RESUMO
AIM: Cantharidin (CTD), the major component of the anti-cancer medicine obtained from Mylabris cichorii, exerts good inhibitory effects on several cancers, such as liver and breast cancer. However, owing to its toxicity, its oral administration can cause various adverse effects, limiting its clinical applications. Therefore, the development of a novel nano-drug delivery system for CTD would be highly beneficial. METHODS: A nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) was designed to actively target CTD to tumor cells using a hyaluronic acid (HA)-decorated copolymer (mPEG-NH2); the NLCs were called HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC. HA-mPEG was synthesized using amidation, and HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC was generated through ultrasonic emulsification in water. The mean hydrodynamic diameter of the particles was approximately 119.3â¯nm. RESULTS: Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that the half-life of HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC and its area under the curve were higher than those of a CTD solution. Further, the plasma clearance rate of HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC was 0.41 times that of the CTD solution, implying a significantly prolonged drug retention time in vivo. Fluorescence in vivo endo-microscopy and optical in vivo imaging revealed that HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC had superior cytotoxicity and targeting efficacy against SMMC-7721 cells. An evaluation of the in vivo anti-tumor activity showed that HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in tumor-bearing mice, with a tumor inhibition rate of 65.96%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that HA-mPEG-CTD-NLC may have great potential in liver cancer-targeted therapy.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Ácido Hialurônico/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Fármacos por Nanopartículas , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Animais , Cantaridina/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Ácido Hialurônico/farmacocinética , Lipídeos/química , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Estrutura Molecular , Sistemas de Liberação de Fármacos por Nanopartículas/farmacocinética , Polietilenoglicóis/farmacocinética , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sodium cantharidinate/vitamin B6â(SC/VB6) injection, a famous insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine preparation, has been widely applied as a promising adjunctive drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its exact clinical efficacy and safety is still not well investigated. In this study, we aimed to summarize the efficacy of SC/VB6 injection on survival, liver function, immune function, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with HCC through the meta-analysis. METHODS: All available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and high-quality prospective cohort studies that investigated the efficacy and safety of SC/VB6 for patients with HCC were searched from ten electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Excerpt Medica Database (Embase), Medline, Web of Science (WOS), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Scientific Journal Database (CSJ), and Wanfang Database. Papers in Chinese or English published from January 2000 to July 2020 will be included without any restrictions.Study selection and data extraction will be performed independently by 2 researchers. The clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS), QoL, liver function, immune function, and adverse events, were systematically evaluated. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 14.0 were used for data analysis, and the quality of the clinical trials was also evaluated. RESULTS: The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, and provide a helpful evidence for clinicians to formulate the best postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for HCC patients. CONCLUSION: Our study will draw an objective conclusion of the efficacy of SC/VB6 on survival, liver function, immune function, and QoL in patients with HCC. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202070121.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/análogos & derivados , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Vitamina B 6/farmacologia , Complexo Vitamínico B/farmacologia , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/psicologia , China/epidemiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Humanos , Sistema Imunitário/efeitos dos fármacos , Injeções/métodos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Segurança , Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Vitamina B 6/administração & dosagem , Complexo Vitamínico B/administração & dosagem , Metanálise como AssuntoRESUMO
Patients often request treatment of their burdensome cutaneous warts. However, a safe and effective treatment for cutaneous warts is lacking. This study evaluates treatment outcome, side effects, and patient satisfaction after topical application of cantharidin 1% podophyllin 2% salicylic acid 30% (CPS1) solution in a large series of children and adults with cutaneous warts. Fifty-two children and 83 adults with warts, treated with CPS1 solution between October 2012 and October 2014, were included. Complete clearance of warts occurred in 86.5% of children and 62.7% of adults treated with CPS1 solution (p < .01). Resolution of warts was partial in 3.9 and 24.1% and absent in 9.6 and 13.2% of children and adults respectively. Side effects were present in 41.2% of children and 46.3% of adults (p = .7). Most common side effects were blistering, pain, and burning sensation. No serious adverse events occurred. On a 10-point scale, median patient satisfaction score was 9.0 (interquartile range 7.8-10.0) and 8.0 (interquartile range 5.1-9.7) for children and adults respectively (p < .01). CPS1 solution is a safe and promising treatment modality with a high clearance and high patient satisfaction rate for the management of cutaneous warts, particularly in children.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Podofilina/administração & dosagem , Ácido Salicílico/administração & dosagem , Verrugas/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Cutânea , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Cantaridina/efeitos adversos , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Ceratolíticos/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Satisfação do Paciente , Podofilina/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ácido Salicílico/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Plasmonic nanostructure-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of skin cancer and other diseases. However, the insufficient efficiency of PTT at irradiation levels tolerable to tissues and the limited biodegradability of nanomaterials are still crucial challenges. In this study, a novel nanosystem for PTT based on liposome-nanoparticle assemblies (LNAs) was established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thermal-sensitive liposomes (TSLs) encapsulating cantharidin (CTD) were coated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and used in near-infrared (NIR) illumination-triggered PTT and thermally induced disruption on A431 cells. RESULTS: The coated GNPs disintegrated into small particles of 5-6 nm after disruption of TSLs, allowing their clearance by the liver and kidneys. CTD encapsulated in the TSLs was released into cytoplasm after PTT. The released CTD increased the apoptosis of PTT-treated tumor cells by blocking the heat shock response (HSR) and inhibiting the expression of HSP70 and BAG3 inhibiting the expression of HSP70 and BAG3 with the synergistic enhancement of CTD, the new nanosystem CTD-encapsulated TSLs coated with GNPs (CTD-TSL@GNPs) had an efficient PTT effect using clinically acceptable irradiation power (200 mW//cm2) on A431 cells. CONCLUSION: The developed CTD-TSL@GNPs may be a promising PTT agent for clinical skin cancer therapy.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/farmacologia , Lipossomos/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Fototerapia/métodos , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Ouro/química , Ouro/farmacologia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/metabolismo , Humanos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/químicaRESUMO
Cantharidin (CTD) is an active compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine blister beetle and displayed anticancer properties against various types of cancer cells. However, little is known about its effect on human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, including imatinib-resistant CML cells. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CTD could overcome imatinib resistance in imatinib-resistant CML cells and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms associated with the effect. Our results showed that CTD strongly inhibited the growth of both imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant CML cells. CTD induced cell cycle arrest at mitotic phase and triggered DNA damage in CML cells. The ATM/ATR inhibitor CGK733 abrogated CTD-induced mitotic arrest but promoted the cytotoxic effects of CTD. In addition, we demonstrated that CTD downregulated the expression of the BCR-ABL protein and suppressed its downstream signal transduction. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that CTD inhibited BCR-ABL at transcriptional level. Knockdown of BCR-ABL increased the cell-killing effects of CTD in K562 cells. These findings indicated that CTD overcomes imatinib resistance through depletion of BCR-ABL. Taken together, CTD is an important new candidate agent for CML therapy.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Cantaridina/farmacologia , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/deficiência , Mesilato de Imatinib/farmacologia , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamento farmacológico , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Dano ao DNA , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/metabolismo , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib/administração & dosagem , Células K562 , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/metabolismo , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/patologiaRESUMO
Increasing evidence suggests that tumors are composed of a heterogeneous cell population with a small subset of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that sustain tumor formation and growth, and are hypothesized to account for therapeutic resistance. Based on the expression of the surface markers CD44, CD24, and EPCAM, putative CSCs have also been identified in pancreatic cancers. It has been well established that aberrant activation of ß-catenin signaling pathway may contribute to the maintenance of CSCs. Cantharidin is an active constituent of mylabris, a traditional Chinese medicine. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that cantharidin treatment induced phosphorylation of ß-catenin, leading to repression on ß-catenin pathway. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether cantharidin and its derivant, norcantharidin, could repress the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells through repression on ß-catenin pathway. By using microarray and flow cytometry, we found that treatment with cantharidin and norcantharidin repressed the expression of CD44, CD24, and EPCAM at both mRNA and protein levels, leading to decreased CD44(+)/CD24(+)/EPCAM(+) proportion, the putative pancreatic CSC subset. Pretreatment with the ß-catenin pathway inhibitor FH535, attenuated the cantharidin- and norcantharidin-induced repression on CD44, CD24, and EPCAM, suggesting cantharidin and its derivant repressed stemness of pancreatic cancer cells in ß-catenin pathway-dependent manner. Furthermore, cantharidin and norcantharidin strengthened the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and erlotinib, two well established pharmacotherapeutics against pancreatic cancers, indicating cantharidin and norcantharidin could be promising candidates for reversing drug resistance in pancreatic cancers. In conclusion, we presently propose that cantharidin and norcantharidin hold their promise in pancreatic cancer therapy through repression on stemness and strengthening the cytotoxicity of the present therapeutics.
Assuntos
Compostos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos com Pontes/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , beta Catenina/genética , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Cloridrato de Erlotinib/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Fosforilação , Transdução de Sinais , GencitabinaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of Brucea javanica and Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma. METHOD: A consecutive cohort of patients with NSCLC were divided into four groups: experimental group A treated with Brucea javanica injection combined with chemotherapy; experimental group B with Cantharidin injection combined with chemotherapy; experimental group C treated with Brucea javanica and Cantharidin injection combined with chemotherapy; and the control group receiving only chemotherapy. After more than two courses of treatment, safety, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidences of myelosuppression in groups A, B and C were lower than that in Control group (p<0.05), but without significant differences among A, B and C. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract also were lower than in controls (p<0.05) without variation amnog the combined treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Brucea javanica or Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy could in both cases improve quality of life in our cohort of NSCLC patients without any increase in toxicity. However, further clinical experiments should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Brucea javanica and Cantharidin combined with chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Brucea , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Coortes , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Etoposídeo/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Invasividade Neoplásica/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Segurança do Paciente , Fitoterapia/métodos , Prognóstico , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of sodium cantharidinate on the angiogenesis of nude mice with human gastric cancer. METHODS: Nude mice xenograft models of human gastric cancer were established by injecting gastric carcinoma cell BGC823 into peritoneal. Expression of VEGF and MVD labeling by CD34 in human gastric cancer cells were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Expression scores of VEGF in medium dose and high dose group with sodium cantharidinate treatment were lower than those in low dose and control group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between medium dose and high dose group or low dose and control group (P > 0.05). MVD values in medium and high dose group with sodium cantharidinate treatment were lower than those in low dose and control group (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between medium dose and high dose group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: sodium cantharidinate can inhibit the growth of the tumor by down-regulating VEGF expression of the tumour cell and the angiogenesis of the tumour.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/análogos & derivados , Materia Medica/farmacologia , Neovascularização Patológica/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Animais , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Materia Medica/administração & dosagem , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Microvasos , Transplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation of cantharidin entrapped non-ionic surfactant vesicle (noisome)and evaluate its quality. METHOD: The niosome loaded with cantharidin was prepared using injection method by non-ionic surfactants as the carrier. An centrifugation separation method and HPLC analysis method of the cantharidin were established to detect the entrapment efficiency. The optimum preparation technology was established by a orthogonal experiment. The morphology, and particle size were studied to evaluate the preparation. RESULT: The average size of niosomes were (209. 8 +/- 0.5) nm. The entrapment efficiency of the CTD-NS was (27.5% +/- 2.0%) and Zeta potential was (41.5 +/- 0.65) mV. CONCLUSION: The preparation of cantharidin noisome by TweenA and SpanB is practicable and successful. These experiments can be the basement of developing targeting drug delivery system.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Lipossomos/química , Tensoativos/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/química , Cantaridina/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Lipossomos/administração & dosagem , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To establish a HPLC method for determination of N-methylcantharidimide in dogs' plasma and to study the pharmacokinetics of N-methylcantharidimide in dogs'. METHOD: The plasma samples were extracted by methanol. The acetonitrile and the purified water composed mobile phase. The flow rate was 0. 7 mL x min(-1), ultraviolet detection wavelength was at 212 nm. RESULT: The calibration curve was linear over the range from 0.01-10.0 mg x L(-1) with a correlation coefficiency of 0.996 3. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.01 mg x L(-1). The mean recovery was 92.3%. the relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra-day and inter-day were all less than 10%. After intravenous administration of N-methylcantharidimide with 3 dosages of 10, 15, 20 mg x kg(-1) to dogs, the corresponding distribution half-livers (t1/2alpha) were 1.8, 2.1, 1.7 min, and the elimination half-lives (t1/2beta) were 144,139, 146 min, respectively. CONCLUSION: This method is convenient, accurate and reliable. It can be used for determination of N-methylcantharidimide in dogs' plasma and pharmacokinetic studies.
Assuntos
Cantaridina/análogos & derivados , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Isoindóis/sangue , Animais , Área Sob a Curva , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cães , Feminino , Isoindóis/administração & dosagem , MasculinoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The standard treatment of papillary thyroid cancer with a diameter >1 cm is thyroidectomy combined with a modified neck-dissection of the central (perithyroideal, prelaryngeal and tracheo-esophageal) lymph nodes and a consecutive radiation. Frequently, postoperative pain syndromes occur after this procedure. The so-called 'postradical neck pain syndrome' (PRNS) is a combination of cervical neuropathic pain, constricted and painful mobility of the shoulder region(s) including inhibited abduction capacity of the shoulder joint and a scapula alata. PRNS is often resistant to conventional therapy such as analgesics and physiotherapy. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old female inpatient, suffering from a severe PRNS after thyroidectomy and neck dissection due to papillary thyroid cancer for the past 2 years, was treated with a combination of hydrotherapy according to Kneipp, conventional physiotherapy, acupuncture and cantharidin blisters in order to reduce neuropathic pain, increase the range of cervical mobility and improve parameters of health-related quality of life (based on SF-36). RESULTS: Within 4 weeks of combined treatment, the left-cervical neuropathic pain was improved remarkably, and the range of the cervical mobility was increased sufficiently. In addition, the SF-36 scales 'pain' and 'common well-being' were improved to a clinically relevant extent. The multi-modular treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: In PRNS, a combination of several methods of complementary medicine may be an effective and well tolerated alternative to conventional treatment. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the results.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Hospitalização , Naturologia , Esvaziamento Cervical , Neuralgia/terapia , Dor Pós-Operatória/terapia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Tireoidectomia , Acupuntura , Administração Cutânea , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Doença Crônica , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroterapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modalidades de FisioterapiaRESUMO
Scientific progress in genetics, cell and molecular biology has greatly ameliorated our comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of neoplastic transformation and progression. The rapidly advancing identification of molecular targets in human cancers during the last decade has provided an excellent starting point for the development of novel therapeutics. A huge variety of potential molecular targets have been identified, many of which are already in the market for therapeutic purposes. It is now becoming possible to target pathways and/or molecules that are crucial in maintaining the malignant phenotype. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is often considered as alternative or complementary medicine. TCM represents a holistic approach and lacks high-quality scientific evidence on its effectiveness. Therefore, it is frequently regarded with some scepticism by western academic medicine. In this review, we report that application of modern technologies allowed identification of novel molecular targets modulating the anti-tumour activity of natural products derived from TCM. Moreover, we tried to cross the bridge between TCM and Western modern medicine to be able to implement them for the sake of cancer patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Produtos Biológicos/administração & dosagem , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Trióxido de Arsênio , Arsenicais/administração & dosagem , Arsenicais/farmacologia , Artemisininas/administração & dosagem , Artemisininas/farmacologia , Artesunato , Berberina/administração & dosagem , Berberina/farmacologia , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/farmacologia , Terapias Complementares/métodos , Curcumina/administração & dosagem , Curcumina/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Humanos , Modelos Biológicos , Óxidos/administração & dosagem , Óxidos/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common cause of chronic lumbar pain and disability. Conventional therapy approaches include analgesics and spinal surgery. Topical cantharidin applications are used for the treatment of severe chronic lumbar pain in traditional European medicine (TEM). We tested the pain-relieving effect of lumbar cantharidin blisters in a non-randomised controlled pilot study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 28 consecutive patients with manifest LSS were included. The first 20 patients received a cantharidin blister, 8 patients served as controls (waiting list). Pain was assessed by means of a numeric visual analogue scale (VAS; 0 indicating no pain, 10 indicating strongest pain). Treatment started after a 3-day run-in phase, the blister was applied once for 12 h. RESULTS: Patients were comparable with respect to baseline pain. In the blister group, the pain score continuously improved from 7.2 +/- 2.1 at baseline to 2.9 +/- 2.3 (VAS) at day 7, whereas the score remained unchanged in control patients. Adjusted for baseline, the difference between the blister and the control group was estimated at 4.1 (95% CI: 2.4-5.9, p < 0.0001). The use of analgesics was slightly higher in the control group. No serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: In this first study on the efficacy of cantharidin blisters, a clinically relevant pain-relieving short-term effect on LSS was observed. As the trial was non-randomised and only included a limited number of patients, the results should be interpreted with caution.
Assuntos
Dor nas Costas/tratamento farmacológico , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Terapias Complementares , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Irritantes/administração & dosagem , Vértebras Lombares , Medição da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Estenose Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Vesícula/induzido quimicamente , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Several reports have demonstrated that cantharidin is a strong anticancer compound in vitro; however, its in vivo usefulness is often limited due to its high systemic toxicity. In this study, we encapsulated cantharidin into pegylated liposomes and studied its activity against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and its systemic toxicity in mice. Another two methods were also used to reduce the dosage of cantharidin, including labeling liposomal cantharidin with octreotide and exposing cells to hyperbaric oxygen. The cytotoxic activity of pegylated liposomal cantharidin was drastically reduced compared with free cantharidin in vitro. Octreotide-labeled pegylated liposomal cantharidin induced cell death by specifically targeting somatostatin receptors in MCF-7 cells. Cell death was augmented with a low dose of cantharidin under hyperbaric oxygen. Liposomal cantharidin had significantly less systemic toxicity than free cantharidin in vivo and also exhibited a high efficacy against antitumor growth in nude mice. These results suggest that the systemic toxicity of cantharidin can be mitigated by liposome encapsulation; however, that did not decrease its antitumor activity.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/toxicidade , Lipossomos , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Portadores de Fármacos , Composição de Medicamentos , Eletroquímica , Feminino , Humanos , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Octreotida/síntese química , Tamanho da Partícula , Sais de Tetrazólio , TiazóisAssuntos
Molusco Contagioso/diagnóstico , Molusco Contagioso/terapia , Verrugas/diagnóstico , Verrugas/terapia , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Aminoquinolinas/administração & dosagem , Anti-Infecciosos/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Crioterapia/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida/métodos , Imiquimode , Irritantes/administração & dosagem , Molusco Contagioso/transmissão , Fatores de Risco , Ácido Salicílico/administração & dosagem , Prevenção Secundária , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Resultado do Tratamento , Verrugas/transmissãoRESUMO
The effect as antiviral agents versus viral hepatitis B and C of three compounds purified from natural products commonly used as remedies in traditional Chinese medicine, cantharidin, cephalotaxine and homoharingtonine, was investigated. To assess the activity of these compounds against flavivirus, we used bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) as a surrogate for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Anti-BVDV activity was determined by reduction in BVDV-RNA production and protection of infected embryonic bovine trachea (EBTr) cells against the cytopathic effect of BVDV. The effect versus hepatitis B virus (HBV) was investigated by measuring HBsAg and HBV-DNA release from hepatoblastoma HepG2 2.2.15 cells infected with HBV. As positive control we used the standard anti-HBV and anti-HCV drugs, lamivudine and ribavirin, respectively. Up to 100 microM lamivudine and ribavirin did not induce cell toxicity, whereas they induced dose-dependent anti-HBV and anti-BVDV effects, respectively. In the same range, cantharidin, cephalotaxine and homoharringtonine induced toxicity in EBTr cells and had no protective effect against BVDV. In contrast, they were able to inhibit HBV production at concentrations 10- to 100-fold lower than those inducing cell toxicity, which suggests that they are useless for the treatment of infection by flaviviruses, but potentially useful in combined therapy against hepatitis B.
Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Cephalotaxus , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Árvores , Animais , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/farmacologia , Cantaridina/uso terapêutico , Bovinos , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/efeitos dos fármacos , Harringtoninas/administração & dosagem , Harringtoninas/farmacologia , Harringtoninas/uso terapêutico , Vírus da Hepatite B/efeitos dos fármacos , Mepesuccinato de Omacetaxina , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Warts and molluscum contagiosum are common skin diseases in children and are usually self-limiting. The decision of whether to treat children with molluscum or warts should be individualized to the patient and his or her family. Considerations include how symptomatic the lesions are, the extent and duration of disease, the ability of the child and the parents to tolerate and comply with treatment recommendations, and any underlying medical conditions (Table, see page 219). Recurrences of molluscum contagiosum and especially warts are common, and realistic expectations regarding the potential for treatment failure and recurrence should be discussed with the child and his or her family prior to initiating any therapy. As pediatric practitioners, we all remain acutely aware of our patients' physical and psychological development and the potential for any intervention to influence this development. Although various treatment modalities now exist for the treatment of these viral diseases, any intervention should be balanced against these considerations.
Assuntos
Molusco Contagioso/terapia , Pediatria/métodos , Verrugas/terapia , Adesivos/uso terapêutico , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Aminoquinolinas/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Criança , Cimetidina/uso terapêutico , Crioterapia/métodos , Curetagem/métodos , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Temperatura Alta/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imiquimode , Imunoterapia/métodos , Irritantes/administração & dosagem , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Terapia a Laser , Molusco Contagioso/diagnóstico , Curativos Oclusivos , Podofilina/administração & dosagem , Ácido Salicílico/administração & dosagem , Tretinoína/administração & dosagem , Verrugas/diagnósticoAssuntos
Dermatite , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Diterpenos , Inflamação , Irritantes/toxicidade , Modelos Animais , Otite Externa/induzido quimicamente , Alcinos/administração & dosagem , Alcinos/toxicidade , Animais , Antralina/administração & dosagem , Antralina/toxicidade , Ácido Araquidônico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Araquidônico/toxicidade , Cantaridina/administração & dosagem , Cantaridina/toxicidade , Capsaicina/administração & dosagem , Capsaicina/toxicidade , Carragenina/administração & dosagem , Carragenina/toxicidade , Óleo de Cróton/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Cróton/toxicidade , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Pé , Irritantes/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Camundongos , Mostardeira , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Óleos de Plantas , Ratos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Terpenos/administração & dosagem , Terpenos/toxicidade , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/administração & dosagem , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/toxicidade , Zimosan/administração & dosagem , Zimosan/toxicidadeRESUMO
Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) using hydroxycamptothecin, cantharidin and cisplatin which were mixed thoroughly with lipiodol, combined with large doses interferon and interleukin-2 as adoptive immunotherapy were carried out in the treatment of 48 patients with unresectable advanced stage primary hepatoma, evaluation of therapeutic effect showed that partial remission rate was 54.2%, significantly higher than that of embolization group using chemotherapeutic agents alone (cisplatin, adriamycin and mitomycin), the partial remission rate was 32.1% (P < 0.01). The side effects of camptothecin and cantharidin including hematuria, urodynia were also successfully eliminated.