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1.
Syst Rev ; 13(1): 59, 2024 Feb 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38331921

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence showed that acupuncture may improve cognitive function by reducing oxidative stress, key to the pathogenesis in vascular dementia (VaD), but this is yet to be systematically analysed. This study aimed to summarize and evaluate the effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in animal models of VaD. METHOD: Eight databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wan Fang, CBM, and VIP were searched since their establishment until April 2023, for studies that reported the effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in VaD animal models. Relevant literature was screened, and information was extracted by two reviewers. The primary outcomes were the levels of oxidative stress indicators. The methodological quality was assessed via the SYRCLE Risk of Bias Tool. Statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan and Stata software. RESULTS: In total, 22 studies with 747 animals were included. The methodology of most studies had flaws or uncertainties. The meta-analysis indicated that, overall, acupuncture significantly reduced the expression of pro-oxidants including reactive oxygen species (standardized mean differences [SMDs] = -4.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.26, -2.31), malondialdehyde (SMD = -2.27, 95% CI: -3.07, -1.47), nitric oxide (SMD = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.50, -0.20), and nitric oxide synthase (SMD = -1.01, 95% CI: -1.69, -0.34) and enhanced the levels of anti-oxidants including super oxide dismutase (SMD = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.98, 3.61), glutathione peroxidase (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI: -0.11, 2.76), and catalase (SMD = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.05, 2.58) in VaD animal models. In subgroup analyses, acupuncture showed significant effects on most variables. Only partial modelling methods and treatment duration could interpret the heterogeneity of some outcomes. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture may inhibit oxidative stress to improve cognitive deficits in animal models of VaD. Nevertheless, the methodological quality is unsatisfactory. More high-quality research with a rigorous design and further experimental researches and clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411720).


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular , Animais , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Demência Vascular/terapia , Modelos Animais , Estresse Oxidativo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
2.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 48(11): 1079-1087, 2023 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês, Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37984904

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Baihui" (GV20) and "Shenting" (GV24) on the microvascular structure and related protein expression in the hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) rat model, and to investigate the mechanism of EA in the treatment of VD. METHODS: A total of 24 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, EA, and oxiracetam groups, with 6 rats in each group. Multiple cerebral infarction method was used to establish VD model. In the EA group, EA was applied to GV20 and GV24 for 30 min, once daily for 14 days. Rats in the oxiracetam group were treated with oxiracetam (50 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection, and the course of treatment was the same as that in the EA group. Learning and memory ability were evaluated by using Morris water maze test and new object recognition experiment. The cerebral blood flow was detected by laser doppler. The microvascular structure in the hippocampus was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of vascular structure related proteins of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-ß, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31), neural cadherin N-Cadherin, Zonula occludens protein-1(ZO-1) in the hippocampus were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the rats in the model group had a significant increase in time of first crossing the platform, a significant decrease in the number of crossing platform and the new object preference index (P<0.05), a significant decrease in cerebral blood flow (P<0.05), and a significant increase in the brain weight (P<0.05). The structure boundary of pericyte and endothelial cells in the microvessels of the hippocampal CA1 area of model group was blurred, accompanied by obvious edema around the vessels and the reduction of tight junctions. The protein expression levels of PDGFR-ß, CD31, N-Cadherin, ZO-1 were significantly decreased in the model group compared with those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the time of first crossing the platform of rats in the EA and oxiracetam group was shortened, the number of crossing platform were increased (P<0.05), the cerebral blood flow was increased (P<0.05), the brain weight was decreased (P<0.05), the morphology and structure of pericyte and endothelial cells in the microvessels of hippocampal CA1 area were intact, accompanied by the increase of tight junctions. Additionally, Compared with the model group, the EA group had a significant increase in the new object preference index (P<0.05), the protein expression levels of PDGFR-ß, CD31, ZO-1 in the EA group were increased (P<0.05), and the expression of PDGFR-ß, N-Cadherin, ZO-1 in the oxiracetam group were increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: EA at GV20 and GV24 can improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats, and the mechanism may be related to the repair of microvascular structures and improvement of cerebral blood flow.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Ratos , Animais , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/terapia , Demência Vascular/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Caderinas/metabolismo
3.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 48(8): 746-53, 2023 Aug 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37614132

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxibustion at Governor Vessel acupoints on inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) / X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) pathway in hippocampal CA1 region of rats with vascular dementia (VD), so as to explore its mechanisms in the treatment of VD. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, sham operation, model, moxibustion (Moxi) and medication groups (n=12). The VD model was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries. For rats of the Moxi group, mild moxibustion was given to "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui" (GV14) and "Fengfu" (GV16) for 20 min each point, once a day for consecutive 6 days per week, for a total of 4 weeks. For rats of the medication group, intragastric perfusion of nimodipine was given 3 times each day with total dose of 2 mg•kg-1•d-1 for 4 weeks. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of rats before and after modeling as well as after intervention. The apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was detected by TUNEL staining. The proteins and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the average escape latency was significantly prolonged (P<0.01), the number of times crossing the original platform was significantly reduced (P<0.01), the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly increased (P<0.01), the proteins and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1 and Bax were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.01) in rats of the model group. After treatment, compared with the model group, the average escape latency was significantly shortened (P<0.01), the number of times crossing the original platform was increased (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the protein and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1 and Bax were decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in rats of the Moxi group and medication group. There was no significant difference in the above indexes between the Moxi group and the medication group. CONCLUSION: Moxibustion at the acupoints of Governor Vessel can improve the cognitive function of VD rats, and its mechanism may be related to regulating IRE1/XBP1 pathway, inhibiting the release of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and thus inhibiting the apoptosis of hippocampal nerve cells.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Moxibustão , Masculino , Animais , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Região CA1 Hipocampal , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/genética , Proteína 1 de Ligação a X-Box , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/terapia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2 , Inositol
4.
Altern Ther Health Med ; 29(8): 92-96, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37652427

RESUMO

Objective: Exploring the application safety of 3R nursing and dietary nutrition intervention in elderly vascular dementia, as well as the application value of improving patients' self-care ability in elderly vascular dementia. Method: 120 elderly patients with vascular dementia in our hospital from August 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research subjects and divided into an observation group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60) using a random number table method. The control group received routine care+3R care, while the observation group received dietary and nutritional interventions on the basis of the control group. Compare the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) before and after intervention between two groups, and investigate the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Quality of Life Alzheimer's Disease (QOL-AD) Score with the Simplified Fugl Meyer Motor Function Rating Scale (FMA) and calculate nursing satisfaction. Result: After intervention, the MMSE score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). The NPI-Q score was significantly lower than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). After intervention, the ADL score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). The QOL-AD score was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). After intervention, the FMA score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). In addition, the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of people who were basically satisfied and needed improvement between the two groups (P > .05). The observation group had significantly more people who were very satisfied than the control group, and the number of people who were dissatisfied was significantly lower than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). Conclusion: 3R nursing with diet and nutrition intervention improves safety, self-care ability, cognitive function, and nursing satisfaction in elderly patients with vascular dementia, suggesting its potential for clinical implementation.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Demência Vascular , Humanos , Idoso , Demência Vascular/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Autocuidado , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Dieta
5.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 48(6): 578-84, 2023 Jun 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37385789

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of "Huayu Tongluo" (resolving blood stagnation to dredge meridian-collaterals) moxibustion on remyelination and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in the corpus callosum of vascular dementia (VD) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of VD. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomized into sham-operation, model, medication and moxibustion groups, with 12 rats in each group.The VD model was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Moxibustion was applied to "Shenting"(GV24), "Baihui"(GV20) and "Dazhui"(GV14) for 20 min once a day, 7 d as a treatment course, for 3 courses, with one day's rest between every two courses. Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of 10 mg/kg of chloromastine solution once a day, and the course of treatment was the same as that of the moxibustion group. The rat's learning-memory ability was assessed by Morris water maze test (escape latency). The neurological deficits were evaluated by using Longa's scale.The mRNA and protein expressions of Shh and Gli1 in the corpus callosum were measured by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR and Western blot, separately. The ultrastructure of the myelin sheath and myelinated axons was observed under transmission electron microscopy (TCM). RESULTS: Compared with the sham-operation group, the neurologic score and escape latency were significantly increased and prolonged (P<0.01), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Gli1 and the number of myelinated axons were obviously decreased in the model group (P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the escape latency was apparently shortened (P<0.05), while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Gli1 as well as the number of myelinated axons were strikingly increased in both moxibustion and medication groups (P<0.01). Results of TCM showed that in the model group, the arrangement of myelin coil structures was sparse and fuzzy, and some structures were bulged and disbanded. The oligodendrocytes were irregular, and the number of myelin sheath was rare. These situations were relatively milder in both moxibustion and medication groups. CONCLUSION: "Huayu Tongluo" moxibustion can promote the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells after cerebral ischemia by regulating the expressions of Shh and Gli1 in Shh signaling pathway, thus promoting the regeneration of cerebral white matter myelin sheaths in VD rats, which may contribute to improving learning-memory ability.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Moxibustão , Masculino , Ratos , Animais , Proteínas Hedgehog/genética , Bainha de Mielina , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/terapia , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/genética , Ratos Wistar , Transdução de Sinais , Regeneração
6.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 102(23): e33989, 2023 Jun 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37335660

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vascular dementia is a cognitive dysfunction syndrome caused by cerebral vascular factors such as ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. The effect of acupuncture on vascular dementia models is ambiguous, and there is controversy about whether acupuncture has a placebo effect. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the most essential mechanisms in preclinical studies of vascular dementia. However, there is no meta-analysis on the mechanism of vascular dementia in animal models. It is necessary to explore the efficacy of acupuncture through Meta-analysis of preclinical studies. METHODS: Three major databases, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science (including medline), were searched in English until December 2022.The quality of the including literature was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Review Manager 5.3 was used to statistically summarize the included studies and the statistical effect values were expressed by SMD. The outcomes included: behavioral tests (escape latency, number of crossings), pathological sections (Nissl and TUNEL staining), oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA, SOD, GSH-PX) and neuroinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6). RESULTS: A total of 31 articles were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the escape latency, the contents of ROS, MDA, IL-1ß, and IL-6 were decreased, and the contents of SOD and Nissl-positive neurons were increased in the acupuncture group as compared with the non-group (P < .05). Compared with the impaired group, the acupuncture group also had the above advantages (P < .05). In addition, the acupuncture group also increased the number of crossings and GSH-PX content, and decreased the expression of TUNEL-positive neurons and TNF-α (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: From behavioral tests to slices and pathological markers in animal models of vascular dementia, it can be proved that acupuncture is effective in targeting oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory damage, and acupuncture is not a placebo effect. Nevertheless, attention needs to be paid to the gap between animal experiments and clinical applications.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular , Animais , Demência Vascular/terapia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
7.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 69(2): 144-149, 2023 Feb 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37224031

RESUMO

It was intended to study the clinical effect of Shibing Xingnao Granules on patients with vascular dementia (VD) and to explore its effect on serum neuronal apoptosis molecule levels in VD patients. For this purpose, 78 VD patients, as research objects, were grouped into a control group (acupuncture therapy) and an observation group (acupuncture therapy + Shibing Xingnao Granules) using the random number table method, with 39 cases per group. The clinical effect, cognitive function, neurological function, activity of daily living (ADL) score, and serum B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), as well as Caspase-3 (Casp3) levels in two groups were observed. Results showed that the markedly effective rate (MER) (82.05%) and total effective rate (TER) (100%) in the observation group were higher than the control group (56.41%, 92.31%) (P<0.05). After treatment, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) score, the distributions of mild VD and normal patients, ADL score, and Bcl-2 level were higher in the observation group than in the control group. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Bax, and Casp3 levels were lower in the observation group (P<0.05). The conclusion was that Shibing Xingnao Granules could further enhance the therapeutic effect of VD patients, and could increase Bcl-2 level and reduce Bax and Casp3 levels.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Caspase 3 , Demência Vascular/terapia , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2 , Atividades Cotidianas , Apoptose
8.
Acupunct Med ; 41(5): 284-296, 2023 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36482691

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to reduce cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (VaD) patients. However, the mechanism of action remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in apoptosis. Herein, we focused on whether EA can inhibit apoptosis and alleviate cognitive impairment by regulating the JNK signaling pathway using a mouse model of VaD induced by modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo). METHODS: In experiment I, 60 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + Sham-EA group, BCCAo + SP group (receiving the selective JNK inhibitor SP600125) and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Morris water maze tests, TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effect of the EA intervention on VaD. In experiment II, 30 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + SP group and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of key factors in the JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampus. RESULTS: EA, SP600125 and EA + SP600125 significantly inhibited hippocampal apoptosis and improved cognitive impairment in VaD model mice. There were no significant differences between the BCCAo group and the BCCAo + Sham-EA group. EA, EA + SP600125 and SP600125 inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and caspase-3. EA and EA + SP600125 promoted protein and mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the hippocampus of VaD mice and inhibited protein and mRNA expression of activator protein (AP)-1, p53 and Bax. CONCLUSION: EA can reverse cognitive deficits and inhibit hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in VaD model mice, at least partially through inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis signals.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Humanos , Demência Vascular/terapia , Demência Vascular/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Disfunção Cognitiva/genética , Disfunção Cognitiva/terapia , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Apoptose , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo
9.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 47(22): 6235-6248, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36471947

RESUMO

In light of the tremendous number of patients with vascular dementia in China, it is of great significance for the treatment of this disease to summarize related research focuses. In this study, articles on the treatment of vascular dementia, which were included in CNKI and Web of Science from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021, were analyzed. Specifically, CiteSpace 5.7.R2 was employed to visualize nationalities of authors, author affiliations, authors, keywords, and journals, and dissect the status quo and trend of research on the treatment of this disease. On this basis, the research focuses and evolution were elucidated. The findings are expected to serve as reference for the future research. Finally, 2 579 Chinese articles and 453 English articles were included. The annual number of published articles showed an upward trend. Authors from China published most papers and England had the highest centrality value. HU Yue-qiang and LIU Cun-zhi respectively published the most Chinese and English articles. Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine and Capital Medical University respectively topped the author affiliations in the number of published Chinese and English articles. Among the English journals, Anal Biochem and Stroke separately boasted the highest centrality value and the highest cited frequency. The analysis of keywords in the Chinese articles suggested that most studies on the treatment of vascular dementia focused on the observation of patients' mobility after treatment. Moreover, as for the therapeutic method, western medicine, as well as the Chinese medicine and acupuncture frequently attracted the attention of scholars. Basic research highlighted the oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. According to the analysis result of keywords in English articles on treatment of vascular dementia, the focus was the improvement of the memory function of patients with vascular dementia. As to the therapeutic method, drug therapy was frequently studied compared with other methods. The basic research focused on autophagy, nerve regeneration, and oxidative stress. This study concludes that the future research trend might be the combination of Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of vascular dementia.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular , Humanos , China , Demência Vascular/terapia , Publicações
10.
Acta Biochim Pol ; 69(4): 805-810, 2022 Dec 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36459592

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acupuncture can be used to treat vascular dementia (VD), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of microRNA-143-3p (miR-143-3p) in VD patients and explore whether acupuncture ameliorates VD by regulating miR-143-3p. METHODS: Cognitive function and daily living ability in VD patients were assessed by mini-mental state examination, Hasegawa's dementia scale and activities of daily living scale, respectively. VD model of male Wistar rats was established using permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. The expression level of miR-143-3p was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Morris water maze test was used to assess the cognitive function of VD rat model. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of miR-143-3p in VD patients. Correlations between variables were analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS: Increased serum miR-143-3p expression in VD patients had a high diagnostic value to screen VD patients. Serum miR-143-3p level in VD patients after acupuncture treatment was decreased. After acupuncture treatment, serum miR-143-3p was negatively correlated with cognitive function and daily living ability in VD patients. miR-143-3p level was increased in VD rats, and the suppressive effects of acupuncture on miR-143-3p levels were relieved by miR-143-3p mimic. Overexpression of miR-143-3p reversed the ameliorative effect of acupuncture on cognitive functions of VD rats. CONCLUSION: Serum miR-143-3p expression is upregulated in VD patients and downregulated in VD patients after acupuncture treatment. Additionally, acupuncture treatment may attenuate cognitive impairments in VD by suppressing miR-143-3p.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Disfunção Cognitiva , Demência Vascular , MicroRNAs , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Atividades Cotidianas , Disfunção Cognitiva/genética , Disfunção Cognitiva/terapia , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Demência Vascular/complicações , Demência Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Demência Vascular/terapia , Hipocampo , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/fisiologia , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar
11.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 47(10): 885-90, 2022 Oct 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36301165

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) rats, so as to explore the mechanism of EA on treatment of VD. METHODS: SD male rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, and EA groups, with 15 rats in each group. The VD rat model was established by permanently occlusion of the bilateral middle cerebral artery. Rats of the EA group received EA at "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui" (GV14), and bilateral "Shenshu"(BL23) for 30 min, 6 days a week for a total of 4 weeks. Morris water maze test was used to assess the cognitive function of rats. Evans blue staining was used to detect the BBB permeability, transmission electron microscopy and ELISA were used to detect the ultrastructure of BBB and the contents of hippocampal IL-1ß and IL-18, respectively. RESULTS: Following modeling, compared with the sham operation group, the mean escape latency of model group was significantly prolonged (P<0.01), the times of crossing the platform were significantly decreased (P<0.01), the content of Evans blue, and the contents of IL-1ß and IL-18 in hippocampus were increased (P<0.01). After the intervention, comparison between the model and EA groups showed that the average escape latency of rats in EA group was significantly shortened (P<0.01), the times of crossing the platform were increased (P<0.05), the content of Evans blue, and the contents of IL-1ß and IL-18 in hippocampus were significantly decreased (P<0.01). The ultrastructure of BBB was moderately damaged in the model group, which was evidenced by blurred endothelial cell membrane structure, obviously dropsical astrocyte foot process, and decreased tight junctions. The ultrastructure of BBB was slightly damaged and astrocyte foot had no obvious edema in the EA group. CONCLUSION: EA can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats and improve the BBB permeability, which may be related to its effect in inhibiting the expression of IL-1ß and IL-18 in the hippocampus.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/terapia , Demência Vascular/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Interleucina-18/genética , Interleucina-18/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
12.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 101(26): e29804, 2022 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35777054

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vascular dementia (VD) is the only type of dementia that can be prevented and treated. Compared to conventional treatment methods, moxibustion therapy is more effective for VD. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of VD through a meta-analysis, to provide a complete overview to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and provide guidance for clinical application. METHODS: Clinical trials on the therapeutic effects of moxibustion or moxibustion combined with acupuncture on VD were retrieved from the VIP information database, Wanfang, CNKI, PubMed, EMBase, and other resources. The included studies were conducted from January 2000 to October 2020. Among the retrieved studies, the content met the standards upon being collated and extracted, and RevMan5.3 was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Thirteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included with 997 patients. The RevMan bias risk assessment revealed that the quality of the studies was generally low. The meta-analysis showed that compared to conventional treatments, moxibution therapy in terms of effective rate, posttreatment Hasegawa Dementia Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Somatostatin (SS), Arginine Vasopressin (AVP), and Syndrome Differentiation Scale of VD were more favorable, and the difference in efficacy was statistically significant. Furthermore, no adverse events were observed in either group. Sensitivity analysis showed strong homogeneity and stable results, whereas funnel plot analysis revealed no significant publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: Moxibustion is effective and safe in the treatment of VD, but more high-quality evidence from further studies is required to support this.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular , Moxibustão , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Arginina Vasopressina , Demência Vascular/terapia , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Moxibustão/métodos
13.
Neuroreport ; 33(12): 534-542, 2022 08 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35882013

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Inflammation has long been considered a key factor in learning and memory impairment in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). Studies have confirmed that electroacupuncture can improve the learning and memory impairment of patients with VaD by reducing inflammation, but the specific mechanism of this effect is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in the treatment of VaD. METHODS: The vascular dementia animal model was established by bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries, and electroacupuncture treatment was given at Baihui (DU20) and Zusanli (ST36). The morris water maze (MWM) was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of rats in each group. To evaluate the expression of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and inflammatory cytokine (IL-17) in the hippocampus and amygdala, immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed. RESULTS: The MWM test and Nissl staining results show that electroacupuncture can significantly improve the learning and memory impairment of VaD rats, and can repair damaged neurons. Immunohistochemistry and western blot results showed that electroacupuncture could enhance the expression of sirt1 in VaD rats, on the contrary, the expression of STAT3 and IL-17 was reduced due to electroacupuncture. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that electroacupuncture can suppress inflammation through the Sirt1/STAT3 pathway and improve spatial learning and memory in VaD rats.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Fator de Transcrição STAT3 , Sirtuína 1 , Animais , Ratos , Tonsila do Cerebelo/metabolismo , Demência Vascular/terapia , Demência Vascular/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Inflamação/metabolismo , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Interleucina-17/farmacologia , Transtornos da Memória/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Aprendizagem Espacial , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo
14.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu ; 42(4): 407-12, 2022 Apr 12.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35403400

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the balance of T helper (Th) 1/Th2 cells in peripheral blood, inflammatory reaction and intracerebral neuroinflammation in vascular dementia (VD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture for improving cognitive function in VD. METHODS: A total of 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomized into a normal group (n=12), a sham operation group (n=12) and an operation group (n=36). Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion was adopted to establish the VD model in rats of the operation group. The rats of successful modeling were randomized into a model group and an acupuncture group, 12 rats in each one. In the acupuncture group, Sanjiao acupuncture was applied at "Danzhong" (CV 17), "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Qihai" (CV 6), "Xuehai" (SP 10) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), the needles were manipulated for 30 s at each acupoint, without retaining. The intervention was given once a day for 15 days, and there was 1-day rest on day 8. Morris water maze test was adopted to observe the ethology, flow cytometry was used to detect the ratio of Th1/Th2 in peripheral blood, and Luminex liquid chip technology was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum and hippocampus. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in various indexes between the normal group and the sham operation group (P>0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, in the model group, the escape latency of hidden platform test and reversal platform test was prolonged (P<0.01), the residence time of the original platform quadrant was shortened and the number of crossing the original platform was reduced in probe test (P<0.01, P<0.05), the proportion of Th1 cells was increased, the proportion of Th2 cells was decreased and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells was increased in peripheral blood (P<0.01), the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ were increased, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased in serum and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the acupuncture group, the escape latency of hidden platform test and reversal platform test was shortened (P<0.01), the residence time of the original platform quadrant of the probe test was prolonged (P<0.05), the proportion of Th1 cells was decreased, the proportion of Th2 cells was increased and the ratio of Th1 / Th2 cells was decreased in peripheral blood (P<0.05), the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ were decreased, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased in serum and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can improve the cognitive dysfunction and reduce the intracerebral neuroinflammation in VD rats, its mechanism may relate to the regulation of Th1/Th2 cells balance and reduce the inflammatory reaction in peripheral blood.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular , Animais , Demência Vascular/terapia , Interferon gama , Interleucina-10 , Interleucina-4 , Doenças Neuroinflamatórias , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Células Th2 , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
15.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 47(4): 298-304, 2022 Apr 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35486008

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on learning-memory ability, ultrastructural changes of hippocampal CA1 neurons, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and auto-phagy-related proteins expression in the hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) rats, so as to reveal its partial mechanisms in treating VD. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, and EA groups (n=10 rats in each group). The VD model was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats of the EA group were treated with EA at "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui" (GV14) and bilateral "Shenshu" (BL23) for 30 min, once a day for 4 weeks. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability of rats before modeling, 4 weeks after modeling and after intervention. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of hippocampal CA1 neurons. The level of ROS in hippocampus was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescence probe. The expressions of NLRP3, autophagy-related protein Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: In comparison with the sham operation group, the average escape latency of rats in the model group was prolonged (P<0.01), and the times of crossing the original platform were reduced (P<0.05), the level of ROS, the expression levels of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio, Beclin1 and NLRP3 proteins in hippocampus were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the model group. After EA intervention, the average escape latency of rats was significantly shortened (P<0.01), and the times of crossing the original platform were increased (P<0.05), the level of ROS, the expression levels of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio, Beclin1 and NLRP3 proteins in hippocampus were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the EA group compared with those of the model group. Outcomes of TEM showed that CA1 neurons in the hippocampus were damaged, chromatin aggregation, mitochondria pyknosis, cristae structure disorder, rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded and degranulated, the number of free ribosomes decreased, and autophagy could be seen in the model group, which were milder in the EA group. CONCLUSION: EA at GV20, GV14 and BL23 can improve the learning and memory abilities of VD rats, alleviate the ultrastructural damage of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area, and repair the damaged neurons. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of ROS level, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio, NLRP3 and Beclin1 protein expression, the decrease of neuronal autophagy, inhibition of activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviation of central inflammatory response.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Animais , Proteínas Relacionadas à Autofagia/análise , Proteínas Relacionadas à Autofagia/metabolismo , Proteína Beclina-1/análise , Proteína Beclina-1/genética , Proteína Beclina-1/metabolismo , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/metabolismo , Demência Vascular/terapia , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Masculino , Memória , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/análise , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/genética , Proteínas NLR , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/análise
16.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 47(3): 216-23, 2022 Mar 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35319838

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Baihui"(GV20), "Dazhui"(GV14), "Shenshu" (BL23)and "Zusanli"(ST36) on the intestinal flora and serum interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-18 contents in vascular dementia (VD) rats. METHODS: SD rats were randomized into sham operation, VD model, GV20+GV14+BL23 (EA-basic acupoints), and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-basic acupoints+probiotics groups (n=10 in each group). EA (10 Hz/50 Hz) was conducted for 30 min, once daily for 4 consecutive weeks. Rats of the EA-basic acupoints+probiotics received gavage of probiotics (2 mL/d containing 2.0×109 CFU of live bifidobacterium), once a day for 4 weeks, and those of the EA-basic acupoints and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 groups received gavage of the same dose of normal saline. The Morris water maze test was used to evalua-te the rats' lear-ning and memory ability before and after the treatment. The serum IL-1ß and IL-18 levels were determined by ELISA, and the histopathological changes of the intestinal mucosa were observed by H.E. staining. The ultrastructural changes of hippocampal neurons were observed by using transmission electron microscopy and 16S rDNA sequencing technique was used to analyze the composition of intestinal microbiome. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the escape latency, serum levels of IL-1ß and IL-18, as well as the relative abundance of harmful bacteria (including Catabacter, obinsoniella and Desulfovibrio) in the intestine were significantly increased (P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the escape latency, serum levels of IL-1ß and IL-18 in the three treatment groups, and the relative abundance of harmful bacteria (such as the Catabacter, Robinsoniella and Desulfovibrio) in the EA-basic acupoints+ST36 group were down-regulated obviously(P<0.05,P<0.01), and the relative abundance of Clostridiales-unclassified in both EA-basic acupoints+probiotics and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 groups was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). The effects of EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-ba-sic acupoints+probiotics were significantly superior to that of EA-basic acupoints in down-regulating IL-18 content (P<0.05). H.E. staining showed atrophy of the whole mucosal layer, loss of goblet cells, destruction of glands, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells, and transmission microscope displayed fuzziness of the nucleus membrane boundary, cystic dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum with unclear structure swelling of the mitochondria, and disordered arrangement or dissolution of the inner cristae in the model group, which was relatively milder in the EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-basic acupoints+probiotics groups. CONCLUSION: EA of GV20+GV14+BL23+ ST36 can improve the cognitive dysfunction of VD model rats, which may be related to its function in regulating the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, thereby inhibiting the peripheral inflammatory factor.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Demência Vascular/genética , Demência Vascular/terapia , Eletroacupuntura/métodos , Interleucina-18/genética , Intestinos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
17.
Chin J Integr Med ; 28(2): 153-161, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34913150

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway, which triggers immune-inflammatory responses in the hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS: The experiments were conducted in 3 parts and in total the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups by a random number table, including sham, four-vessel occlusion (4-VO), 4-VO+EA, 4-VO+non-EA, sham+EA, 4-VO+lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 4-VO+LPS+EA, and 4-VO+TAK-242 groups. The VaD model was established by the 4-VO method. Seven days later, rats were treated with EA at 5 acupoints of Baihui (DV 20), Danzhong (RN 17), Geshu (BL 17), Qihai (RN 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), once per day for 3 consecutive weeks. Lymphocyte subsets, lymphocyte transformation rates, and inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) were measured to assess immune function and inflammation in VaD rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the hippocampus. The levels of TLR4, MyD88, IL-6, and TNF-α were detected after EA treatment. TLR4/MyD88 signaling and cognitive function were also assessed after intracerebroventricular injection of TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 or TLR4 agonist LPS with or without EA. RESULTS: Compared with the 4-VO group, EA notably improved immune function of rats in the 4-VO+EA group, inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 in the hippocampus of rats, reduced the expressions of serum IL-6 and TNF-α (all P<0.05 or P<0.01), and led to neuronal repair in the hippocampus. There were no significant differences between the 4-VO+LPS+EA and 4-VO+EA groups, nor between the 4-VO+TAK-242 and 4-VO+EA groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: EA attenuated cognitive impairment associated with immune inflammation by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Thus, EA may be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of VaD.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Eletroacupuntura , Animais , Demência Vascular/terapia , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Imunidade , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo
18.
Chin. j. integr. med ; Chin. j. integr. med;(12): 153-161, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-922579

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway, which triggers immune-inflammatory responses in the hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia (VaD).@*METHODS@#The experiments were conducted in 3 parts and in total the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups by a random number table, including sham, four-vessel occlusion (4-VO), 4-VO+EA, 4-VO+non-EA, sham+EA, 4-VO+lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 4-VO+LPS+EA, and 4-VO+TAK-242 groups. The VaD model was established by the 4-VO method. Seven days later, rats were treated with EA at 5 acupoints of Baihui (DV 20), Danzhong (RN 17), Geshu (BL 17), Qihai (RN 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), once per day for 3 consecutive weeks. Lymphocyte subsets, lymphocyte transformation rates, and inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) were measured to assess immune function and inflammation in VaD rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the hippocampus. The levels of TLR4, MyD88, IL-6, and TNF-α were detected after EA treatment. TLR4/MyD88 signaling and cognitive function were also assessed after intracerebroventricular injection of TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 or TLR4 agonist LPS with or without EA.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the 4-VO group, EA notably improved immune function of rats in the 4-VO+EA group, inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 in the hippocampus of rats, reduced the expressions of serum IL-6 and TNF-α (all P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#EA attenuated cognitive impairment associated with immune inflammation by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Thus, EA may be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of VaD.


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Demência Vascular/terapia , Eletroacupuntura , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Imunidade , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo
19.
Zhongguo zhenjiu ; (12): 407-412, 2022.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-927397

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture on the balance of T helper (Th) 1/Th2 cells in peripheral blood, inflammatory reaction and intracerebral neuroinflammation in vascular dementia (VD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture for improving cognitive function in VD.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomized into a normal group (n=12), a sham operation group (n=12) and an operation group (n=36). Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion was adopted to establish the VD model in rats of the operation group. The rats of successful modeling were randomized into a model group and an acupuncture group, 12 rats in each one. In the acupuncture group, Sanjiao acupuncture was applied at "Danzhong" (CV 17), "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Qihai" (CV 6), "Xuehai" (SP 10) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), the needles were manipulated for 30 s at each acupoint, without retaining. The intervention was given once a day for 15 days, and there was 1-day rest on day 8. Morris water maze test was adopted to observe the ethology, flow cytometry was used to detect the ratio of Th1/Th2 in peripheral blood, and Luminex liquid chip technology was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum and hippocampus.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences in various indexes between the normal group and the sham operation group (P>0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, in the model group, the escape latency of hidden platform test and reversal platform test was prolonged (P<0.01), the residence time of the original platform quadrant was shortened and the number of crossing the original platform was reduced in probe test (P<0.01, P<0.05), the proportion of Th1 cells was increased, the proportion of Th2 cells was decreased and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells was increased in peripheral blood (P<0.01), the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ were increased, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased in serum and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the acupuncture group, the escape latency of hidden platform test and reversal platform test was shortened (P<0.01), the residence time of the original platform quadrant of the probe test was prolonged (P<0.05), the proportion of Th1 cells was decreased, the proportion of Th2 cells was increased and the ratio of Th1 / Th2 cells was decreased in peripheral blood (P<0.05), the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ were decreased, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased in serum and hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can improve the cognitive dysfunction and reduce the intracerebral neuroinflammation in VD rats, its mechanism may relate to the regulation of Th1/Th2 cells balance and reduce the inflammatory reaction in peripheral blood.


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Terapia por Acupuntura , Demência Vascular/terapia , Interferon gama , Interleucina-10 , Interleucina-4 , Doenças Neuroinflamatórias , Ratos Wistar , Células Th2 , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
20.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu ; 41(12): 1371-8, 2021 Dec 12.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34936277

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxibustion on proteins related with apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats with vascular dementia (VD), and to explore the possible mechanism of moxibustion on improving VD. METHODS: Thirty SD rats were selected from 100 rats (3 rats were excluded) and randomly divided into a normal group and a sham operation group, 15 rats in each group. The remaining 67 rats were treated with ischemia-reperfusion method at bilateral common carotid artery to establish VD model. The 45 rats with successful VD model were randomly divided into a model group, a moxibustion group and a medication group, 15 rats in each group. On the 7th day after successful modeling, the rats in the moxibustion group were treated with suspended moxibustion at "Guanyuan" (CV 4), "Mingmen" (GV 4) and "Dazhui" (GV 14), 15 min per acupoint, once a day; there was 1 d of rest after 6 d of moxibustion, and the treatment was given for 4 weeks. The rats in the medication group was treated with nimodipine tablets by gavage, 2 mg/kg per day, 3 times a day for 4 weeks. Before and after intervention, the Morris water maze test was used to detect the escape latency of rats in each group; after the intervention, the TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis rate of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area; the immunofluorescence double labeling method was used to detect the number of co-expression positive cells of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)/NeuN in hippocampal CA1 area; the immunofluorescence single labeling method was used to detect cytochrome C (cytC) and outer mitochondrial membrane receptor Tom20 (Tom20) in hippocampal CA1 area; the Western blot method was used to detect the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in hippocampus. RESULTS: Before intervention, compared with the normal group and the sham operation group, the escape latency in the model group, the moxibustion group and the medication group was prolonged (P<0.01). After intervention, the escape latency in the moxibustion group and the medication group was shorter than that before intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the escape latency in the moxibustion group and the medication group was shortened (P<0.05); compared with the medication group, the escape latency in the moxibustion group was shortened (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group and the sham operation group, the apoptosis rate of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area was increased, the number of Bcl-2/NeuN co-expression positive cells was decreased, and the number of Bax/NeuN co-expression positive cells was increased in the model group (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the apoptosis rates of hippocampal CA1 neurons were decreased, the number of Bcl-2/NeuN co-expression positive cells was increased, and the number of Bax/NeuN co-expression positive cells was decreased in the moxibustion group and the medication group (P<0.01); compared with the medication group, the apoptosis rate of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area was decreased, the number of Bcl-2/NeuN co-expression positive cells was increased, and the number of Bax/NeuN co-expression positive cells was decreased in the moxibustion group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the normal group and the sham operation group, the expressions of cytC, Tom20 protein in hippocampal CA1 area and PUMA protein in hippocampal tissue in the model group were increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the expressions of cytC, Tom20 protein in hippocampal CA1 area and PUMA protein in hippocampal tissue in the moxibustion group and the medication group were decreased (P<0.01); compared with the medication group, the expressions of cytC, Tom20 protein in hippocampal CA1 area and PUMA protein in hippocampal tissue in the moxibustion group were decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Moxibustion could improve the cognitive function of VD rats, which may be related to reducing the expression of Bax, cytC, Tom20 and PUMA protein in hippocampal CA1 area, promoting the release of Bcl-2 and inhibiting the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.


Assuntos
Demência Vascular , Moxibustão , Animais , Apoptose , Cognição , Demência Vascular/terapia , Hipocampo , Neurônios , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
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