Effects of intravaginal estriol and pelvic floor rehabilitation on urogenital aging in postmenopausal women.

PURPOSE: To assess the effects of the combination of pelvic floor rehabilitation and intravaginal estriol administration on stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urogenital atrophy and recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Two-hundred-six postmenopausal women with urogenital aging symptoms were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and each group consisted of 103 women. Subjects in the treatment group received intravaginal estriol ovules, such as 1 ovule (1 mg) once daily for 2 weeks and then 2 ovules once weekly for a total of 6 months as maintenance therapy plus pelvic floor rehabilitation. Subjects in the control group received only intravaginal estriol in a similar regimen. We evaluated urogenital symptomatology, urine cultures, colposcopic findings, urethral cytologic findings, urethral pressure profiles and urethrocystometry before, as well as after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS: After therapy, the symptoms and signs of urogenital atrophy significantly improved in both groups. 61/83 (73.49%) of the treated patients, and only 10/103 (9.71%) of the control patients referred a subjective improvement of their incontinence. In the patients treated by combination therapy with estriol plus pelvic floor rehabilitation, we observed significant improvements of colposcopic findings, and there were statistically significant increases in mean maximum urethral pressure (MUP), in mean urethral closure pressure (MUCP), as well as in the abdominal pressure transmission ratio to the proximal urethra (PTR). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that combination therapy with estriol plus pelvic floor rehabilitation was effective and should be considered as a first-line treatment for symptoms of urogenital aging in postmenopausal women.

The role of uroflowmetry biofeedback and biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women with dysfunctional voiding: a randomized controlled prospective study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a training program with uroflowmetry biofeedback and pelvic floor relaxation biofeedback on urodynamic and voiding parameters in women with dysfunctional voiding. METHODS: Eighty-six women with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and dysfunctional voiding were randomly assigned to receive a treatment schedule as follows: uroflowmetry biofeedback (group 1), biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles (group 2), uroflowmetry biofeedback combined to biofeedback training of the pelvic floor muscles (group 3), no treatment (group 4). Patients were regularly evaluated by American Urological Association Symptom Index and urodynamics during the study period. All the patients were followed up for 1 year with monthly urine cultures. A further evaluation was done at month 24 by American Urological Association Symptom Index and free uroflowmetry with measurement of residual urine. RESULTS: The prevalence of storage and emptying symptoms decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months in the groups 1, 2, and 3, and remained stable during the study period. Mean flow rate, flow time, voiding volume increased significantly, whereas postvoid residual urine decreased. The prevalence of UTI decreased significantly in groups 1, 2, and 3. At month 24, storage and emptying symptoms and voiding patterns were similar to the baseline values in all the patients. The incidence of UTIs was similar to baseline values in groups 1, 2, and 3. CONCLUSIONS: Training the voluntary control of the pelvic floor seems essential in obtaining control over the bladder function. These results reinforce the importance of pelvic floor therapy in the resolution of UTIs.

Manejo kinésico del piso pelviano en infecciones urinarias a repetición / Pelvic floor kinesis for the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections

Evaluar la terapia de reeducación miccional en pacientes con infección urinaria (ITU) a repetición portadores de disinergia entre la micción y la actividad esfinteriana uretral externa y con presencia de residuo postmiccional elevado, independiente de si presentan o no síntomas de disfuncional miccional. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes portadores de ITU a repetición, sin malformaciones de la vía urinaria, que en su estudio demostraran signos de disfunción miccional con disinergia entre la micción y la actividad electromiográfica, y que tuvieran residuo postmiccional elevado. Todos fueron sometidos a terapia kinésica del piso pelviano y reeducación de hábitos miccionales. Los parámetros para medir los resultados fueron: 1. Nuevos episodios de infección urinaria. 2. Presencia o ausencia de disinergia mediante una flujometría (FM) con electromiografía (EMG) con electrodos de superficieperineales. 3. Medición del residuo postmiccional Resultados: 18 pacientes cumplieron con el criterio de ingreso al estudio. La edad promedio al iniciar la terapia fue de 8 años 9 meses, con un promedio de 4 episodios de ITU por paciente, en un tiempo promedio de evolución de 4 años. Destaca que el 33 por ciento de nuestros pacientes que no relataban síntomas de disfunción miccional al ingreso al estudio, igualmentepresentaron disinergia y residuo elevado. El promedio de residuo postmiccional fue de 58 por ciento antes deiniciar el tratamiento. Éste consistió en ejercicios de kinesiología del piso pelviano y educación sobre la dinámica urinaria. Cuatro pacientes presentaron ITU posterior al tratamiento, todas afebriles, 3 pacientes con sólo 1 episodio. Respecto a la disinergia todos los pacientes lograron adecuada relajación del esfínter uretral externo durante la micción y el promedio de residuo postmiccional fue de 6 por ciento. Conclusiones: Frente a la ITU a repetición, aun en ausencia de síntomas de disfunción miccional, se deben buscar elementos...

To evaluate the therapy of voiding retraining in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) whit dyssynergia to relax the urinary sphincter during micturition and large volume post-void residualurine. Material and Method: Retrospective study of patients with recurrent UTI, without malformations of the urinary tract, that in their study demonstrated signs of voiding dysfunction with dyssynergia between the voiding and electromyography activity, and large volume post-void residual urine. All patients were underwent to pelvic floor muscle retraining and behavioral therapy. The parameters to measure the outcomes were: 1. New episodes of urinary tract infections. 2. Presence or absence of dyssynergia evaluated by uroflowmetry (FM) with concomitant electromyography (EMG) 3. Measurement of post-void residual urine. Results: Study enrollment criteria were fulfilled by 18 patients. The mean age was 8 years 9 months,with 4 episodes of UTI by patient (average). There were 33 percent of the patients without symptoms of voiding dysfunction, but with dyssynergia and large volume post-void residual. The volume post-void residual was 58 percent before the treatment. Post treatment, 4 patients developed UTI without fever (3 of them patients developed 1 episode). All patients obtained to relax the urinary sphincter during micturition and the volume post-void residual was 6 percent (average) after treatment. Conclusions: The recurrent UTI, even in absence of symptoms of voiding dysfunction, we recommended to study with voiding diary, FM/EMG and volume post-void residual. In the patients with recurrent urinary tract infections and voiding dysfunction,the pelvic floor muscle retraining and behavioral therapy is an important therapeutic tool. This treatment allows to obtain a normal synergia detrusor-sphincter and to improve the volume post-void residual, both factors, that when they are altered facilitate development of UTI.

[The effect of therapeutic mud on the viability and persistence properties of bacteria]. / Vliianie lechebnoi griazi na zhiznesposobnost' i persistentnye svoistva bakterii.

The influence of therapeutic salt mud on the viability and some biological properties of bacteria, responsible for their survival in the macroorganisms, was shown. Therapeutic mud had low bactericidal properties, and enterobacteria were, on the whole, even less sensitive to these properties than staphylococci. Therapeutic mud inhibited the capacity of bacteria for inactivating complement, lysozyme and the bactericidal component of the preparation of interferon and also reduced the hydrophobic properties of bacterial cells. At the same time Escherichia were found to be more susceptible to the modifying action of the mud than staphylococci. The greatest effect on the hydrophobic properties and anticomplement activity of bacteria was observed after their incubation in mud solution.