Repeat angiography was performed in all four patients and showed recanalization of obstructed vessels in two cases. Focal cerebral vasculitis may be the pathogenesis of the Landau-Kleffner syndrome and calcium channel blockers such as nicardipine may be effective and specific therapy.


Assuntos
Afasia/etiologia , Arterite/complicações , Artérias Cerebrais , Convulsões/etiologia , Adolescente , Afasia/tratamento farmacológico , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Angiografia Cerebral , Criança , Eletroencefalografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Nicardipino/uso terapêutico , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome
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