RESUMO
Advanced basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) circumvent Smoothened (SMO) inhibition by activating GLI transcription factors to sustain the high levels of Hedgehog (HH) signaling required for their survival. Unfortunately, there is a lack of efficacious therapies. We performed a gene expression-based drug repositioning screen in silico and identified the FDA-approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat, as a top therapeutic candidate. We show that vorinostat only inhibits proliferation of BCC cells in vitro and BCC allografts in vivo at high dose, limiting its usefulness as a monotherapy. We leveraged this in silico approach to identify drug combinations that increase the therapeutic window of vorinostat and identified atypical PKC Æ/Ê (aPKC) as a HDAC costimulator of HH signaling. We found that aPKC promotes GLI1-HDAC1 association in vitro, linking two positive feedback loops. Combination targeting of HDAC1 and aPKC robustly inhibited GLI1, lowering drug doses needed in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo in patient-derived BCC explants. We identified a bioavailable and selective small-molecule aPKC inhibitor, bringing the pharmacological blockade of aPKC and HDAC1 into the realm of clinical possibility. Our findings provide a compelling rationale and candidate drugs for combined targeting of HDAC1 and aPKC in HH-dependent cancers.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Histona Desacetilase 1/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia , Isoenzimas/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Quinase C/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Aloenxertos , Animais , Carcinoma Basocelular/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Biologia Computacional , Combinação de Medicamentos , Descoberta de Drogas , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Ouriços/genética , Ouriços/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilase 1/genética , Histona Desacetilase 1/metabolismo , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/química , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Proteína Quinase C/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Fatores de Transcrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/genética , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/metabolismoRESUMO
Two new 13, 14/14, 15-disecopregnane-type skeleton C21 steroidal aglycones, neocynapanogenin G (1) and neocynapanogenin H (2), were isolated from the hydrolyzed extract of the CHCl3 soluble extract of the roots of Cynanchun paniculatum. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical evidence and extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Compound 1 displayed signifidant inhibition of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in vitro.
Assuntos
Cynanchum/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Iridoides/química , Raízes de Plantas/química , Esteroides/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Ouriços/genética , Ouriços/metabolismo , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
In breast cancer, the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induces cell invasion, although the molecular basis of it has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of daidzein in regulating TNF-α induced cell invasion and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Daidzein inhibited TNF-α induced cellular migration and invasion in estrogen receptor (ER) negative MCF10DCIS.com human breast cancer cells. TNF-α activated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by enhancing Gli1 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, which resulted in increased invasiveness; these effects were blocked by daidzein and the Hh signaling inhibitors, cyclopamine and vismodegib. Moreover, these compounds suppressed TNF-α induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 mRNA expression and activity. Taken together, mammary tumor cell invasiveness was stimulated by TNF-α induced activation of Hh signaling; these effects were abrogated by daidzein, which suppressed Gli1 activation, thereby inhibiting migration and invasion.