Invasive Trichosporon infection in solid organ transplant patients: a report of two cases identified using IGS1 ribosomal DNA sequencing and a review of the literature.

Trichosporon species are rare etiologic agents of invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We report 2 well-documented cases of Trichosporon inkin invasive infection in SOT patients. We also conducted a detailed literature review of Trichosporon species infections in this susceptible population. We gathered a total of 13 cases of Trichosporon species infections. Any type of organ transplantation can be complicated by Trichosporon infection. Bloodstream infections and disseminated infections were the most common clinical presentations. Liver recipients with bloodstream or disseminated infections had poor prognoses. Although the most common species was formerly called Trichosporon beigelii, this species name should no longer be used because of the changes in the taxonomy of this genus resulting from the advent of molecular approaches, which were also used to identify the strains isolated from our patients. Antifungal susceptibility testing highlights the possibility of multidrug resistance. Indeed, Trichosporon has to be considered in cases of breakthrough infection or treatment failure under echinocandins or amphotericin therapy. Voriconazole seems to be the best treatment option.

[Immunological indicators as the criteria of prognosis and treatment of infectious complications in patients operated on for chronic nonspecific diseases of the lungs and pleura]. / Immunologicheskie pokazateli kak kriterii prognoza i lecheniia infektsionnykh oslozhnenii u bol'nykh, operirovannykh po povodu khronicheskikh nespetsificheskikh zabolevanii legkikh i plevry.

A correlation of clinical specific features of the postoperative period and dynamics of immunological indices in patients operated upon for chronic nonspecific diseases of lungs and pleura was established. Pyo-inflammatory complications were three times more often in decreased amount of T-lymphocytes after operation. HBO-therapy has an immunostimulating effect in the form of increased total and active T rosette-forming lymphocytes, causes more rapid elimination of purulent intoxication, purification of the pleural cavity from the purulent discharge and makes the period of treatment at the hospital shorter.