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Métodos Terapêuticos e Terapias MTCI
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1.
Chem Biodivers ; 19(1): e202100608, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34786852

RESUMO

A new globoscinic acid derivative, aspertubin A (1) along with four known compounds, were obtained from the co-culture of Aspergillus tubingensis S1120 with red ginseng. The chemical structures of compounds were characterized by using spectroscopic methods, the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism. Panaxytriol (2) from red ginseng, and asperic acid (4) showed significant antifeedant effect with the antifeedant rates of 75 % and 80 % at the concentrations of 50 µg/cm2 . Monomeric carviolin (3) and asperazine (5) displayed weak attractant activity on silkworm. All compounds were assayed for antifungal activities against phytopathogens A. tubingensis, Nigrospora oryzae and Phoma herbarum and the results indicated that autotoxic aspertubin A (1) and panaxytriol (2) possessed selective inhibition against A. tubingensis with MIC values at 8 µg/mL. The co-culture extract showed higher antifeedant and antifungal activities against P. herbarum than those of monoculture of A. tubingensis in ordinary medium. So the medicinal plant and endophyte showed synergistic effect on the plant disease resistance by active compounds from the coculture of A. tubingensis S1120 and red ginseng.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/química , Aspergillus/química , Repelentes de Insetos/química , Panax/química , Animais , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Ascomicetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Aspergillus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aspergillus/metabolismo , Bombyx/efeitos dos fármacos , Bombyx/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Enedi-Inos/química , Enedi-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Enedi-Inos/farmacologia , Álcoois Graxos/química , Álcoois Graxos/isolamento & purificação , Álcoois Graxos/farmacologia , Repelentes de Insetos/isolamento & purificação , Repelentes de Insetos/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Conformação Molecular , Panax/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Panax/metabolismo , Phoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Plantas Medicinais/química , Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas Medicinais/metabolismo
2.
J Pharmacol Sci ; 145(3): 273-278, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33602508

RESUMO

Activated microglia induce brain inflammation and neuronal death. Panaxytriol, ((3R,9R,10R)-Heptadec-1-en-4,6-diyne-3,9,10-triol), is a component of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extracts and activates the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. However, little is known about its effects on activated microglia in the brain. In this study, we investigated the effect of panaxytriol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activated microglia in BV-2 cells. Panaxytriol suppressed LPS-induced NO production and inhibited the increase in iNOS protein expression in BV-2 cells. Besides, panaxytriol inhibited the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6. The inhibitory effect of panaxytriol on microglia activation did not affect the Nrf2-ARE pathway and the MAPK pathway. However, panaxytriol suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. These results suggest that panaxytriol inhibits the LPS-induced activation of microglia via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.


Assuntos
Enedi-Inos/farmacologia , Álcoois Graxos/farmacologia , Microglia/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Encéfalo/citologia , Linhagem Celular , Citocinas/metabolismo , Enedi-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Álcoois Graxos/isolamento & purificação , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Camundongos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Panax/química , Transdução de Sinais/genética
3.
Clin Toxicol (Phila) ; 47(4): 270-8, 2009 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19514873

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Water hemlock, which encompasses a range of species divided across two genera (Cicuta and Oenanthe), are regarded as being among the most poisonous plants both in North America and in the United Kingdom. Despite their toxicity, the literature consists almost entirely of case reports. AIM: The aim of this review is to summarize this literature by covering all aspects of taxonomy and botanical characterization, principal toxins, basic pharmacology including mechanisms of toxicity, and the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of poisoning. MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY: The principal toxins, cicutoxin and oenanthotoxin, belong to a group of C17 conjugated polyacetylenes. They act as (noncompetitive) gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonists in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in unabated neuronal depolarization that can lead to seizures. Ingestion of even a small amount of plant matter may result in severe intoxication. FEATURES: After ingestion, the patient is most likely to experience CNS stimulatory effects including seizures that, in the absence of aggressive supportive care, can result in death. Other features include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tachycardia, mydriasis, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, coma, respiratory impairment, and cardiac dysrhythmias. MANAGEMENT: Treatment consists mainly of prompt airway management and seizure control, plus decontamination if achieved early and after stabilization. In the event of renal failure, the use of hemodialysis has been employed successfully. CONCLUSIONS: The ingestion of water hemlock can lead to serious complications that may be fatal. Prognosis is good, however, if prompt supportive care is provided.


Assuntos
Cicuta/intoxicação , Oenanthe/intoxicação , Intoxicação por Plantas/fisiopatologia , Animais , Cicuta/química , Di-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Di-Inos/intoxicação , Enedi-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Enedi-Inos/intoxicação , Álcoois Graxos/isolamento & purificação , Álcoois Graxos/intoxicação , Antagonistas GABAérgicos/isolamento & purificação , Antagonistas GABAérgicos/intoxicação , Humanos , América do Norte/epidemiologia , Oenanthe/química , Intoxicação por Plantas/etiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/terapia , Reino Unido/epidemiologia
4.
J Nat Prod ; 72(5): 962-5, 2009 May 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19245244

RESUMO

An investigation of Oenanthe fistulosa from Sardinia afforded oenanthotoxin (1a) and dihydrooenanthotoxin (1b) from the roots and the diacetylenic epoxydiol 2 from the seeds. The absolute configuration of 1a and 1b was established as R by the modified Mosher's method, and the structure of 2 by chemical correlation with (+)-(3R,8S)-falcarindiol. Oenanthotoxin (1a) and dihydrooenanthotoxin (1b) were found to potently block GABAergic responses, providing a molecular rationale for the symptoms of poisoning from water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and related plants. These observations bear relevance for a series of historical and ethnopharmacological observations on the identification of the Sardonic herb and the molecular details of the facial muscular contraction caused by its ingestion (risus sardonicus).


Assuntos
Apiaceae/química , Di-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Enedi-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Enedi-Inos/farmacologia , Álcoois Graxos/isolamento & purificação , Álcoois Graxos/farmacologia , Antagonistas GABAérgicos/isolamento & purificação , Antagonistas GABAérgicos/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Receptores de GABA-A , Neurotoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Neurotoxinas/farmacologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/etiologia , Poli-Inos/isolamento & purificação , Poli-Inos/farmacologia , Di-Inos/química , Di-Inos/farmacologia , Di-Inos/intoxicação , Enedi-Inos/química , Enedi-Inos/intoxicação , Álcoois Graxos/química , Álcoois Graxos/intoxicação , Antagonistas GABAérgicos/química , Itália , Estrutura Molecular , Neurotoxinas/química , Neurotoxinas/intoxicação , Oenanthe/intoxicação , Raízes de Plantas/química , Poli-Inos/química , Poli-Inos/intoxicação , Sementes/química , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
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