RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming kinases (ROCK) signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with dysmenorrhea, so as to explore the underlying mechanism of EA treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and uterine smooth muscle spasm, and to observe whether there is a difference in the effect of meridian acupoints in Conception Vessel (CV) and Governer Vessel (GV). METHODS: Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into saline, model, CV, GV, and non-acupoint groups, with 12 rats in each group. The dysmenorrhea model was established by subcutaneous injection of estradiol diphenhydrate combined with intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin (OT). EA (2 Hz) was applied to "Qihai" (CV6) and "Zhongji" (CV3) for CV group, "Mingmen" (GV4) and "Yaoshu" (GV2) for GV group, "non-acupoint 1" and "non-acupoint 3" on the left side for non-acupoint group, and manual acupuncture was applied to "Guanyuan" (CV4) for CV group, "Yaoyangguan" (GV3) for GV group, "non-acupoint 2" on the left side for non-acupoint group. The treatment was conducted for 20 min each time, once daily for 10 days. The writhing score was evaluated. The smooth myoelectric signals of rats' uterus in vivo were recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder. The uterine histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The contents of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), OT and calcium ion (Ca2+) in uterine tissue of rats were detected by ELISA. The protein and mRNA expression levels of smooth muscle 22-α (SM22-α), RhoA and ROCKâ ¡ in uterine tissue were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the saline group, the writhing score of rats in the model group was increased (P<0.01), the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle in vivo was elevated (P<0.01), the contents of PGF2α, OT and Ca2+, the protein and mRNA expression of SM22-α, RhoA and ROCK â ¡ in uterine tissue were all increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model and the non-acupoint groups, the writhing scores of the CV and the GV groups were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle was decreased (P<0.01), the contents of PGF2α, OT and Ca2+ in uterine tissue were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the protein expression and mRNA expression of SM22-α, RhoA and ROCKâ ¡ in uterine tissue were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05). HE staining showed extensive exfoliation of uterine intima with severe edema and increased glandular secretion in the model group, which was alleviated in the CV and GV groups. CONCLUSIONS: EA at acupoints of CV and GV can significantly reduce the writhing score, uterine smooth muscle amplitude voltage, pathological injury degree of uterus, and relieve spasm of uterine smooth muscle in dysmenorrhea rats, which may be related to its effect in regulating PGF2α and OT contents, inhibiting the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway, and reducing the SM22-α, RhoA, ROCKâ ¡ protein and mRNA expression, and Ca2+ content in uterine tissue.
Assuntos
Pontos de Acupuntura , Dismenorreia , Eletroacupuntura , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais , Útero , Quinases Associadas a rho , Animais , Feminino , Dismenorreia/terapia , Dismenorreia/metabolismo , Dismenorreia/genética , Quinases Associadas a rho/metabolismo , Quinases Associadas a rho/genética , Ratos , Humanos , Útero/metabolismo , Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Espasmo/terapia , Espasmo/genética , Espasmo/metabolismo , Espasmo/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
CASO CLÍNICO: Mujer de 38 años con diplopía y endotropía. Limitación total de la abducción en AO al explorar las versiones, que se normalizan al explorar el reflejo de los ojos de muñeca. Es diagnosticada de espasmo del reflejo de cerca (ERC) y tratada con inyecciones repetidas de Botox en rectos medios, resolviéndose temporalmente el espasmo. DISCUSIÓN: El ERC se caracteriza por miosis, seudomiopía y convergencia que producen diplopía, visión borrosa, cefalea y endotropía variable, progresiva e intermitente. Se puede confundir con una paresia bilateral del vi nervio. El tratamiento con inyecciones repetidas de bótox puede ser efectivo en algunos casos
CLINICAL CASE: A 38-year old female with diplopia and esotropia, with limitation of ocular abduction in both eyes, with full abduction after doll's head rotation also being observed. She was diagnosed with spasm of the near reflex. Treatment with injections of botulinum toxin in both medial rectus has temporally resolved the convergence spasm. DISCUSSION: Near reflex spasm is characterized as miosis, pseudomyopia, and convergent strabismus that lead to diplopia, blurred vision, headache, and variable, progressive, and intermittent esotropia. As the spasm worsens there will be limited ocular versions and ductions simulating a sixth nerve palsy. Botulinum toxin may be effective in some cases
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Espasmo/patologia , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/farmacologia , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Esotropia/diagnóstico , Esotropia/patologia , Esotropia/congênito , Esotropia/metabolismo , Doença de Meniere/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Meniere/enfermagem , Espasmo/genética , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/metabolismo , Esotropia/complicações , Esotropia/enfermagem , Esotropia/cirurgia , Doença de Meniere/metabolismo , Doença de Meniere/patologiaRESUMO
In this study we present 3 families with malignant hyperthermia (MH), all of Indian subcontinent descent. One individual from each of these families was fully sequenced for RYR1 and presented with the non-synonymous change c.11315G>A/p.R3772Q. When present in the homozygous state c.11315*A is associated with myopathic symptoms.