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1.
J Med Case Rep ; 15(1): 16, 2021 Jan 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33468218

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Use of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) has been increasingly growing as an adjuvant in vitreo-retina surgeries. Some commonly encountered complications with its use include subretinal migration, formation of sticky silicone oil or retained PFCL in vitreous cavity and anterior chamber. Scleral rupture during PFCL injection has a rare occurrence. We report an unexpected event of scleral rupture during PFCL injection and discuss the management challenges faced by the surgeon. CASE PRESENTATION: A 66 year indo-aryan male was undergoing pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) with diagnosis of subtotal rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) with Proliferative Vitreo-retonipathy (PVR)-B. After near total vitrectomy PFCL was being injected and then there was sudden poor visualization of fundus with development of bullous RD and globe hypotony. The surgeon was not able to figure out the cause of hypotony and air was switched on in the infusion cannula. This further complicated the situation resulting in migration of air in the anterior chamber, posterior dislocation of intraocular lens complex, 180° inferior retinal dialysis and ballooning of the conjunctiva which gave a clue of probable scleral rupture. Conjunctival peritomy was performed superiorly and scleral defect was noted. Intraocular tissue incarceration and air leak was visible from the wound. This confirmed scleral rupture during PFCL injection. Repositioning of incarcerated retina was not possible and retinectomy was performed followed by repair of scleral rupture with lots of difficulty in a vitrectomised eye. CONCLUSION: PFCL injection, a crucial step of vitreoretina surgery, should be performed slowly with extreme caution maintaining an optimal intraocular pressure to prevent devastating complications like scleral rupture.


Assuntos
Fluorocarbonos/administração & dosagem , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Injeções Intravítreas/efeitos adversos , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Ruptura/etiologia , Esclera/lesões , Vitrectomia/métodos , Vitreorretinopatia Proliferativa/cirurgia , Idoso , Traumatismos Oculares/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Cirurgia Vitreorretiniana/métodos
2.
Cornea ; 37(2): 211-217, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29140861

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Watertight closure of perforating corneoscleral lacerations is necessary to prevent epithelial ingrowth, infection, and potential loss of the eye. Complex lacerations can be difficult to treat, and repair with sutures alone is often inadequate. In this study, we evaluated a potentially sutureless technology for sealing complex corneal and scleral lacerations that bonds the amniotic membrane (AM) to the wound using only green light and rose bengal dye. METHODS: The AM was impregnated with rose bengal and then sealed over lacerations using green light to bond the AM to the deepithelialized corneal surface. This process was compared with suture repair of 3 laceration configurations in New Zealand White rabbits in 3 arms of the study. A fourth study arm assessed the side effect profile including viability of cells in the iris, damage to the blood-retinal barrier, retinal photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and choriocapillaris in Dutch Belted rabbits. RESULTS: Analyses of the first 3 arms revealed a clinically insignificant increase in polymorphonuclear inflammation. In the fourth arm, iris cells appeared unaffected and no evidence of breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier was detected. The retina from green light laser-treated eyes showed normal retinal pigment epithelium, intact outer segments, and normal outer nuclear layer thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The results of these studies established that a light-activated method to cross-link AM to the cornea can be used for sealing complex penetrating wounds in the cornea and sclera with minimal inflammation or secondary effects.


Assuntos
Âmnio/transplante , Lesões da Córnea/cirurgia , Corantes Fluorescentes/uso terapêutico , Lacerações/cirurgia , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Rosa Bengala/uso terapêutico , Doenças da Esclera/cirurgia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Coelhos , Esclera/lesões
4.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 36(6): 885-9, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20494757

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the risk for and circumstances of serious complications during peribulbar and retrobulbar anesthesia. SETTING: University eye departments, Freiburg and Würzburg, Germany, and Skopje, Macedonia. METHODS: This retrospective analysis comprised patients who received secondary care for complications of inadvertent globe perforation during peribulbar or retrobulbar injections over a 17-year period. RESULTS: The review identified 9 inadvertent globe perforations that led to a variety of complications, ranging from subretinal hemorrhage to a globe rupture. Two cases were minor (subretinal hemorrhage with spontaneous resorption and retinal break requiring photocoagulation). All other cases required 1 or more vitrectomies to resolve intraocular hemorrhage and retinal detachment. Most cases still had significant functional impairment after treatment. Two of the 9 eyes regained reading ability, 1 eye maintained no light perception acuity, and 6 eyes had ambulatory vision only. CONCLUSIONS: Although perforation is a rare complication of peribulbar anesthesia in normal eyes, the severity of complications in this study point to the importance of giving all patients, not only those with risk factors (eg, myopia, scar formation), detailed information about the possible risks and complications of peribulbar injections compared with those of other methods such as topical anesthesia and general anesthesia.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/métodos , Doença Iatrogênica , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/etiologia , Esclera/lesões , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Extração de Catarata , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/cirurgia , Padrões de Prática Médica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Acuidade Visual/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
6.
Ophthalmologe ; 105(10): 936-42, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18351359

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Since 2004, inpatient health care for penetrating eye injuries in Germany had been paid according to the calculated DRG C01Z. Because the extent of treatment mainly derives from the extent of eye damage, this DRG economically summarises very heterogeneous cases. It was the aim to check the cost recovery for the surgical treatment of penetrating eye injuries at a university eye hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Performance data for the DRG C01Z were collected for the years 2005 and 2006 using the E1 sheets according to section sign21 KHEntG. Costs for single operations were calculated from fixed and variable costs for the operating theatre and the ward, including costs for personnel and supplies. RESULTS: In the 2-year period, out of 4,721 inpatient procedures, 180 perforating eye injuries were surgically treated. In 80 cases, a pure corneal/scleral suture (plus cataract surgery, n=10; mean operating time 67.81 min) was performed. In the other 100 cases, a pars plana vitrectomy (ppV) with adjuvant measures (mean operating time 124.69 min) was needed. Each operation had fixed surgical costs of EUR 130.60; variable costs, including personnel and supplies, varied between EUR 570 for corneal/scleral suture (+/-EUR 250 for combined cataract surgery (n=10) and EUR 1230 (mean) for a ppV. Cost-effective additional adjuncts such as cerclage, perfluorocarbon, gas, silicone oil, or cataract surgery led to extra costs of between EUR 51 and EUR 250 per adjunct (mean EUR 182). At least two of these adjuncts were used in 50% of ppVs, and at least one was used in 90% of ppVs. Hospitalisation costs were about EUR 2184 (EUR 273 per day), with a mean stay of 8 days. The overall costs of an operation for penetrating eye injuries differed significantly in terms of the procedure (corneal/scleral suture: EUR 2662, mean length of stay 7.06 days; ppV: EUR 3712, mean length of stay 8.62 days). Additional costs for multiple surgeries, as occurred in 11.1% of all cases, were not compensated by the DRG system. CONCLUSION: In consideration of a relative DRG weight of 1,177 and a base rate of EUR 2723.79 in Bavaria for 2005 and 2006, perforating eye injuries were compensated within the C01Z DRG at EUR 3205,96. Thus, for ppVs no costs are recovered, whereas "pure suture" procedures are overweighted. Due to this inhomogeneity, a split in the C01Z DRG is necessary.


Assuntos
Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados/economia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/economia , Custos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/economia , Extração de Catarata/economia , Terapia Combinada , Córnea/cirurgia , Lesões da Córnea , Alemanha , Hospitais Universitários/economia , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/economia , Mecanismo de Reembolso/economia , Esclera/lesões , Esclera/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura/economia , Cuidados de Saúde não Remunerados/economia , Vitrectomia/economia
7.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 30(3): 726-9, 2004 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15050277

RESUMO

We present a 76-year-old patient who had ocular trauma with dehiscence of the wound and scleral rupture with a prolapsed iris, ciliary body, intraocular lens, and vitreous after uneventful cataract surgery with a self-sealing sclerocorneal tunnel incision. General anesthesia was not possible because the patient had a history of lung cancer with extensive emphysema and unstable coronary disease. Local retrobulbar or peribulbar anesthesia was not considered because of the risk for further extrusion of intraocular contents. Topical anesthesia was applied with a 10.0 mm x 2.5 mm cellulose sponge soaked in oxybuprocaine 0.4% (Novesine) placed under the upper and lower lid for 20 minutes. Surgical repair of a 14.0 mm scleral wound was achieved without complication or pain during the procedure.


Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas , Anestesia Local/métodos , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Procaína/análogos & derivados , Esclera/lesões , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/cirurgia , Doenças da Úvea/cirurgia , Idoso , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/diagnóstico por imagem , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Feminino , Migração de Corpo Estranho/diagnóstico por imagem , Migração de Corpo Estranho/etiologia , Migração de Corpo Estranho/cirurgia , Humanos , Lentes Intraoculares , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Procaína/administração & dosagem , Prolapso , Ruptura , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/diagnóstico por imagem , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Doenças da Úvea/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Úvea/etiologia
8.
Ophthalmology ; 110(8): 1555-9, 2003 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12917172

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical anesthesia (TA) and IV sedation in surgery for less severe open-globe injury (OGI). DESIGN: Noncomparative consecutive interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Of 67 OGI cases reviewed at the Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy, in the period from 1999 to 2000, 10 eyes (14.9%) of 10 consecutive patients (age range, 6-58 years) were repaired using TA and IV sedation. All patients belonged to the American Society of Anesthesiologists risk class I or II. Nine eyes had corneoscleral wounds, four had vitreous loss, two had traumatic cataract, and three had an intraocular foreign body (IOFB); one patient had interruption of a continuous penetrating keratoplasty suture. Preoperatively, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from hand movement to 20/20. INTERVENTION: Corneoscleral suture was performed in nine patients, vitreous excision in four, uveal excision or reposition in four, IOFB removal in three, and cataract extraction in two; corneal button resuture was carried out in one patient. All patients received topical oxybuprocaine hydrochloride 0.4%, and IV propofol, midazolam, and fentanyl for anesthesia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The change in BCVA was evaluated. Within 24 hours after surgery, each patient was asked to grade subjective pain and discomfort on a 4-point scale. The surgeon was asked to report difficulties attributable to the operating conditions. Complications related to anesthesia and to surgery were assessed. RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity stabilized or improved in all patients. All patients had grade 1 pain and discomfort during most of the procedure. All patients had grade 2 (mild) pain and discomfort during external bipolar cautery and conjunctival closure. No patient required additional anesthesia. The operating conditions as reported by the surgeons were graded slightly difficult in all cases but one, which was graded moderately difficult. No patient had surgical or anesthesia-related adverse events or life-threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: Topical anesthesia and IV sedation are safe and effective and could be a reasonable alternative for less severe OGI. The degree of patient discomfort is only marginal during surgery and postoperatively. However, surgical training and patient preparation are the keys to the safe use of this anesthetic modality.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Combinados/administração & dosagem , Sedação Consciente/métodos , Lesões da Córnea , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Esclera/lesões , Adolescente , Adulto , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Soluções Oftálmicas/administração & dosagem , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Segurança , Acuidade Visual
9.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 135(2): 251-2, 2003 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12566043

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To report a rare complication of retrobulbar anesthesia with ipsilateral globe penetration and transient contralateral amaurosis. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 63-year-old woman complained of vision loss in the right eye immediately following cataract surgery on the left eye. RESULTS: Right eye vision decreased to no light perception with clear media and normal fundus. The vision recovered to baseline in 12 hours. Left eye vision was checked and demonstrated only light perception. Fundus examination disclosed preretinal and vitreous hemorrhage. During vitrectomy of the left eye, a penetrating wound below the optic disk with retinal detachment was found. CONCLUSION: The ipsilateral globe penetration wound depicts the mechanism of contralateral amaurosis following retrobulbar anesthesia of the case.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Cegueira/etiologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/complicações , Retina/lesões , Esclera/lesões , Cegueira/fisiopatologia , Cegueira/cirurgia , Extração de Catarata , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/fisiopatologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Órbita , Descolamento Retiniano/etiologia , Descolamento Retiniano/fisiopatologia , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Hemorragia Retiniana/etiologia , Hemorragia Retiniana/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Retiniana/cirurgia , Acuidade Visual , Vitrectomia , Hemorragia Vítrea/etiologia , Hemorragia Vítrea/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Vítrea/cirurgia
10.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 28(3): 556-61, 2002 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11973110

RESUMO

We report 3 cases of globe rupture after peribulbar anesthesia. We discuss the predisposing factors, presenting features, and visual outcome after this complication. Globe explosion is a severe complication of inadvertent intraocular injection during peribulbar anesthesia. Visual outcome after vitrectomy is generally poor; however, cases that do not develop a retinal detachment may achieve good results.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Hemorragia da Coroide/etiologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Injeções/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/etiologia , Esclera/lesões , Hemorragia Vítrea/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Extração de Catarata , Hemorragia da Coroide/patologia , Hemorragia da Coroide/cirurgia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/patologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/patologia , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/cirurgia , Ruptura , Hemorragia Vítrea/patologia , Hemorragia Vítrea/cirurgia
11.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 28(3): 562-5, 2002 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11973111
13.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 131(4): 520-1, 2001 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11292426

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To report a case of globe perforation while initiating posterior subtenon's anesthesia. METHODS: Case report. A 40-year-old man with a history of retinal detachment in both eyes presented for repair of a second retinal detachment in the LE. RESULTS: Upon dissecting a space beneath the Tenon capsule with scissors, the globe was perforated. CONCLUSION: In patients with prior ophthalmologic surgery, thinned sclera, or excess scar tissue, increased caution should be employed during initiation of sub-Tenon anesthesia or an alternative method should be used.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Perfurações Retinianas/etiologia , Esclera/lesões , Hemorragia Vítrea/etiologia , Adulto , Tecido Conjuntivo , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Humanos , Fotocoagulação a Laser , Masculino , Recidiva , Reoperação , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Ruptura , Esclera/cirurgia , Recurvamento da Esclera , Acuidade Visual , Hemorragia Vítrea/cirurgia
14.
Ophthalmol Clin North Am ; 14(4): 573-9, 2001 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11787737

RESUMO

As a whole, the complication rate of retrobulbar and peribulbar injections is low, especially if done correctly (see appendix I). Side effects, however, can be extremely serious, and alternative methods such as topical or sub-Tenon's anesthesia should be considered (see appendix II), particularly when evaluating monocular patients with high-risk characteristics.


Assuntos
Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Injeções/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/etiologia , Órbita/lesões , Esclera/lesões , Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Anestésicos Locais/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/terapia , Humanos , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/diagnóstico , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/terapia
18.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 25(9): 1237-44, 1999 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10476508

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To measure the frequency of scleral perforation and identify related risk factors during local anesthetic injection for intraocular surgery. SETTING: Multispecialty eye hospital. METHODS: All patients (n = 50,000) having retrobulbar (26,857) or peribulbar (23,143) injections at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital were reviewed. Cases of scleral perforation were analyzed for potential technical and ophthalmic risk factors, management of injuries, and visual and anatomic outcomes. Mean follow-up was 14.4 months (range 8 to 24 months). RESULTS: Seven (0.014%) needlestick injuries were identified, all of which had posterior staphyloma as the only identifiable risk factor. Applying a previously measured prevalence of 10.7% for posterior staphyloma in our surgery patients gave a scleral perforation rate of 0.13% (7 of 5350) for staphylomatous eyes. All perforated globes had originally planned cataract extraction within 8 weeks of injury. Additional management consisted of observation (2 cases), cryotherapy (2 cases), and vitreoretinal procedures for retinal detachment (3 cases) and subretinal hemorrhage (1 case). At last follow-up, all retinas were attached and 3 cases (42.8%) had a visual acuity of worse than 20/160. Both cases requiring multiple retinal detachment surgeries developed proliferative vitreoretinopathy and poor visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Eyes with posterior staphyloma sustained needlestick injuries at a rate of 1 in 760 compared with 0 injection perforations in more than 44,000 nonstaphylomatous eyes.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local , Injeções/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/etiologia , Órbita , Esclera/lesões , Adulto , Idoso , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Criocirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/cirurgia , Retina/lesões , Descolamento Retiniano/etiologia , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Hemorragia Retiniana/etiologia , Hemorragia Retiniana/cirurgia , Perfurações Retinianas/etiologia , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Fatores de Risco , Acuidade Visual , Vitrectomia
19.
Acta Ophthalmol Scand ; 77(3): 321-5, 1999 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10406154

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To identify the prognostic factors of poor visual outcome (visual acuity < or =6/240) in eyes with intraocular foreign bodies. METHODS: The records of 95 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed for 6 years (1990-1995). All eyes underwent a primary surgical repair and foreign-body removal (electromagnet or vitrectomy). The mean follow-up period was 25 months (6-72 months). Single analysis and multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis were performed to determine predictors of poor vision. RESULTS: Thirty patients (31.6%) showed 6/240 or worse vision at the end of their follow-up period. Three significant predictive factors had independent and combined effects on post-operative visual outcome: a corneo-scleral entry wound (odds ratio (OR)=14.5, p=0.001), largest diameter of IOFB (OR=1.21, p=0.01) and the presence of secondary retinal detachment (OR=9.48, p=0.0002). Post-operative complications included traumatic cataracts (51%), retinal detachments (28%) and phthisis bulbi (8%). CONCLUSION: Using multivariate analysis, corneo-scleral entry wound, largest diameter of foreign body and secondary retinal detachment were found to be predictors of poor visual outcome after intraocular foreign body removal. Our results suggest that patients with high-risk intraocular foreign body trauma should be candidates for pars plana vitrectomy rather than electromagnet procedure.


Assuntos
Lesões da Córnea , Corpos Estranhos no Olho/fisiopatologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/fisiopatologia , Retina/fisiopatologia , Esclera/lesões , Acuidade Visual , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Catarata/etiologia , Criança , Corpos Estranhos no Olho/etiologia , Corpos Estranhos no Olho/cirurgia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Magnetismo/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Reoperação , Descolamento Retiniano/etiologia , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acuidade Visual/fisiologia , Vitrectomia
20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 47(3): 181-3, 1999 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10858774

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical presentation and outcome of treatment for globe perforation secondary to peri-bulbar anaesthesia. METHODS: Eight patients (3 females and 5 males) aged 66-84 years were included in the study. Ocular perforations were suspected in 3 cases before or during surgery, in 4 cases diagnosis was established within one week and in one case at 3 weeks. Three patients underwent indirect argon laser photocoagulation to seal the retinal break, one patient had cryotherapy, 3 patients underwent a pars plana vitrectomy with fluid gas exchange and endo-laser; and one patient refused any further treatment. RESULTS: The final visual acuity after a mean follow up of 14 months was better than 6/9 in 2 patients, between 6/9-6/12 in 4 patients, and perception of light in 2 patients. CONCLUSION: If diagnosed early and treated adequately, a majority of patients with globe perforation during periocular anaesthetic could be saved.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Fotocoagulação a Laser , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/cirurgia , Retina/lesões , Esclera/lesões , Vitrectomia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções , Masculino , Ferimentos Penetrantes Produzidos por Agulha/etiologia , Órbita , Reoperação , Descolamento Retiniano/etiologia , Descolamento Retiniano/cirurgia , Perfurações Retinianas/etiologia , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento
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