Treatment of Pasteurella multocida infection with dressings containing honey and antibacterials: a case report.

Infections secondary to Pasteurella multocida frequently occur in patients who have been exposed to domestic pets. Human infections caused by Pasteurella multocida vary in severity, and clinical features include localised cellulitis, osteomyelitis, systemic bacteraemia, meningitis and pneumonia. No vaccine has been developed against Pasteurella multocida; it is treated with antibacterial agents and, in most cases, surgical intervention. This article discusses the authors' experience in treating a woman with severe cellulitis and osteomyelitis on her hand caused by Pasteurella multocida. She refused surgical intervention and was successfully treated with honey-containing dressings and antibiotics after failure to heal following conservative treatment using conventional wound dressings combined with antibiotics.

Celulitis por Pasteurella multocida tras una mordedura de gato / Pasteurella multocida cellulitis following a cat bite

Las personas que han sufrido mordeduras por animales suelen solicitar asistencia médica de inmediato o poco tiempo después del accidente, ya sea por las heridas y la inflamación que se producen en la superficie afectada o, menos frecuentemente, por la aparición de fiebre. El riesgo de infección tras una mordedura por animales es elevado (en mordeduras de gato es del 28-80%), y se presentan como casos urgentes en la mayoría de las ocasiones. Pasteurellamultocida es un microorganismo bien conocido como agente etiológico de infección tras mordeduras o arañazos por animales, especialmente gatos. Sin un tratamiento adecuado, puede producir infecciones graves con complicaciones, como formación de abscesos, artritis séptica, osteomielitis, septicemia, endocarditis y meningitis, entre otras. La clave del correcto manejo depende del diagnóstico precoz, basado en la historia clínica y la identificación del patógeno causal, seguida del tratamiento local de las lesiones y de la instauración del antibiótico adecuado. Presentamos un caso de celulitis por P. multocidatras una mordedura de gato doméstico, y destacamos la importancia de tener en cuenta a este patógeno como posible origen de infecciones cutáneas o profundas en pacientes con contacto habitual con animales(AU)

People who have received animal bites usually request medical assistance immediately or shortly after the accident because of the wound and inflammation produced on the affected surface or, less commonly, because of fever. The risk of infection following animal bites is high, ranging between 28% and 80% for cat bites, which, in most cases, are presented as medical emergencies. Pasteurella multocida is a bacterium known to cause infection following animal bites or scratches, mainly from cats. Without proper treatment, it can produce severe infections with complications like abscess, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, septicaemia, endocarditis and meningitis, among others. The key to adequate management depends on an early diagnosis based on a clinical interview, identification of the causal pathogen, local treatment of the lesions and proper use of antibiotics. We present a clinical case of Pasteurella multocida cellulitis following a domestic cat bite and emphasize the importance of taking this pathogen into account as a possible cause of skin infection, or a more serious infection, in people who are in regular contact with animals(AU)

Dual infection with Pneumocystis carinii and Pasteurella pneumotropica in B cell-deficient mice: diagnosis and therapy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The clinical presentation, diagnosis, histopathologic findings, and elimination of dual respiratory tract infection with Pasteurella pneumotropica and Pneumocystis carinii were studied in 100 adult barrier-reared C.B17 and MRL- lpr mice homozygous for a targeted mutation of the JH region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain. METHODS: Necropsy, aerobic bacteriologic culture of hematogenous and pulmonary tissues, histochemical staining of pulmonary tissues, polymerase chain reaction analysis of pulmonary tissues and feces, and viral serologic testing were performed on 19 clinically affected mice and 8 clinically normal mice, then later on antibiotic-treated and caesarian re-derived mice. Therapeutic strategies included sequential administration of trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole and enrofloxacin or enrofloxacin administration and caesarian rederivation. RESULTS: Clinically affected mice had diffuse, nonsuppurative, interstitial pneumonia with superimposed pyogranulomatous lobar pneumonia that was detected microscopically. Affected lung tissue yielded pure culture of P. pneumotropica. Aged-matched, clinically normal mice of both genotypes had interstitial histiocytic pneumonia without lobar pneumonia, and P. pneumotropica was not isolated. Histochemical staining of lung tissues from normal and clinically affected mice revealed scattered cysts consistent with P. carinii, principally in the interstitium. Treatment with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and enrofloxacin eliminated bacteriologic detection of P. pneumotropica, decreased mortality from 50% to 6%, and improved breeding performance. CONCLUSION: A successful antibiotic therapy and rederivation approach, incorporating enrofloxacin, cesarian section, and isolator rearing, was developed for B cell-deficient mice with opportunistic infections.

Effect of copper deficiency on tissue, blood characteristics, and immune function of calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and Pasteurella hemolytica.

Fourteen Holstein steers, averaging 30 d of age, were fed a semipurified diet (1.5 mg of Cu/kg) supplemented with 0 (-Cu) or 10 mg of Cu/kg of diet (+Cu) for 5 mo. Calves were then challenged by consecutive exposure to aerosol preparations of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and Pasteurella hemolytica on d 0 and 7, respectively, of the 30-d study. Serum ceruloplasmin and plasma copper were higher in +Cu calves throughout the challenge period and increased in +Cu calves after microbial challenge. Heart weights were higher in -Cu calves, although weights of liver, spleen, and thymus were not different between treatments. Copper concentrations in all tissues as well as thymus zinc were higher in +Cu calves. Serum immunoglobulin M tended to be higher in +Cu calves and increased in both treatments after IBRV challenge. Serum IBRV antibody titers were higher in -Cu calves with detectable seroconversion by d 10 postinfection. In contrast, antigen-specific antibodies to P. hemolytica tended to be higher in +Cu calves on d 21. Copper status did not affect blastogenic response, but phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated blastogenesis was higher in both treatments after IBRV challenge. Repletion of lymphocyte cultures with copper chloride increased proliferative responses to PHA in both +Cu and -Cu calves, and greater responses at all levels of copper (1 to 16 micrograms/mL) were noted in -Cu calves. These results indicate that copper deficiency affects various physiological characteristics that may be important in immunological defense to pathogenic challenge.