RESUMO
We report a case of a 50-year-old lady with allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine, who in her quest to find a substitute hair dye, subsequently reacted to a number of plant-based hair dyes, including pure henna, black tea and indigo powder respectively. While these substances all contain tannins, testing to possible constituents tannic acid and gallic acid was negative.
Assuntos
Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/etiologia , Alérgenos , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Índigo Carmim/imunologia , Lawsonia (Planta)/imunologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes do Emplastro , Prurido/diagnóstico , Prurido/etiologia , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Chá/imunologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Complex-partial seizures are frequently resistant to antiepileptic therapy. Two new medications with mechanisms of action novel within the antiepileptic class have recently received approval for the adjunctive treatment of partial (focal) seizures. AREAS COVERED: A Medline search was conducted to identify preclinical and clinical studies of ezogabine and perampanel. This was supplemented with additional articles obtained from online sources and information provided by the FDA and the manufacturers. The focus of this review is on the safety profiles of ezogabine (retigabine), a novel antiepileptic that targets voltage-gated potassium channels, and perampanel, a noncompetitive α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate glutamate receptor antagonist. EXPERT OPINION: Central nervous system effects are predominant within the adverse event profiles of both ezogabine and perampanel. In addition, ezogabine exerts its inhibitory effects on potassium channels in the urogenital tract potentially resulting in urinary retention and related outcomes. Recent reports of blue discoloration of the skin and in the retinas of long-term ezogabine users have surfaced. Both drugs have demonstrated the ability to induce neuropsychiatric symptoms. Though both are welcome additions to the antiepileptic drug class, additional monitoring, appropriate counseling, and careful selection of patients are warranted to minimize adverse events.
Assuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/efeitos adversos , Carbamatos/efeitos adversos , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Piridonas/efeitos adversos , Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Carbamatos/farmacologia , Carbamatos/uso terapêutico , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Resistência a Medicamentos , Epilepsia Parcial Complexa/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Nitrilas , Seleção de Pacientes , Fenilenodiaminas/farmacologia , Fenilenodiaminas/uso terapêutico , Canais de Potássio de Abertura Dependente da Tensão da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Canais de Potássio de Abertura Dependente da Tensão da Membrana/metabolismo , Piridonas/farmacologia , Piridonas/uso terapêutico , Receptores de AMPA/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
We prepared p-phenylenediamine (PDA)-incorporated nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid (HA). PDA-incorporated HA nanoparticles have spherical shapes and sizes were less than 300 nm. The results of FT-IR spectra indicated that PDA-incorporated HA nanoparticles were formed by ion-complex formation between amine group of PDA and carboxyl group of HA. Furthermore, powder-X-ray diffractogram (XRD) measurement showed that intrinsic crystalline peak of PDA disappeared by formation of nanoparticle with HA at XRD measurement. These results indicated that PDA-incorporated HA nanoparticles were formed by ion-complex formation. At drug release study, the higher PDA contents induced faster release rate from nanoparticles. PDA-incorporated nanoparticles showed reduced intrinsic toxicity against HaCaT human keratinocyte cells at MTT assay and apoptosis assay. We suggest that PDA-incorporated HA nanoparticles are promising candidates for novel permanent hair dye.
Assuntos
Tinturas para Cabelo/química , Tinturas para Cabelo/farmacocinética , Ácido Hialurônico/química , Ácido Hialurônico/farmacocinética , Nanopartículas/química , Linhagem Celular , Preparações de Ação Retardada/efeitos adversos , Preparações de Ação Retardada/química , Preparações de Ação Retardada/farmacocinética , Preparações de Ação Retardada/farmacologia , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Tinturas para Cabelo/farmacologia , Humanos , Ácido Hialurônico/efeitos adversos , Ácido Hialurônico/farmacologia , Nanopartículas/efeitos adversos , Tamanho da Partícula , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Fenilenodiaminas/química , Fenilenodiaminas/farmacocinética , Fenilenodiaminas/farmacologiaAssuntos
Dermatoses Faciais/radioterapia , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Hipopigmentação/radioterapia , Lasers de Excimer/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hipopigmentação/induzido quimicamente , Hipopigmentação/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Evidence regarding the risk of active sensitization (AS) to p-phenylenediamine (PPD), patch tested 1% in petrolatum, is conflicting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative frequency of 'environmental' exposures and skin reactions to products potentially containing PPD in subgroups of patients with versus without newly diagnosed contact allergy (CA) to PPD upon retesting. Patients patch tested twice with PPD between 1996 and 2004 in the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) network were identified and classified into 4 groups, according to the 2 test results with PPD at D3. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 171 patients (response 57%). The frequency of exposure to 'henna tattoos', dark hair dyes, or textiles or work as hairdresser did not differ significantly between the groups. A significantly shorter median interval between the 2 patch tests was observed in the group with newly diagnosed PPD CA compared with the other groups (293 versus >700 days). The results of the study add new, if somewhat weak, evidence to the notion that patch testing with PPD may indeed carry some risk of AS, as environmental exposures to PPD were as common in the subgroup of patients with incident CA to PPD as in the remaining patients.
Assuntos
Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Corantes/efeitos adversos , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/epidemiologia , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia , Testes do Emplastro/efeitos adversos , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Fitoterapia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/patologia , Feminino , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes do Emplastro/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
An 18-year-old female hairdresser, nonsmoker and nonatopic, developed rhinoconjunctivitis followed by asthma after working for 18 months. The methods that were necessary to obtain a definitive diagnosis of occupational asthma are explained, as well as the medical management performed to improve her asthma over the next 12 months. Tryptase and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were determined before and after specific bronchial challenge. The application of these parameters as complementary diagnostic methods in some cases of occupational asthma is described. Clinical and functional control performed some months later demonstrated an increase in nonspecific bronchial responsiveness after avoidance, likely related to an upper respiratory infection.
Assuntos
Asma/diagnóstico , Barbearia , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Exposição Ocupacional , Adolescente , Asma/etiologia , Asma/terapia , Testes de Provocação Brônquica , Dermatite de Contato/diagnóstico , Dermatite de Contato/etiologia , Dermatite de Contato/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/terapia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/terapia , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , Sulfatos/efeitos adversosRESUMO
In 107 cases of facial contact dermatitis, routine Finn chamber epicutaneous tests with TROLAB European Standard Allergens (ESAs) were performed. Sixty-one (57%) had positive reaction. The most frequent contact allergens were paraphenylenediamine dihydrochloride (16%), followed by fragrance mix (15%), and nickel sulfate (13%). The major sensitized contactants were rims of spectacles, hair dyes, cosmetic creams, and topical medications. Among the cases caused by cosmetic cream, the positive allergens were fragrance mix, formaldehyde, wood alcohols, and balsam of Peru. In ten season-incidence cases in which ESAs and cosmetic cream epicutaneous tests were negative, the chamber and scratch-chamber tests were performed using five kinds of pollen. The results show that all chamber tests were negative, but two cases with scratch-chamber tests were positive.
Assuntos
Dermatite de Contato/etiologia , Dermatoses Faciais/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China , Cosméticos/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Níquel/efeitos adversos , Testes do Emplastro/métodos , Fenilenodiaminas/efeitos adversos , PólenRESUMO
The efficacy and toxicity of Dinaline (GOE 1734; PD 104 208; NSC 328786; 4-amino-N-(2'-aminophenyl)benzamide) was evaluated in the Brown Norway acute myelocytic leukemia, which is generally accepted as a relevant preclinical model for human acute myelocytic leukemia. Upon repeated daily oral administration at least an 8 log leukemic cell kill was achieved with only less than a 1 log kill for normal pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells. Daily split-dose treatment even proved to be more effective and resulted in 40-50% cures. However, toxicity was also more pronounced in particular in regard to the gastrointestinal tract. So far, the mode of action of Dinaline is unknown, but its striking therapeutic index warrants further clinical investigation.