RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: For the majority of people with acute sore throat, over-the-counter treatments represent the primary option for symptomatic relief. This study evaluated the in vitro bactericidal activity of lozenges containing the antiseptic hexylresorcinol against five bacteria associated with acute sore throat: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae and Fusobacterium necrophorum. RESULTS: Hexylresorcinol 2.4 mg lozenges were dissolved into 5 mL of artificial saliva medium. Inoculum cultures were prepared in triplicate for each test organism to give an approximate population of 108 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL. Bactericidal activity was measured by log reduction in cfu. Greater than 3log10 reductions in cfu were observed at 1 min after dissolved hexylresorcinol lozenges were added to S. aureus (log10 reduction cfu/mL ± standard deviation, 3.3 ± 0.2), M. catarrhalis (4.7 ± 0.4), H. influenzae (5.8 ± 0.4) and F. necrophorum (4.5 ± 0.2) and by 5 min for S. pyogenes (4.3 ± 0.4). Hexylresorcinol lozenges achieved a > 99.9% reduction in cfu against all tested organisms within 5 min, which is consistent with the duration for a lozenge to dissolve in the mouth. In conclusion, in vitro data indicate that hexylresorcinol lozenges offer rapid bactericidal activity against organisms implicated in acute sore throat.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Resfriado Comum/tratamento farmacológico , Hexilresorcinol/uso terapêutico , Orofaringe/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/administração & dosagem , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Carga Bacteriana/efeitos dos fármacos , Resfriado Comum/microbiologia , Fusobacterium necrophorum/efeitos dos fármacos , Fusobacterium necrophorum/fisiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/efeitos dos fármacos , Haemophilus influenzae/fisiologia , Hexilresorcinol/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Moraxella catarrhalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Moraxella catarrhalis/fisiologia , Orofaringe/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus pyogenes/fisiologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Consumers are increasingly interested in over-the-counter skin care products that can improve the appearance of photodamaged and aging skin. This 10-week, open-label, single- center study enrolled 25 subjects with mild to moderate hyperpigmentation and other clinical stigmata of cutaneous aging including fine lines, sallowness, lack of clarity, and wrinkling. Their mean age was 53.4±7.7 years. The test product contained retinol 0.5% in combination with niacinamide 4.4%, resveratrol 1%, and hexylresorcinol 1.1% in a moisturizing base. Subjects were provided a skin care regimen including a cleanser, hydrating serum, moisturizer, and an SPF 30 sunscreen for daily use. The test product was applied only at night.
The use of this skin brightening/anti-aging cosmeceutical was found to provide statistically significant improvements in all efficacy endpoints by study end. Fine lines, radiance, and smoothness were significantly improved as early as week 2 (P<.001). By week 4, hyperpigmentation, overall skin clarity, evenness of skin tone, and wrinkles showed statistically significant improvement compared to baseline. Mild retinoid dermatitis including flaking and redness occurred early in the study as reflected by tolerability scores. By week 10, subjects reported no stinging, itching, dryness, or tingling.
The results of this open-label clinical study suggest that a topical cream containing retinol 0.5% in combination with niacinamide, resveratrol, and hexylresorcinol is efficacious and tolerable for skin brightening/anti-aging when used with a complementary skin care regimen including SPF 30 sun protection.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2016;15(7):863-868.