HbA1C as a marker of retrograde glycaemic control in diabetes patient with co-existed beta-thalassaemia: A case report and a literature review.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: The HbA1C marker used in assessing diabetes control quality is not sufficient in diabetes patients with thalassaemia. CASE DESCRIPTION: A male diabetic patient with thalassaemia was hospitalized due to distal neuropathic pain, right toe trophic ulcer, unacceptable five-point glycaemic profile and recommended HbA1C value. After simultaneously initiated insulin therapy and management of ulcer by hyperbaric oxygen, the patient showed improved glycaemic control and ulcer healing, which led to the patient's discharge. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: In thalassaemia and haemoglobinopathies, due to discrepancies in the five-point glycaemic profile and HbA1C values, it is necessary to measure HbA1C with a different method or to determine HbA1C and fructosamine simultaneously.

Protein glycation and aggregation inhibitory potency of biomolecules from black gram milled by-product.

BACKGROUND: Persistent hyperglycaemia causes increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic complication. Therefore, effect of black gram milled by-product (BGBP) extract on inhibition of AGE formation in a bovine serum albumin (BSA)/glucose system was investigated. RESULTS: BGBP extract had a total polyphenol content of 82 mg GAE g-1 and flavonoid content of 46 mg CE g-1 . Ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, gentisic acid, isovitexin, vitexin and epicatechin were the major bioactives in the extract. BGBP extract exhibited an effective Fe2+ chelating activity. Size exclusion-high-performance liquid chromatographic studies indicated that upon BSA-AGE formation the BSA monomer content was 38%; however, in the presence of BGBP extract at 50 and 100 µg levels, the monomer content increased and it was found to be 48% and 73%, respectively. BGBP extract at 50 and 100 µg levels decreased the protein carbonyl and fructosamine contents, and quenched the fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA in a dose-dependent manner. Further, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopic studies confirmed the decrease in formation of AGEs by BGBP extract. CONCLUSION: As BGBP extract inhibited the formation of AGEs, the extract can be used as a nutraceutical or it can be incorporated into food products to obtain functional foods. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Antiglycation and antioxidant properties of soy sauces.

Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia increases formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and metal-catalyzed production of free radicals. This study compared the antioxidant capacities of dark and light soy sauces of different brands and investigated their abilities to inhibit AGEs and whether their mechanism of action was pre- or post-Amadori or involved chelation of transition metals. The antioxidant capacities of soy sauces were compared using the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) method and by measuring their total phenolic contents. Model proteins (lysozyme, albumin) were glycated using fructose with or without soy sauces with subsequent analysis of cross-linked AGEs by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The effect of soy sauces on pre- and post-Amadori inhibition of AGEs was investigated by measuring fructosamine and AGEs following reincubation of ribose-glycated (ribated) lysozyme, respectively. Dark soy sauces had higher antioxidant capacities and phenolic content and were more effective inhibitors of post-Amadori-derived cross-linked AGEs. However, light soy sauces were more effective at inhibiting fructosamine and had more potent metal chelation properties. This study reports the antiglycation properties of soy sauces, but further studies are required to determine the constituents responsible for this effect and whether soy sauce consumption can reduce oxidative stress and AGEs in diabetic subjects.

[Distant healing and diabetes mellitus. A pilot study]. / Fernheilung und Diabetes mellitus: Eine Pilotstudie.

BACKGROUND: The Institut für Grenzgebiete der Psychologie und Psychohygiene, Freiburg (IGPP) in cooperation with the Abteilung Naturheilkunde, University Hospital, Zürich investigated whether Distant Healing has a beneficial effect on patients with diabetes mellitus regarding the state of the disease and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the pilot study was to observe the progression of the disease with various medical and psychological measures and to explore which of them might be sensitive for measuring possible treatment effects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 14 diabetic patients were observed for a period of 16 weeks. Within this time they underwent a treatment of 4 consecutive weeks (weeks 9-12) by 5 experienced and trustworthy healers each. Patients were informed about the duration of the treatment but not about the time point of its beginning. Patients and healers never met and there was no contact between researchers and patients during the study period. RESULTS: With regard to medical parameters, reduction in fructosamine level was observed during the healing period, increasing fructosamine level after the end of the healing period. Sensitivity, measured only at the beginning and at the end of the study period, decreased significantly. The other parameters showed some significant changes but there was no correlation to the Distant Healing intervention. Regarding the psychological data, only improvements were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate the possibility that a Distant Healing intervention could have certain effects on patients with diabetes mellitus.

[Evaluation of the efficacy of biologically active dietary supplements in the diet therapy of patients with diabetes mellitus type II associated with obesity]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti biologicheski aktivnykh dobavok k pishche v dietoterapii bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom 2 tipa s soputstvuiushchim ozhireniem.

The dynamic of glycemia, insulin, C peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, fructosamine, parameters of serum lipids, lipid peroxidation and system of antioxidant defense in 38 patients with diabetes mellitus type II associated with obesity was studied against hypocaloric diet No. 9 R. Besides favorable influence on a clinical picture of the diseas universal normalizing influence of hypoglycemic hypocaloric diet with food dietary supplement "Temarox" on parameters of carbohydrate, lipid and oxidative metabolism was disclosed. The scheme of investigation of efficacy of food dietary supplements in complex treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type II associated with obesity was offered on basis of study of influence "Temarox" on mechanisms of metabolic disorders in these patients.