Avaliação da associação da aderência à oxigenoterapia domiciliar prolongada e marcadores clínicos e mortalidade em cinco anos em pacientes com a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica / Evaluation of the association of adherence to long-term home oxygen therapy and clinical markers and five-year mortality in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a relação entre a adesão à oxigenoterapia domiciliar prolongada (ODP) e a mortalidade em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) e insuficiência respiratória crônica e suas características clínicas. Métodos Análise retrospectiva longitudinal de 254 pacientes com DPOC e insuficiência respiratória crônica no período de 2008 a 2016. No início do estudo, avaliamos o diagnóstico, valores espirométricos, gasometria arterial, hemograma, oximetria de pulso, composição corporal e questionários de saúde (dispnéia, qualidade). vida, ansiedade e depressão). Para a análise de adesão referida ao ODP, foram incluídos 199 pacientes, divididos de acordo com a prescrição de oxigênio: 12h/dia (G1), 15h/dia (G2) e 24h/dia (G3). As causas e datas da morte foram estudadas durante o período de cinco anos. Resultados Em cinco anos, identificamos 124 óbitos (62,3%). Não houve diferença significativa na mortalidade entre os grupos de adesão (p = 0,75) e não encontramos diferenças nos parâmetros clínicos avaliados. A prescrição de ODP não foi associada à mortalidade (p = 0,07). Na análise de regressão de Cox, não houve associação entre mortalidade e não adesão ao ODP (HR: 0,75; IC95%: 0,21-2,70). O risco de mortalidade aumentou no G3 em comparação ao G1 (HR: 7,16; IC 95%: 1,44-35,38) e naqueles com maior escore de depressão (HR: 1,35; IC: 1,14-1,59). Conclusão Não foi encontrada associação entre adesão à ODP e mortalidade em pacientes com DPOC e insuficiência respiratória. Não houve diferenças clínicas entre os grupos de adesão.

ABSTRACT Objective Assess the relationship between adherence to long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) with mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic respiratory failure and their clinical features. Methods Longitudinal retrospective analysis of 254 patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure from 2008 to 2016. At baseline, we evaluated the diagnosis, spirometry values, arterial blood gas analysis, blood count, pulse oximetry, body composition and health questionnaires (dyspnea, quality of life, anxiety and depression). For referred adherence analysis to LTOT we included 199 patients, divided according to prescription of oxygen: 12h/day (G1), 15h/day (G2) and 24h/day (G3). The cause of death and dates were studied over the five-year period. Results In five years we identified 124 deaths (62.3%). No significant difference was found in mortality between the adherence groups (p=0.75) nor did we find differences in the clinical parameters evaluated. LTOT prescription was not associated with mortality (p=0.07). In Cox regression analysis, there was no association between mortality and non-adherence to LTOT (HR: 0.75; IC95%: 0.21-2.70). The risk of mortality was increased in G3 compared with G1 (HR: 7.16; IC 95%: 1.44-35.38) and in those with a higher depression score (HR: 1.35; IC: 1.14-1.59). Conclusion No association was found between LTOT adherence and mortality in patients with COPD and respiratory failure. There were no clinical differences between the adherence groups.

Comorbilidad, discapacidad y mortalidad en pacientes pluripatológicos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica / Comorbidity, discapacity and mortality in patients with multiple conditions and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre diferentes comorbilidades y condiciones clínicas con la mortalidad en pacientes pluripatológicos (PPP) con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Pacientes y métodos Estudio observacional, prospectivo y multicéntrico. Se han incluido pacientes consecutivos con EPOC y criterios de PPP. Se han recogido las variables: edad, sexo, índice de Charlson, comorbilidades, índice de Barthel, índice de Lawton-Brody, test de Pfeiffer, escala de Gijón, nivel de educación, hospitalizaciones en los últimos 3 y 12 meses y supervivencia al cabo de un año. Mediante un análisis univariante y una regresión logística se ha establecido la relación de las variables con la mortalidad. Resultados. Se han incluido 688 PPP con EPOC con edad media 77,9 años. La puntuación media (DE) en el índice de Charlson fue 3,99 (2,07). Las comorbilidades más frecuentes son insuficiencia cardiaca (59%), diabetes (48%), infarto de miocardio (29,4%), insuficiencia renal moderada (22%), enfermedad cerebrovascular (19%), hipertensión arterial (71%), anemia (62%), fibrilación auricular (34%), dislipemia (28%) y obesidad (21%). El 26% tenía dependencia para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria, el 47% precisaba de un cuidador y el 54% tenía riesgo de problema social. Al cabo de un año fallecieron 258 pacientes (37%). El índice de Charlson, la dependencia para las actividades de la vida diaria y la anemia se asocian con una mayor mortalidad y la hipertensión arterial y saber leer y escribir con menor mortalidad. Conclusiones. La comorbilidad y la discapacidad son dos factores pronósticos en los pacientes con EPOC(AU)

Aims. To determine the association between different comorbidities and other clinical conditions with mortality in patients with multiple diseases (PMD) suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Subjects and methods. Patients with COPD and PMD criteria were included in an observational, prospective and multicentrer study. Data on age, gender, Charlson index, Barthel index, Lawton-Brody index, Pfeiffer test, sociofamilial Gijon scale, education level, hospitalizations during the previous 3 and 12 months and survival at one year were collected. The relationship between the variables and mortality were established by means of a univariate analysis and logistic regression model. Results. A total of 688 PMD with COPD and mean age of 77.9 years were included. The mean score one the Charlson index was 3.99 (2.07). The most frequent comorbidities were heart failure (59%), diabetes (48%), myocardial infarction (29%), moderate kidney failure (22%), cerebrovascular disease (19%), hypertension (71%), anemia (62%), atrial fibrillation (34%), dyslipidemia (28%) and obesity (21%). A total of 26% of patients were dependent for activities of daily living, 47% needed a caregiver and 54% were at risk of having social problems. At one year, 258 patients (37%) had died. The Charlson index, dependency for activities of daily living and anemia were associated with mortality and hypertension and capacity for reading and writing were associated with survival(AU)