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1.
STAR Protoc ; 2(3): 100757, 2021 09 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34458872

RESUMO

The pore-forming toxin streptolysin-O (SLO) enables intracellular delivery of molecules up to 100 kDa and has been used for short-term delivery of membrane-impermeable substances to assess their effects on cellular activities. A limitation of this technique is the loss of intracellular components and the potential unpredicted alterations of cellular metabolism and signaling. This protocol, optimized for primary mouse T lymphocytes, describes steps for SLO-mediated cell membrane permeabilization and substance supplementation, followed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescent microscopy for assessing cellular effects. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Xu et al., 2021a, Xu et al., 2021b.


Assuntos
Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Estreptolisinas/farmacocinética , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Trifosfato de Adenosina/administração & dosagem , Trifosfato de Adenosina/farmacocinética , Animais , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/farmacocinética , Separação Celular , Imunofluorescência , Immunoblotting , Ativação Linfocitária , Camundongos , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Baço/citologia , Estreptolisinas/química , Linfócitos T/metabolismo
2.
Rev. fitoter ; 7(1): 49-52, ene.-jun. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-132689

RESUMO

La comercialización de los fitomedicamentos se encuentra claramente regulada por instancias gubernamentales y organismos internacionales que consideran al control de calidad como la columna vertebral del desarrollo tecnológico de estos productos. En la actualidad, las técnicas de biología molecular basadas en la identidad genética de las especies vegetales proporcionan nuevos y eficaces parámetros de identificación que están siendo aplicados en el control de calidad de las drogas vegetales. El uso de marcadores genéticos permite la rápida detección de adulterantes particularmente en materiales provenientes de especies con una estrecha cercanía filogenética, así como la discriminación de variedades o la detección de virus en las drogas vegetales u otros contaminantes antes no identificados. Se describe la aplicación de esta técnicas para el control de calidad de la hoja de guayabo (Psidii guajavae folium) y corteza de tepescohuite (Mimosae tenuiflorae cortex) (AU)


Comercialisation of herbal medicinal products is today clearly regulated by governmental and international or ganizations that consider the quality control as the vertebral column of the technological development of these products. Recently, molecular biology techniques based in genetic characters allow the establishment of new and efficacious parameters for authentication of plant materials. The use of genetic markers for quality control of herbal drugs allow a fast detection of adulterants, particularly from phylogenetic closely related plant materials, and the discrimination of varieties or the detection of virus and other contaminants in herbal drugs. Application of these techniques for quality control of two herbal, guava leaf (Psidii guajavae folium) and tepescohuite barck (Mimosae tenuiflorae cortex), is described (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Biologia Molecular/tendências , Controle de Qualidade , Fitoterapia/instrumentação , Fitoterapia/métodos , Fitoterapia , Marcadores Genéticos , Biologia Molecular/normas , Plantas Medicinais , Psidium , Mimosa
4.
J Biomol Screen ; 8(5): 544-54, 2003 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14567781

RESUMO

A simple and flexible setup for conducting drug metabolism studies is described in this report. A heating block was designed for the Multimek liquid handler platform for incubation of multiple samples at 37 degrees C in a 96-well format. This setup enables the rapid performance of drug metabolism experiments on a large number of samples. In this report, the authors present the validation of the system by 1) showing reproducible and consistent determination of the in vitro half-life of midazolam in every well across the entire plate and 2) determination of metabolic parameter values of midazolam, testosterone, diclofenac, warfarin, and dextromethorphan and inhibition parameter values of quinidine and ketoconazole, all comparable to literature values. In addition, the authors demonstrate the application of the setup to determining the metabolic stability of a set of proprietary compounds, the inhibition of activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and the conduct of a single combination experiment that can simultaneously determine the metabolic stability and CYP inhibition activity. Overall, the system represents a simple, high-throughput and useful tool for drug metabolism screening in drug discovery.


Assuntos
Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Enzimas/metabolismo , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/antagonistas & inibidores , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/genética , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Citocromo P-450 CYP2C9 , Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6/metabolismo , Inibidores do Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6 , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A , Inibidores das Enzimas do Citocromo P-450 , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/genética , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Dextrometorfano/metabolismo , Dextrometorfano/farmacologia , Diclofenaco/metabolismo , Diclofenaco/farmacologia , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Enzimas/efeitos dos fármacos , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Cinética , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Midazolam/metabolismo , Midazolam/farmacologia , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Testosterona/metabolismo , Testosterona/farmacologia , Varfarina/metabolismo , Varfarina/farmacologia
8.
Methods Mol Biol ; 190: 213-28, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12029823

RESUMO

A fully automated system is one of the most valuable tools available for HTS. However, proper sourcing, installation and operation of an automated system requires a thorough inventory of your needs and a strong attention to detail in the implementation and operation. As you could see from the examples, assays can usually be transferred to an automated robotic system with minimum changes. However details must be reviewed to assure that the results will be consistent within a run and as compared to the same assay performed manually on the bench or on workstations. Validation is a crucial element to assure that the integrated system and the individual components are operating within their designated tolerances.


Assuntos
Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Automação/instrumentação , Candida albicans , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Biologia Molecular/métodos , Micologia/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Robótica/instrumentação
10.
Biotechniques ; 30(4): 878-85, 2001 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11314270

RESUMO

Reducing the scale of biochemical reactions is becoming commonplace. Examples include the screening of large libraries of chemical compounds or gene sequences. These applications demand the ability to transfer sub-microliter volumes of fluid. To this end, we have modified a Hamilton MICROLAB 2200 with high-speed solenoids and a liquid pressurization system to modulate volume delivery down to the nanoliter level. Additional modifications include the use of sapphire-tipped dispensing nozzles and a high-resolution substage to assist in the construction of DNA microarrays. Techniques for characterizing the dispensed volume are presented.


Assuntos
Microinjeções/instrumentação , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/instrumentação , Óxido de Alumínio , Eletrônica/instrumentação , Biblioteca Gênica , Software
12.
Rev. esp. patol ; 33(1): 65-84, ene. 2000. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-7394
14.
Electrophoresis ; 13(1-2): 76-81, 1992.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1587260

RESUMO

A homogenizing system was developed to process multiple samples of various plant tissues. The equipment consists of a motor-driven stainless steel homogenizer that fits perfectly into a hole of a disposable plate. Hard plant material like melon or squash seeds (maximal length of 1.4 cm) could be homogenized within 10 s by forcing the homogenizer towards the bottom of a 24- or 48-well tissue culture plate. Smaller seeds could be homogenized within 10 s in a similar way using a 96-well tissue culture plate. Leaf tissue, or other types of soft plant tissue, could be homogenized with the same equipment. For homogenization of small samples, e.g. pistils of small flowers, a 60-well Terasaki plate was used. For homogenization of several hundreds of leaf tissue samples, an apparatus was developed that contains 12 homogenizers driven simultaneously by an electromotor. A tissue culture plate containing 96 leaf samples could be handled in this way in less than 10 min. The performance of the equipment was evaluated by analyzing homogenates of several types of plant tissue by different electrophoretic techniques.


Assuntos
Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Proteínas de Vegetais Comestíveis/análise , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Focalização Isoelétrica/métodos , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Fatores de Tempo
15.
J Invest Dermatol ; 67(1): 209-24, 1976 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-778294

RESUMO

The history and origin of the science of photobiology are reviewed. Interest in the biologic effects of light gradually increased, beginning with the discovery of ultraviolet and infrared radiation early in the 19th century. The basis of experimental photobiology was laid by the studies of Raab and Tappeiner on photodynamic action and the early uses of phototherapy by Finsen and Dorno. The discovery of the association of porphyrins with some light-related skin diseases and of the capability of chemical agents such as coal tar and bergamot to induce phototoxic contact dermatitis resulted in a flurry of clinical investigations leading to better understanding of the processes of phototoxicity and photoallergy. The early epidemiologic studies of Unna and Dubreuilh relating solar radiation exposure to the formation of actinic keratoses and non-melanoma skin cancer were experimentally confirmed in animals by Findlay, Roffo, and Blum. In the most recent quarter century (1950-1975), cellular and molecular photobiology has been refined. The studies on photochemistry of nucleic acid and of damage and repair mechanisms in DNA have set the stage for understanding the basic processes of biologic effects of light and promise the development of useful applications of specifically directed phototherapy and prevention of such light-induced diseases as skin cancer.


Assuntos
Luz , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Pele , Animais , DNA , Reparo do DNA , Eritema/história , Europa (Continente) , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Luz/efeitos adversos , Biologia Molecular/instrumentação , Fotoquímica , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/imunologia , Fototerapia , RNA , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Dermatopatias/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Pigmentação da Pele , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos
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