RESUMO
The cardinal symptoms of some ophthalmic diseases observed through exceptional retinal blood vessels, such as retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, etc. The advanced deep learning models used to obtain morphological and structural information of blood vessels automatically are conducive to the early treatment and initiative prevention of ophthalmic diseases. In our work, we propose a hierarchical dilation convolutional network (HDC-Net) to extract retinal vessels in a pixel-to-pixel manner. It utilizes the hierarchical dilation convolution (HDC) module to capture the fragile retinal blood vessels usually neglected by other methods. An improved residual dual efficient channel attention (RDECA) module can infer more delicate channel information to reinforce the discriminative capability of the model. The structured Dropblock can help our HDC-Net model to solve the network overfitting effectively. From a holistic perspective, the segmentation results obtained by HDC-Net are superior to other deep learning methods on three acknowledged datasets (DRIVE, CHASE-DB1, STARE), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, f1-score and AUC score are {0.8252, 0.9829, 0.9692, 0.8239, 0.9871}, {0.8227, 0.9853, 0.9745, 0.8113, 0.9884}, and {0.8369, 0.9866, 0.9751, 0.8385, 0.9913}, respectively. It surpasses most other advanced retinal vessel segmentation models. Qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrates that HDC-Net can fulfill the task of retinal vessel segmentation efficiently and accurately.
Assuntos
Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Aprendizado Profundo , Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico , Retinopatia Diabética/patologia , Dilatação , Humanos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Retina/patologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/patologia , Vasos Retinianos/patologiaRESUMO
To examine the ocular side effects of selected biological anti-cancer therapies and the ocular and systemic prognosis of patients receiving them. We retrospectively reviewed all medical records of patients who received biological anti-cancer treatment from 1/2012 to 12/2017 and who were treated at our ocular oncology service. The following data was retrieved: primary malignancy, metastasis, type of biological therapy, ocular side effects, ophthalmic treatment, non-ocular side effects, and ocular and systemic disease prognoses. Twenty-two patients received biological therapies and reported ocular side effects. Eighteen patients (81.8%) had bilateral ocular side effects, including uveitis (40.9%), dry eye (22.7%), and central serous retinopathy (22.7%). One patient (4.5%) had central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and one patient (4.5%) had branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). At the end of follow-up, 6 patients (27.27%) had resolution of the ocular disease, 13 patients (59.09%) had stable ocular disease, and 3 patients (13.64%) had progression of the ocular disease. Visual acuity improved significantly at the end of follow-up compared to initial values. Eighteen patients (81.8%) were alive at study closure. Biological therapies can cause a wide range of ocular side effects ranging from dry eye symptoms to severe pathologies that may cause ocular morbidity and vision loss, such as uveitis, CRAO and BRVO. All patients receiving biological treatments should be screened by ophthalmologists before treatment, re-screened every 4-6 months during treatment, and again at the end of treatment. Patients on biological treatment who have ocular complaints should be urgently referred to ocular consultation for early identification and early intervention.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Terapia Biológica/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias/patologia , Prognóstico , Oclusão da Artéria Retiniana/induzido quimicamente , Oclusão da Artéria Retiniana/patologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/induzido quimicamente , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Uveíte/induzido quimicamente , Uveíte/patologia , Acuidade Visual/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Retinal vein occlusion refers to diseases with decreased vision, dilated tortuous retinal veins visible on the fundus, and retinal hemorrhage, edema, and osmosis distributed along the vein. There is still no ideal intervention to treat central retinal vein occlusion. This study plan to observe the efficacy of Dan-Hong Hua-Yu oral solution in treating non-ischemic retinal vein occlusion, in order to provide new treatment ideas. METHODS/DESIGN: We plan to use random number table method, 64 cases of non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion that meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The intervention group will be treated with Dan-Hong Hua-Yu oral solution according to the syndrome differentiation of Traditional Chinese medicine and the patient's fundus condition. Each group will take 4 weeks as a course of treatment and three consecutive courses of treatment without any interval during the course of treatment. Changes of visual acuity, fundus performance, and total clinical symptoms of patients before and after treatment will be observed. DISCUSSION: This study will observe the efficacy of Dan-Hong Hua-Yu oral solution in the treatment of non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion, with a view to providing new treatment ideas. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR2000030625, Registered on March 08, 2020.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Edema Macular/tratamento farmacológico , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China/epidemiologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Fundo de Olho , Humanos , Edema Macular/diagnóstico por imagem , Edema Macular/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/patologia , Acuidade Visual/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Retinal vein occlusion presents as an acute, painless and unilateral sight loss. We report two cases of retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in which the etiology was unusual. CASE REPORTS: Case 1. A 54-year-old woman without any significant past medical history presented with an acute loss of vision. Medical history taking revealed the practice of yoga with headstand posture like "Sirsana". Case 2. A 35-year-old woman presented with an acute loss of vision related to a retinal vein occlusion. The investigation found prolonged and repeated vomiting the days before the retinal vein occlusion. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular assessment is recommended in the investigation of CRVO. Furthermore, especially in young patients, a situation causing an increase of intraocular pressure as the practice of yoga with taking reverse "head down" body positions or even repeated vomiting efforts may be the cause of slower circulation of blood flow in the retinal veins.
Assuntos
Hipertensão Ocular/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Ocular/etiologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/complicações , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Postura/fisiologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/patologia , Transtornos da Visão/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Vômito/complicações , YogaRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Sickle cell Retinopathy is increasingly being recognised as a cause of significant ocular morbidity and blindness in Africa south of the Sahara. This study looked for retinopathy in a cohort of 90 Nigerians with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). METHOD: The cohort consisted of black Nigerians from the Hausa-Fulani, Ibo and Yoruba, as well as other minority ethnic groups resident in the Federal Capital Territory aged between 5-36 yr. 88 patients were SS and only 2 SC. RESULTS: SCD related posterior lesions were seen in 22 patients (24%). Of these, 19 cases (21%) had Non Proliferative Sickle Retinopathy (NPSR) while 5 (5.6%) had Proliferative Sickle Retinopathy (PSR) in various stages of development, and 2 had both PSR and NPSR. Patients with PSR are at risk of blindness from vitreous haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment. A 14-year-old male with arterio-venous anastomosis was the youngest with PSR while the most advanced PSR lesion was a sea fan in a 25-year-old female. CONCLUSIONS: standard treatment consisting of photocoagulation and/or vitrectomy is not available in many eye centres in sub-Saharan Africa and steps need to be taken to improve this situation. The role of anti-sickling remedies, if any, is the subject of ongoing investigations. Our findings with NIPRISAN, a phytomedicinal preparation currently undergoing trials, will be reported subsequently.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Doença da Hemoglobina SC/complicações , Hifema/etiologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Fotocoagulação , Masculino , Nigéria , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/complicações , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/patologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/terapia , Fatores de Risco , VitrectomiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To photographically document venous collateral development, remodeling, and regression in a patient with traumatic glaucoma. METHODS: Consecutive fundus photographs were evaluated, labeled, and correlated with the clinical history of a patient with unilateral posttraumatic glaucoma. RESULTS: This report photographically documents the appearance, remodeling, and subsequent disappearance of collateral vessels from venous occlusion on the surface of the optic disk in an eye with increased intraocular pressure and progressive glaucomatous cupping. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic chronic obstruction of a branch retinal vein on the optic disk may cause venous collaterals to develop in the absence of retinal hemorrhages or other signs of venous occlusive disease. Increased intraocular pressure, arteriolarsclerosis, and glaucomatous cupping are risk factors for these occlusions.