[Massage with aromatic oils in complex rehabilitation of children with aftereffects of perinatal hypoxic lesions of the central nervous system].

Clinical efficacy of aromatic oils for massage were studied in 31 children with consequences of perinatal hypoxic impairment of the central nervous system. It was found that aromatic oils should be applied individually, depending on the CNS lesion. Aromatic oils for massage promoted faster normalization of clinical status and functional activity of mitochondria of peripheral blood lymphocytes assessed by the enzymes SDG and alpha-GPDG. The response depends on initial activity of the enzymes before the treatment. Thus, it is demonstrated that enzymatic status of blood lymphocytes may help in choice of the kind of aromatic oil for massage, the dynamics of the enzymes is the criterion of the child's response to oil application.

Comparative lipoplasty analysis of in vivo-treated adipose tissue.

A comparative histologic and chemical analysis was undertaken of adipose tissue treated in vivo with traditional, ultrasound-assisted, and external ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty. A series of six healthy women undergoing elective liposuction according to the superwet technique using a 1:1 infiltration ratio with the estimated quantity of fat to be removed was included in the study. Four separate regions on each patient were treated independently in vivo with traditional liposuction, internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction, or external ultrasound-assisted liposuction for 7 minutes. External massage was used as a control. Four separate specimens of adipose tissue from each patient were assessed for cellular disruption using blinded histologic evaluation. The remainder of tissue was centrifuged to separate the aqueous phase from the cellular components and then spectrophotometrically analyzed for creatinine kinase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity as markers of cellular disruption. Histologic analysis confirmed 70 to 90 percent cellular disruption with internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction. Suction-assisted and external ultrasound-assisted liposuction showed 5 to 25 percent disruption, whereas massage controls showed only 5 percent. Only internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction showed 5 to 20 percent thermal liquefaction. Absorbance analysis showed creatine kinase activity (sigma units) greatest in ultrasound-exposed tissue. Both external and internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction gave creatine kinase levels 28 to 33 percent greater than suction-assisted liposuction, which varied only 10 percent from controls. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was 44 percent greater for internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction than that detected with suction-assisted liposuction. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity with external ultrasound-assisted liposuction and massage did not vary much from each other, at only 14 percent and 11 percent activity compared with internal ultrasound-assisted liposuction, respectively. Histologic and enzyme analysis of the different types of liposuction and their effect on adipocyte cellular disruption revealed no significant effect of external ultrasound or massage on the adipocytes. Further experimental studies are necessary to evaluate the role and efficacy of alternative techniques for body contouring.

Hyperbaric oxygenation treatments and metabolic enzymes in the heart and diaphragm.

We previously found that intermittent hyperbaric oxygen exposure increases metabolic enzyme activity in soleus muscle. Since the metabolic enzyme activities of the heart and diaphragm of healthy animals are difficult to alter, we questioned whether intermittent hyperbaric oxygenation would provide a stimulus sufficient to increase metabolic enzyme activity. Therefore, we exposed 36 rabbits (4 groups of 9) twice daily for 90 min 5 days/wk to either 100% O2 at 243 kPa, 8.5% O2, and 91.5% N2 at 243 kPa, 100% O2 at 101 kPa, or 21% O2 at 101 kPa. After 4 wk of treatment, the activities of citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured. In both the heart and the diaphragm, none of the treatments significantly altered the mean enzyme activities for any of the enzymes measured. Therefore, it seems that the hyperbaric oxygenation treatment protocols used do not induce an increase in metabolic enzyme activity in the heart and diaphragm in healthy animals.

Lipid catabolism of cultivated treponemes.

Treponema require long-chain fatty acids for growth in vitro. Serum, added to culture media, provides a source of long-chain fatty acids. These fatty acids, however, are esterified to triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol. In this study, the major pathways of complex lipid catabolism in T. phagedenis, T. denticola, T. refringens, T. minutum, and T. vincentii were investigated. Lipase activity was demonstrated in five Treponema species using four lipid substrates. Chromatographic data demonstrated that, during growth, treponemes completely utilized lysophosphatidylcholine, present in serum-supplemented culture media, while phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol were not utilized. Phospholipase B and glycerophosphorylcholine diesterase activities were demonstrated in the five species of Treponema studied. Treponema phagedenis and T. denticola had phosphatase activity, while T. refringens, T. minutum, and T. vincentii did not have an acid phosphatase activity. Phospholipase A, C, and D and alkaline phosphatase activities were not found in five species of Treponema. Based on the enzymes demonstrated in this study, two pathways of phospholipid catabolism are proposed.

Enzymic markers of thyroid C cells in some rodents.

The paper provides comparative data of the localization of histochemical reactions demonstrating the activities of alpha-glycerophosphate and succinate dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, non-specific esterases and non-specific acetylcholinesterase in the C cells of thyroids of 26 animals belonging to 5 rodent species. The family Muridae is represented by the Wistar albino rat and albino mouse, the family Microtidae by the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber 1780), the field vole Microtus agrestis L. 1761, and the pine vole Pitymys subterraneus De Selys-Longchamps 1825. The observed enzyme activity differences were most conspicuous on comparing the rat and mouse thyroids and in a much less degree the Microtidae thyroids. Among the histochemical reactions tested that for succinate dehydrogenase proved to be least effective as a C cell marker, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase being better, and acid phosphatase and non-specific esterases the best (not in the rat thyroid). The reaction for non-specific cholinesterase (with some limitations) gave satisfactory results in the C cells of all animal's thyroids. The present paper continues earlier studies [19] on the morphology of the C cells in thyroid glands of the rodents of the families Muridae and Microtidae and aims at supplementing them with histochemical data of enzymic activities. It deals with enzyme reactions that are employed as C cell markers in Mammals other than Rodents.

Conformations of diphosphopyridine coenzymes upon binding to dehydrogenases.

The binding of oxidized as well as reduced coenzyme to some dehydrogenases has been studied under different concentration ratios and temperatures by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A significant difference in the spectral behavior between DPN(+) and DPNH upon binding is interpreted in terms of fast and slow on-off rates relative to the nuclear magnetic resonance time scale in the binding of these two coenzymes. Significant downfield shifts of DPN(+) were observed upon binding, comparable in magnitude to those expected upon opening (destacking) of the coenzymes in the case of chicken-muscle and lobster-tail lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) and yeast alchol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1.). A preliminary survey of several other dehydrogenases is consistent with these findings. In the case of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase, there is a possibility that the coenzyme exists in the folded form.

The distribution of monoamine oxidase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in pig brain.

Activities of the enzymes monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4), alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.5) and cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) were determined in homogenates and in the mitochondrial fraction prepared from individual regions of pig brain. The variation in the activity of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase paralleled that of cytochrome oxidase, but this was not the case with monoamine oxidase. The differences in the activities of the enzymes among homogenates of the various regions of the brain persisted in mitochondria prepared from these homogenates. The purification of these three enzymes paralleled each other when mitochondria were prepared, suggesting that the three enzymes are bound to the same particles.