RESUMO
Fermented extracts have evolved to be a potential alternative to synthetic chemicals, owing to their anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. This study intends to assess the potential of fermented Zanthoxylum schinifolium extract for use in biomedical applications. Probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus A6-5, were deployed as a seed culture for fermentation. The fermented extract showed greater tyrosinase inhibitory activity and reduced melanin production (58.3%) compared with the raw extract. Cytotoxicity assay inferred that 500 µg/mL is the ideal non-toxic concentration with maximum cell viability. In addition, DAPI staining did not show any damage to the chromatin structure of the cells. The anti-aging property of the fermented extract was confirmed by a decrease in IL-6 content. The fermented extract showed lower MIC (40 mg/mL) and MBC (60 mg/mL), indicating greater anti-bacterial activity than the raw extract. The results confirmed that the fermented Z. schinifolium extract has high biomedical properties compared with the raw extract and can be used as an ideal skin whitening agent.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/metabolismo , Melaninas/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Zanthoxylum/química , Animais , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/metabolismo , Reatores Biológicos , Linhagem Celular , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Fermentação , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/genética , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/isolamento & purificação , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/imunologia , Melaninas/metabolismo , Camundongos , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Staphylococcus epidermidis/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus epidermidis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estrelas-do-Mar/microbiologia , Zanthoxylum/microbiologiaRESUMO
The marine fungus Pseudallescheria boydii was isolated from the inner tissue of the starfish Acanthaster planci. This fungus was cultured in a high salinity glucose-peptone-yeast extract (GPY) medium. Two new chlorinated benzofuran derivatives, 6-chloro-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5 hydroxybenzofuran (1) and 7-chloro-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxybenzofuran (2), were obtained from the extract of the culture broth. Their structures were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS data.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/química , Pseudallescheria/química , Animais , Estrutura Molecular , Estrelas-do-Mar/microbiologiaRESUMO
Trichodermaerin (1), a novel diterpenoid lactone, together with the known compound, harziandione (2) were isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Trichoderma erinaceum associated with the sea star Acanthaster planci. Their structures were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS data. 1 was the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase catalyzed oxidation product of 2. Compound 2 did not show cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines.
Assuntos
Diterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Estrelas-do-Mar/microbiologia , Trichoderma/química , Animais , Diterpenos/química , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Lactonas/química , Células MCF-7 , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
Two novel sorbicillinoid analogues, (4'Z)-sorbicillin (1) and (2S)-2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-[(E)-prop-1-enyl]-chroman-4-one (2), together with three known compounds, (2S)-2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-2-[(E)-prop-1-enyl]-chroman-4-one (3), sorbicillin (4), and 2',3'-dihydrosorbicillin (5), were isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Trichoderma sp. associated with the seastar Acanthaster planci. Their structures were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS data. Compound I was the first example with a Z-configuration of the C-4'/C-5' double bond in the sorbyl side chain. Compounds 2 and 3 were uncommon monomeric sorbicillinoids with a cyclic sorbyl chain. 2, 3 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines.
Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/química , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Cromanos/química , Cromanos/farmacologia , Resorcinóis/química , Resorcinóis/farmacologia , Estrelas-do-Mar/microbiologia , Trichoderma/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Dicroísmo Circular , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Conformação Molecular , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Sais de Tetrazólio , TiazóisRESUMO
Isolated organisms from two common Indo-Pacific marine animals (Echinometra mathaei urchins and Acanthaster planci sea stars) likely to cause puncture wounds to recreational beachcombers, diverse, or operational military forces during amphibious assaults demonstrate why practitioners should consider their first choice for potential antibiotic therapy differently from their usual favorite antibiotics. The effects of thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose (TCBS) agar, varying salt concentrations in the standard media, and comparison of room temperature incubation versus use of the 30 degrees C (86 degrees F) incubator are reviewed. The yield of pathogenic marine bacteria is increased if TCBS agar is used and more than one temperature is used for incubation. A potentially significant human pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus, appears to be ubiquitous.