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1.
Can J Public Health ; 112(Suppl 1): 154-167, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34181230

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to describe self-reported health status, prevalence of diabetes and obesity and their associations in participants from the First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study (FNFNES) in order to identify possible correlates of health in First Nations adults. METHODS: FNFNES is a participatory study with First Nations Peoples living on reserve lands south of the 60th parallel. Health and diabetes were self-reported, and prevalence of obesity was evaluated. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and traditional food (TF) activities were investigated for associations with health parameters. RESULTS: High prevalence rates of overweight/obesity (78-91%) and diabetes (19% age-standardized prevalence) were found. Smoking rates were high and physical activity was low. In multivariable analyses, obesity was associated with region, income source, age, gender, smoking and self-reported health; diabetes and lesser self-reported health were associated with obesity and lower education. Diabetes was strongly associated with lesser self-reported health and weakly associated with being a smoker. CONCLUSION: We have identified possible correlates of health in this population that can help to better understand the underlying concerns and identify solutions for First Nations and their partners. We urge governments and First Nations to address the systemic problems identified with a holistic ecosystem approach that takes into consideration the financial and physical access to food, particularly TF, and the facilitation of improved health behaviour. New mechanisms co-developed with First Nations leadership should focus on supporting sustainable, culturally safe and healthy lifestyles and closing the gaps in nutrition and food insecurity.


RéSUMé: OBJECTIFS: Décrire l'état de santé autodéclaré, les prévalences de diabète et d'obésité et leurs associations chez les participants de l'Étude sur l'alimentation, la nutrition et l'environnement des Premières Nations (EANEPN) afin d'identifier d'éventuelles associations avec la santé chez les adultes des Premières Nations. MéTHODE: L'EANEPN est une étude participative entreprise avec les Peuples des Premières Nations vivant dans les réserves au sud du 60e parallèle. L'état de santé et le diabète ont été autodéclarés et la prévalence de l'obésité a été évaluée. Les facteurs sociodémographiques et de style de vie et les activités d'apports en aliments traditionnels (AT) ont été étudiés pour leurs associations avec les paramètres de santé. RéSULTATS: Une prévalence élevée de surpoids/obésité (78­91%) et de diabète (19% ­ taux normalisé selon l'âge) a été observée. Le taux de tabagisme était élevé et l'activité physique était faible. Dans les analyses multivariées, l'obésité était associée avec la région, la source de revenu, l'âge, le sexe, le tabagisme et l'état de santé autodéclaré; le diabète et l'état de santé faible autodéclarés étaient positivement associés à l'obésité et à moins d'années d'éducation. Le diabète était fortement associé à un faible état de santé autodéclaré et légèrement avec le tabagisme. CONCLUSION: Nous avons identifié des corrélats de santé potentiels dans cette population qui peuvent nous aider à mieux comprendre les préoccupations sous-jacentes. Nous exhortons les gouvernements et les Premières Nations à s'attaquer de concert aux problèmes systémiques identifiés avec une approche écosystémique holistique qui prend en considération l'accès financier et physique à la nourriture, en particulier les AT, et qui facilite une amélioration dans les comportements en santé. De nouveaux mécanismes élaborés conjointement avec les dirigeants des Premières Nations devraient viser à soutenir des modes de vie durables, culturellement sécuritaires et sains et à combler les lacunes en matière de nutrition et d'insécurité alimentaire.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Nível de Saúde , Canadenses Indígenas , Adulto , Idoso , Canadá/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Canadenses Indígenas/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
2.
CMAJ Open ; 9(2): E451-E458, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33888550

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of Métis-guided participatory research on factors that contribute to individual, family and community well-being, such as developing social support and engaging in cultural, social and historical processes for healing and health. The purpose of this study was to explore links among health, spirituality and well-being within the Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA) - Region 3. METHODS: In the largest of 12 MNA - Region 3 communities, together with a working group of 9 community members, informal and elected leaders, and an Elder, we codeveloped a qualitative structured survey exploring health, spirituality and well-being. Following face-to-face distribution of the paper survey to community members (February to March 2019), we engaged with 7 working group members in coding and theme development. Results were shared with the community. RESULTS: Thirty-one community members requested surveys, with 29 participants aged 28-80 years (mean 54.77 yr, standard deviation 15.31 yr) completing the surveys (94% completion rate). Six participants were in the working group that codeveloped the survey. An overarching theme of connection and 4 corresponding subthemes were identified; central to well-being was maintaining connection and balance in mental, emotional, spiritual and physical aspects of health. Connection to Métis ancestry required understanding identity; connection to community involved feeling at home; connection to land included belonging; and connection to tradition encompassed blending of cultures. INTERPRETATION: Connection among ancestry, land, community and tradition contributed to well-being in our sample. Under the direction of each MNA region, exploration of health, spirituality and well-being with the use of our survey could be considered in community-specific Métis-guided ways across the remaining 5 MNA regions; the survey may also be of use to other provincial bodies in the Métis Nation.


Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Canadenses Indígenas , Saúde Mental/etnologia , Espiritualidade , Alberta/epidemiologia , Características Culturais , Cultura , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Canadenses Indígenas/etnologia , Canadenses Indígenas/psicologia , Canadenses Indígenas/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Identificação Social
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