Perfusión aislada de extremidad inferior con fuga de quimioterapéutico / Isolated limb perfusion with cytostatic drug leakage

La perfusión aislada de la extremidad es el tratamiento del melanoma en estadio iii, con metástasis en tránsito. Esta técnica permite la administración de citostáticos a concentración y temperatura eficaces, que no podrían ser administrados de manera sistémica debido a su toxicidad. La toxicidad debido al paso a la circulación sistémica de quimioterápico procedente de la extremidad es la complicación más grave a corto plazo, y se manifiesta mediante el síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica en el postoperatorio inmediato. La detección precoz de esta complicación y su manejo perioperatorio requiere un abordaje multidiscilplicar, en el que el anestesiólogo tiene un papel clave. Presentamos un caso de perfusión aislada de la extremidad inferior en el que el procedimiento tuvo que ser interrumpido por paso de factor de necrosis tumoral a la circulación sistémica, con grave repercusión hemodinámica intraoperatoria (AU)

Isolated limb perfusion is the treatment of stage III melanoma with in-transit metastasis. This technique allows the administration of cytostatics at an effective concentration and temperature, which could not be administered systemically because of their toxicity. The toxicity due to leakage of the chemotherapy agent from the limb into the systemic circulation is the most serious short-term complication, and is manifested by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the immediate post-intervention period. Early detection of this complication and its peri-operative management requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which the anaesthesiologist plays a key role. A case of isolated lower limb perfusion is reported in which the procedure had to be interrupted due to the passage of tumour necrosis factor into the systemic circulation, with severe intra-operative haemodynamic repercussions (AU)

Aspectos a tener en cuenta en la atención integral de enfermería durante la quimioterapia en pediatría: issues to consider in nursing comprehensive care / Chemotherapy in children: issues to consider in nursing comprehensive care

La manipulación de fármacos citostáticos constituye una de las actividades más frecuentes de los profesionales de enfermería por la amplia administración de estos medicamentos en nuestros días. En la actualidad, en el mundo se han ido desarrollando estrategias para el manejo seguro de estos fármacos. El perfeccionamiento de la enfermería en Cuba ha permitido un gran avance en la especialidad y un real aporte al diagnóstico, tratamiento y monitoreo de las enfermedades hematológicas, por el elevado nivel profesional alcanzado por el personal de enfermería dentro de la especialidad. Se exponen las recomendaciones generales para la atención integral de enfermería que todo niño con leucemia debe recibir, esté hospitalizado o reciba atención ambulatoria. Se abordan los elementos fundamentales del manejo de los citostáticos y los elementos para garantizar la bioseguridad en el trabajo con estos medicamentos(AU)

The handling ofcytostatic drugsis one ofthe most frequent activitiesofnursesfor the extensiveadministration of these drugs nowadays.Today,strategies have been developed throughout the world forsafe handling ofantineoplasic agents. The developmentof nursing inCubahas alloweda breakthroughin the art anda real contributionto the diagnosis, treatment and monitoringofhematologicaldiseases, due to the highprofessional levelreachedby nurseswithin the specialty. General recommendations forcomprehensivenursing care every child withleukemiashould receive are described, whether hospitalizedor in outpatient care. Basic handling of cytostaticsand elementsto guarantee biosecurity when working withthese medications are included(AU)

Aspectos a tener en cuenta en la atención integral de enfermería durante la quimioterapia en pediatría: issues to consider in nursing comprehensive care / Chemotherapy in children: issues to consider in nursing comprehensive care

La manipulación de fármacos citostáticos constituye una de las actividades más frecuentes de los profesionales de enfermería por la amplia administración de estos medicamentos en nuestros días. En la actualidad, en el mundo se han ido desarrollando estrategias para el manejo seguro de estos fármacos. El perfeccionamiento de la enfermería en Cuba ha permitido un gran avance en la especialidad y un real aporte al diagnóstico, tratamiento y monitoreo de las enfermedades hematológicas, por el elevado nivel profesional alcanzado por el personal de enfermería dentro de la especialidad. Se exponen las recomendaciones generales para la atención integral de enfermería que todo niño con leucemia debe recibir, esté hospitalizado o reciba atención ambulatoria. Se abordan los elementos fundamentales del manejo de los citostáticos y los elementos para garantizar la bioseguridad en el trabajo con estos medicamentos

The handling ofcytostatic drugsis one ofthe most frequent activitiesofnursesfor the extensiveadministration of these drugs nowadays.Today,strategies have been developed throughout the world forsafe handling ofantineoplasic agents. The developmentof nursing inCubahas alloweda breakthroughin the art anda real contributionto the diagnosis, treatment and monitoringofhematologicaldiseases, due to the highprofessional levelreachedby nurseswithin the specialty. General recommendations forcomprehensivenursing care every child withleukemiashould receive are described, whether hospitalizedor in outpatient care. Basic handling of cytostaticsand elementsto guarantee biosecurity when working withthese medications are included

Inhibitors of urokinase type plasminogen activator and cytostatic activity from crude plants extracts.

In view of the clear evidence that urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays an important role in the processes of tumor cell metastasis, aortic aneurysm, and multiple sclerosis, it has become a target of choice for pharmacological intervention. The goal of this study was thus to determine the presence of inhibitors of uPA in plants known traditionally for their anti-tumor properties. Crude methanol extracts were prepared from the leaves of plants (14) collected from the subtropical dry forest (Guanica, Puerto Rico), and tested for the presence of inhibitors of uPA using the fibrin plate assay. The extracts that tested positive (6) were then partitioned with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, in a sequential manner. The resulting fractions were then tested again using the fibrin plate assay. Extracts from leaves of Croton lucidus (C. lucidus) showed the presence of a strong uPA inhibitory activity. Serial dilutions of these C. lucidus partitions were performed to determine the uPA inhibition IC50 values. The chloroform extract showed the lowest IC50 value (3.52 µg/mL) and hence contained the most potent uPA inhibitor. Further investigations revealed that the crude methanol extract and its chloroform and n-butanol partitions did not significantly inhibit closely related proteases such as the tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasmin, indicating their selectivity for uPA, and hence superior potential for medicinal use with fewer side effects. In a further evaluation of their therapeutic potential for prevention of cancer metastasis, the C. lucidus extracts displayed cytostatic activity against human pancreatic carcinoma (PaCa-2) cells, as determined through an MTS assay. The cytostatic activities recorded for each of the partitions correlated with their relative uPA inhibitory activities. There are no existing reports of uPA inhibitors being present in any of the plants reported in this study.

Microparticles prepared from biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates as matrix for encapsulation of cytostatic drug.

Microparticles made from degradable polyhydroxyalkanoates of different chemical compositions a homopolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyric and 4-hydroxybutyric acids (P3HB/4HB), 3-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxyvaleric acids (P3HB/3HV), 3-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acids (P3HB/3HHx) were prepared using the solvent evaporation technique, from double emulsions. The study addresses the influence of the chemical compositions on the size and ξ-potential of microparticles. P3HB microparticles loaded with doxorubicin have been prepared and investigated. Their average diameter and ξ-potential have been found to be dependent upon the level of loading (1, 5, and 10 % of the polymer mass). Investigation of the in vitro drug release behavior showed that the total drug released from the microparticle into the medium increased with mass concentration of the drug. In this study mouse fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells were cultivated on PHA microparticles, and results of using fluorescent DAPI DNA stain, and MTT assay showed that microparticles prepared from PHAs of different chemical compositions did not exhibit cytotoxicity to cells cultured on them and proved to be highly biocompatible. Cell attachment and proliferation on PHA microparticles were similar to those on polystyrene. The cytostatic drug encapsulated in P3HB/3HV microparticles has been proven to be effective against HeLa tumor cells.

Determining the pharmacological activity of Physalis peruviana fruit juice on rabbit eyes and fibroblast primary cultures.

PURPOSE: The pharmacologic activity of compounds isolated from Physalis peruviana has been demonstrated. The use of this fruit juice for treating pterygium has been reported in Colombian traditional medicine. However, studies demonstrating the fruit juice's pharmacologic activity when used in this disease have not been published to date. In the present study the anti-inflammatory and cytostatic activities of P. peruviana fruit juice in a rabbit eye inflammatory model were investigated. METHODS: A novel rabbit eye inflammation model was developed for studying the juice's anti-inflammatory activity (based on an adaptation of the Draize test). Cytostatic activity was evaluated by measuring and comparing growth rates of cultured fibroblasts exposed and not exposed to various fruit juice concentrations. RESULTS: P. peruviana fruit juice exhibited a mild anti-inflammatory activity compared with methylprednisolone, a known anti-inflammatory drug. An interesting dose-dependent cytostatic effect on cultured fibroblasts was also established. CONCLUSIONS: The data found suggest that the P. peruviana fruit juice anti-pterygium effect described in traditional medicine may be related to its inhibiting fibroblast growth. The present study contributes to the pharmacologic knowledge regarding a remedy commonly used in Colombian traditional medicine.